双金属金属有机骨架材料的制备及性能研究进展

金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)具有拓扑结构的多样性和丰富的比表面积,使其在催化和吸附领域具有潜在的应用价值。 双金属MOFs具有两种金属中心,较之单金属MOFs具有更加多元的催化活性位点和吸附位点,因此吸附选择性、选择催化性以及结构稳定性等均得到了提升。 本文就如何制备性能优异的双金属MOFs材料,以及这种材料的结构特点、性能提升和应用前景展开了概述。     

核壳结构金属-有机骨架及其衍生物在锂离子电池负极材料中的应用

金属–有机框架(MOFs)材料具有比表面积较大、孔径可调、制备容易、结构与功能多样性等优势,被广泛应用于电化学能源转化与储存领域。其中独特的核壳结构材料由于表面修饰的作用往往更能表现出核内与壳层的协同作用。本文介绍了具有核壳结构MOFs作为锂离子电池负极材料的发展现状,并重点综述其衍生物(多孔碳材料、金属氧化物、金属硫/硒化物以及金属/金属氧化物)的制备方法以及在锂离子电池负极中的应用。MOFs通过高温煅烧或改变化学反应条件的方法,可制备出结构可调的传统无机电极材料并表现出更优异的电化学性能。最后总结了核壳结构MOFs材料作为锂电负极材料存在的问题和挑战,并提出可能的解决途径和未来的应用前景。     

双金属有机骨架的制备及其吸附水体污染物的研究进展

近年来,随着农业化、工业化和城市化进程的推进,各行业排放的农药、兽药、重金属离子和染料等水体污染物对生态环境和人类的生产生活带来了巨大的危害,因此采取绿色且高效的方法去除污染物具有重要意义。金属-有机骨架（Metal-organic framework, MOFs）是一种由金属离子和有机配体组成的多孔结晶材料,具有可调节孔径和大比表面积等优势,在各个领域具有广泛的应用。然而,单金属MOFs虽性能优异,但孔隙小,活性位点少,而引入第2种金属离子形成的双金属MOFs材料具有孔道丰富、比表面积大、结构可调和丰富的活性位点等优点,广泛应用于催化、储存、载药和运输等领域。增加的吸附位点和增强的协同效应,使得双金属有机骨架材料在吸附领域有着潜在的应用前景。该综述对近8年双金属MOFs最新研究进展进行了总结,讨论了双金属MOFs在合成和应用方面所面临的挑战,并对它们的进一步发展前景进行了展望,为双金属MOFs的制备和污染物吸附应用提供参考。     

金属有机骨架材料在氨低温催化还原氮氧化物反应中的应用

氮氧化物(NO _x )是造成大气污染的主要污染物之一,工业窑炉和燃煤电厂等固定源以及以机动车为代表的移动源所排放的氮氧化物对生态环境造成了一系列的危害。为此控制并降低NO _x 排放是当前十分艰巨的任务。金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)这种新型的多孔聚合材料由于其多活性位点、高比表面积、结构可修饰、易于功能化而表现出突出的多相催化性能近年来在低温工业脱硝领域逐渐受到关注。本文总结了MOFs材料在氨低温催化还原氮氧化物反应中的应用进展,重点阐述了单金属和双金属的MOFs材料的应用以及MOFs衍生物催化剂的研究。最后对MOFs在低温脱硝领域中目前存在的问题并对其发展方向和前景进行了展望。     

金属-有机骨架材料及其在催化反应中的应用

金属-有机骨架(metal-organic frameworks, MOFs)材料是由金属离子和有机配体通过自组装而成的具有多孔结构的特殊晶体材料。由于其种类的多样性、孔道的可调性和结构的易功能化,已在气体的吸附和分离、催化、磁学、生物医学等领域表现出了诱人的应用前景。本文介绍了MOFs材料的类型和常用的合成方法,综述了近年来MOFs材料在催化领域的应用,特别是以MOFs材料中骨架金属作为活性中心、骨架有机配体作为活性中心和负载催化活性组分的催化反应,并对MOFs材料的催化应用趋势做了展望,以期对MOFs材料的催化性能有比较全面的认识。     

