非对称混杂边界轴向运动Timoshenko梁橫向振动分析

研究两端带有扭转弹簧且弹簧系数均可任意变化的非对称混杂边界下的轴向运动Timoshenko梁的横向振动.利用非对称混杂边界条件推导对应任意弹簧系数的系统超越方程以及特征函数.运用数值方法计算系统的固有频率及其相应的模态函数,并研究确定梁的刚度、轴向速度以及边界处扭转弹簧的刚度的影响.通过数值算例,比较7imoshenko梁、瑞利梁、剪切梁和欧拉梁的固有频率随轴向速度的变化,分析转动惯量和剪切变形的影响.     

超临界轴向运动梁横向非线性振动频域分析

数值方法研究超临界速度下轴向运动梁横向非线性振动前两阶固有频率.通过对非平凡平衡位形做坐标变换,建立超临界轴向运动梁的标准控制方程,一个积分-偏微分非线性方程.利用有限差分法数值离散梁两端简支边界下控制方程,计算轴向运动梁中点的横向振动位移,并将计算结果作为时间序列,运用离散傅立叶变换得到超临界轴向运动梁横向振动的频率...     

非线性Winkler地基上矩形薄板在移动荷载作用下的非线性动力分析

分析了非线性Winkler地基上矩形薄板在车辆移动荷载作用下的非线性动力特性。考虑地基反力的存在,基于Hamilton能量变分原理,建立了车辆、板、地基耦合系统非线性振动的控制微分方程;并将方程进行了量纲归一化处理,构造了满足周边自由矩形薄板全部边界条件的试探函数;运用伽辽金法和谐波平衡法对耦合系统控制方程进行了求解,讨论了板参数、地基参数、车辆系统参数等变化对耦合系统板振动幅频曲线的影响。结果表明:该耦合系统振动的频率都随板振幅的增大而增大;当板振动的幅值一定时,系统振动频率随着板厚、地基反应模量、车辆运行速度、车体刚度的增大而增大,但随着车体质量的增大而减小。因此,适当增加地基的反应模量可优化地基板的振动,并且从行车舒适性角度考虑,适当控制车速和车体刚度是有益的。     

两端铰接的细长柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应特性数值研究

目前细长柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应的研究方法主要包括实验方法、计算流体动力学方法以及半经验模型方法. 鉴于实验方法研究成本较高、计算流体动力学方法计算时间较长,本文基于尾流振子模型对线性剪切来流下两端铰接的细长柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应特性进行了半经验模型方法研究. 先建立了柔性圆柱体结构振子以及尾流振子之间的耦合模型,紧接着基于二阶精度中心差分格式对耦合模型先离散后迭代进行求解. 对不同剪切参数下柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应的振动波长、振动频率、振动位移以及响应频率随时间的变化特性等参数进行了分析. 分析结果表明:圆柱体的涡激振动响应由驻波和行波混合组成. 当无量纲弯曲刚度较小时,在圆柱体两端附近,驻波占主导;而在圆柱体中间段附近,行波占主导. 当无量纲弯曲刚度较大时,在圆柱体整个长度区间上均为驻波占主导. 随着剪切参数的增大,振动位移以及振动波长均逐渐减小,而振动频率和频率带宽均逐渐增大.      

两端铰接的细长柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应特性数值研究

目前细长柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应的研究方法主要包括实验方法、计算流体动力学方法以及半经验模型方法.鉴于实验方法研究成本较高、计算流体动力学方法计算时间较长,本文基于尾流振子模型对线性剪切来流下两端铰接的细长柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应特性进行了半经验模型方法研究.先建立了柔性圆柱体结构振子以及尾流振子之间的耦合模型,紧接着基于二阶精度中心差分格式对耦合模型先离散后迭代进行求解.对不同剪切参数下柔性圆柱体涡激振动响应的振动波长、振动频率、振动位移以及响应频率随时间的变化特性等参数进行了分析.分析结果表明:圆柱体的涡激振动响应由驻波和行波混合组成.当无量纲弯曲刚度较小时,在圆柱体两端附近,驻波占主导;而在圆柱体中间段附近,行波占主导.当无量纲弯曲刚度较大时,在圆柱体整个长度区间上均为驻波占主导.随着剪切参数的增大,振动位移以及振动波长均逐渐减小,而振动频率和频率带宽均逐渐增大.     

含轴向运动效应的裂纹梁横向振动频率研究

针对含轴向运动效应开口裂纹梁,借助裂纹梁连续等效刚度模型,将裂纹效应引入轴向运动梁的横向振动方程.应用传递矩阵法推导了求解其振动频率的特征方程,计算得到裂纹和运动参数连续变化情况下梁的一阶和二阶固有频率数值解.对裂纹和轴向运动参数对梁的振动频率的联合影响机理进行了分析,研究表明,对于梁的一阶和二阶固有频率,轴向运动速度和裂纹深度具有耦合作用效应.裂纹加深使得由轴向速度带来的频率衰减加速;同时,速度提升导致由裂纹引起的频率衰减变得更加剧烈.相较于二阶频率,耦合作用效应对于一阶频率表现得更加显著.     

基于一种广义梁理论的弹性地基FGM简支梁自由振动解析解

基于一种扩展的n阶广义剪切变形梁理论(n-GBT),应用Hamilton原理,建立了以轴向位移、横向位移及转角为未知函数的Winkler-Pasternak弹性地基功能梯度材料(FGM)梁的自由振动方程,采用Navier法获得了弹性地基FGM简支梁自由振动的精确解。与多种梁理论预测结果进行比较,讨论并给出了GBT阶次n的理想取值;分析了梯度指标、跨厚比及地基刚度对FGM梁频率的影响。结果表明:本文方法有效且适用范围广,若采用高阶剪切梁理论模型,宜取n≥3的奇数;FGM梁的自振频率随材料梯度指标的增大而减小;随跨厚比的增加而增大,但当跨厚比大于20,跨厚比增加对频率的影响很小;随地基刚度的增加而增大,地基刚度足够大时,频率趋于收敛。     

基于修正偶应力和高阶剪切变形理论的变截面微梁的自由振动

基于修正偶应力和高阶剪切理论建立了仅含有一个尺度参数的Reddy变截面微梁的自由振动模型,研究了变截面微梁自由振动问题的尺度效应和横向剪切变形对自振频率计算的影响。基于哈密顿原理推导了动力学方程与边界条件,并采用微分求积法求解了各种边界条件下的自振频率。算例结果表明,基于偶应力理论预测的变截面微梁的自振频率均大于经典梁理论的预测结果,即捕捉到了尺度效应。另外,梁的几何尺寸与尺度参数越接近,尺度效应就越明显,而梁的长细比越小,横向剪切变形对自振频率的影响就越明显。     

预应力混凝土梁桥在移动荷载作用下的动力响应分析

建立预应力钢筋混凝土等直梁强迫振动的运动微分方程,分析了梁在预应力钢筋作用下的横向振动问题.将运动微分方程解耦,得到梁在预应力作用下自振频率的解析解以及梁振动时的动力响应.分析了梁的自振频率与预应力和偏心距的关系.通过实例计算,得到了关于不同速度移动荷载车辆作用下梁的动力挠度曲线,并给出了考虑预应力和不考虑预应力时梁的动力效应比较.结果表明:随着车辆荷载移动速度的增大,梁的动力挠度随之增大;考虑预应力时梁的动力效应略有降低.     