金属有机框架(MOFs)材料在锂离子电池及锂金属电池电解液中的应用

总结了金属有机框架(MOFs)材料在锂离子电池电解液中的研究进展. 通过归纳锂离子电池长期存在的一些缺陷, 随后将MOFs材料作为离子筛、人造负极保护层、准固态电解质以及用来调节电解液构型, 使得锂离子电池的性能得到显著提升. 最后, 基于MOFs材料本身的特性, 还对MOFs材料在电化学储能领域中的后续应用进行了合理地前瞻性展望.     

金属-有机框架材料衍生转换型负极在碱金属离子电池中的应用

碱金属离子电池是指以Li⁺、Na⁺、K⁺离子为载体的二次电池,其能量密度高、使用寿命长,在电子设备、清洁能源存储中应用广泛。负极是影响电池性能的关键因素,迫切需要开发高比容量和强结构稳定性的负极。基于转换反应的金属化合物负极理论容量高、安全性好、资源丰富,然而其导电性较差,体积效应大,会损害倍率和循环性能。利用金属有机框架材料(MOFs)可以有效解决上述问题,由MOFs衍生的金属化合物优势明显:(1)孔道丰富,离子迁移快;(2)比表面大,活性位点多;(3)结构和组成可调。本文对MOFs衍生转换型负极及其在碱金属离子电池上的应用进行了系统性梳理,综述了MOFs衍生各类化合物的研究进展,总结了由MOFs制备转化型负极的性能提升策略及机理,以及应用于电池负极的优势与挑战,并对研究新趋向进行展望。     

多壳层中空镍钴双金属磷化物纳米球用于高效电催化析氧北大核心CSCD

析氧反应是金属-空气电池和电解水制氢等电化学系统中关键的反应,研究其高效稳定非贵金属电催化剂至关重要。本文以金属有机骨架化合物(MOF)作为前驱体,通过高温煅烧制备了具有多壳层中空结构的镍钴双金属磷化物(NiCo-P)。这种独特的结构有利于电解液的渗透,能够提供丰富的暴露活性位点和快速传质路径,同时,镍钴双金属具有协同作用促进电化学性能。结果表明,n(Ni)∶n(Co)=1∶10制备的NiCo-P-0.1催化剂在1.0 mol/L KOH电解液中表现出良好的催化活性和稳定性,在10 mA/cm^(2)电流密度的过电势为329 mV,具有良好的应用前景。本工作为高活性和高稳定性的电催化析氧催化剂的制备提供了一种全新途径。     

纳米尺度MOFs在肿瘤及肿瘤标志物生物学成像中的研究进展

金属有机框架(MOFs)在气体储存与分离、燃料电池、能源转换,以及化学/生物传感器的构建等领域均发挥着重要作用.当MOFs的尺寸在一个维度上小于100 nm时,即为纳米金属有机框架(nMOFs).与传统的MOFs相比,nMOFs不仅保持了原有的高度有序多孔结构,还具有结构可调、表面修饰位点更加有效,以及生物分子分布功能...     

双发光MOFs的比率型传感和可视化检测应用*

通过[Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺和EDTA-Ca配合物,引出金属有机骨架(MOFs),揭示刚性多齿配体使MOFs形成无限延展多孔结构的本质。从单一荧光引出双荧光,到比率型荧光传感和可视化检测应用。MOFs丰富的金属离子和配体组成以及多孔结构,为实现双荧光奠定了基础。镧系金属的电子结构使其可以发出可见光。基于此,通过几个多发光MOFs,特别是镧系金属MOFs的比率型荧光和可视化传感应用,将教学知识点与科学前沿结合到一起,一方面加深学生对知识点的理解和掌握,另一方面激发学生运用知识,探索未知的兴趣。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.