两端弹性支承输流管道固有特性研究

输流管道广泛应用于航天航空、石油化工、海洋等重要的工程领域, 其振动特性尤其是系统固有特性一直是国内外学者研究的热点问题. 本文研究了两端弹性支承输流管道横向振动的固有特性, 尤其是在非对称弹性支承下的系统固有特性. 使用哈密顿原理得到了输流管道的控制方程及边界条件, 通过复模态法得到了静态管道的模态函数, 以其作为伽辽金法的势函数和权函数对线性派生系统控制方程进行截断处理. 分析了两端对称支承刚度、两端非对称支承刚度、管道长度以及流体质量比对系统固有频率的影响规律, 重点讨论了管道两端可能形成的非对称支承条件下固有频率的变化规律. 结果表明, 较大的对称支承刚度下管道的第一阶固有频率下降较快; 当管道两端支承刚度变化时, 管道的各阶固有频率在两端支承刚度相等时取得最值; 对于两端非对称支承的管道而言, 两端支承刚度越接近, 第一阶固有频率下降的越快, 而且相应的临界流速越小; 流体的流速越大, 其对两端非对称弹簧支承的管道固有频率的影响更为明显.      

Natural frequencies of nonlinear vibration of axially moving beams

Axially moving beam-typed structures are of technical importance and present in a wide class of engineering problem. In the present paper, natural frequencies of nonlinear planar vibration of axially moving beams are numerically investigated via the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The FFT is a computational tool for efficiently calculating the discrete Fourier transform of a series of data samples by means of digital computers. The governing equations of coupled planar of an axially moving beam are reduced to two nonlinear models of transverse vibration. Numerical schemes are respectively presented for the governing equations via the finite difference method under the simple support boundary condition. In this paper, time series of the discrete Fourier transform is defined as numerically solutions of three nonlinear governing equations, respectively. The standard FFT scheme is used to investigate the natural frequencies of nonlinear free transverse vibration of axially moving beams. The numerical results are compared with the first two natural frequencies of linear free transverse vibration of an axially moving beam. And results indicate that the effect of the nonlinear coefficient on the first natural frequencies of nonlinear free transverse vibration of axially moving beams. The numerical results also illustrate the three models predict qualitatively the same tendencies of the natural frequencies with the changing parameters.     

THE STABILITY OF AN AXIALLY ACCELERATING BEAM ON SIMPLE SUPPORTS WITH TORSION SPRINGS

The axially moving beams on simple supports with torsion springs are studied. The general modal functions of the axially moving beam with constant speed have been obtained from the supporting conditions. The contribution of the spring stiffness to the natural frequencies has been numerically investigated. Transverse stability is also studied for axially moving beams on simple supports with torsion springs. The method of multiple scales is applied to the partialdifferential equation governing the transverse parametric vibration. The stability boundary is derived from the solvability condition. Instability occurs if the axial speed fluctuation frequency is close to the sum of any two natural frequencies or is two fold natural frequency of the unperturbed system. It can be concluded that the spring stiffness makes both the natural frequencies and the instability regions smaller in the axial speed fluctuation frequency-amplitude plane for given mean axial speed and bending stiffness of the beam.     

Dynamic stiffness method for free vibration of an axially moving beam with generalized boundary conditions

Axially moving beams are often discussed with several classic boundary conditions, such as simply-supported ends, fixed ends, and free ends. Here, axially moving beams with generalized boundary conditions are discussed for the first time. The beam is supported by torsional springs and vertical springs at both ends. By modifying the stiffness of the springs, generalized boundaries can replace those classical boundaries.Dynamic stiffness matrices are, respectively, established for axially moving Timoshenko beams and Euler-Bernoulli(EB) beams with generalized boundaries. In order to verify the applicability of the EB model, the natural frequencies of the axially moving Timoshenko beam and EB beam are compared. Furthermore, the effects of constrained spring stiffness on the vibration frequencies of the axially moving beam are studied. Interestingly, it can be found that the critical speed of the axially moving beam does not change with the vertical spring stiffness. In addition, both the moving speed and elastic boundaries make the Timoshenko beam theory more needed. The validity of the dynamic stiffness method is demonstrated by using numerical simulation.     

三种典型轴向运动结构的振动特性对比

轴向运动结构的横向振动一直是动力学领域的研究热点之一.目前大多数的文献只涉及对一种模型的研究,而针对几种模型的对比分析较少.本文对3种典型轴向运动结构(Euler梁、窄板和对边简支对边自由的板)的振动特性进行了对比分析.针对工程中不同的结构参数,本文为其理论研究中选择更加合理的模型提供了参考.通过复模态方法求解了3种模型的控制方程,给出了其相应的固有频率及模态函数.对于板模型,同时考虑了其自由边界的两种刚体位移以及弯扭耦合振动3种情况.通过数值算例给出了3种模型的前四阶固有频率随轴速和长宽比的变化情况,并应用微分求积法对复模态方法得到的解析解进行验证.特别采用三维图的形式分析了不同的轴速、阻尼、刚度和长宽比等参数混合时对3种模型第一阶固有频率的影响,着重研究了窄板和梁的不同的长宽比和轴速混合时对两者的第一阶固有频率的相对误差的影响.结果表明:随着轴速的增大,3种模型的固有频率逐渐减小. 窄板是板的一种简化模型.在各参数值发生变化时,阻尼对第一阶固有频率的影响最小.长宽比很大,轴速很小或为零时,复杂模型可以简化为简单模型.      

Effects of rotary inertia on sub- and super-critical free vibration of an axially moving beam

The most important issue in the vibration study of an engineering system is dynamics modeling. Axially moving continua is often discussed without the inertia produced by the rotation of the continua section. The main goal of this paper is to discover the effects of rotary inertia on the free vibration characteristics of an axially moving beam in the sub-critical and super-critical regime. Specifically, an integro-partial-differential nonlinear equation is modeled for the transverse vibration of the moving beam based on the generalized Hamilton principle. Then the effects of rotary inertia on the natural frequencies, the critical speed, post-buckling vibration frequencies are presented. Two kinds of boundary conditions are also compared. In super-critical speed range, the straight configuration of the axially moving beam loses its stability. The buckling configurations are derived from the corresponding nonlinear static equilibrium equation. Then the natural frequencies of the post-buckling vibration of the super-critical moving beam are calculated by using local linearization theory. By comparing the critical speed and the vibration frequencies in the sub-critical and super-critical regime, the effects of the inertia moment due to beam section rotation are investigated. Several interesting phenomena are disclosed. For examples, without rotary inertia, the study overestimates the stability of the axially moving beam. Moreover, the relative differences between the super-critical fundamental frequencies of the two theories may increase with an increasing beam length.     

Solution of free vibration equations of semi-rigid connected Reddy–Bickford beams resting on elastic soil using the differential transform method

The literature regarding the free vibration analysis of Bernoulli–Euler and Timoshenko beams under various supporting conditions is plenty, but the free vibration analysis of Reddy–Bickford beams with variable cross-section on elastic soil with/without axial force effect using the Differential Transform Method (DTM) has not been investigated by any of the studies in open literature so far. In this study, the free vibration analysis of axially loaded and semi-rigid connected Reddy–Bickford beam with variable cross-section on elastic soil is carried out by using DTM. The model has six degrees of freedom at the two ends, one transverse displacement and two rotations, and the end forces are a shear force and two end moments in this study. The governing differential equations of motion of the rectangular beam in free vibration are derived using Hamilton’s principle and considering rotatory inertia. Parameters for the relative stiffness, stiffness ratio and nondimensionalized multiplication factor for the axial compressive force are incorporated into the equations of motion in order to investigate their effects on the natural frequencies. At first, the terms are found directly from the analytical solutions of the differential equations that describe the deformations of the cross-section according to the high-order theory. After the analytical solution, an efficient and easy mathematical technique called DTM is used to solve the governing differential equations of the motion. The calculated natural frequencies of semi-rigid connected Reddy–Bickford beam with variable cross-section on elastic soil using DTM are tabulated in several tables and figures and are compared with the results of the analytical solution where a very good agreement is observed.     

弹性地基上转动FGM梁自由振动的DTM分析

基于Euler-Bernoulli梁理论,利用广义Hamilton原理推导得到弹性地基上转动功能梯度材料(FGM)梁横向自由振动的运动控制微分方程并进行无量纲化,采用微分变换法(DTM)对无量纲控制微分方程及其边界条件进行变换,计算了弹性地基上转动FGM梁在夹紧-夹紧、夹紧-简支和夹紧-自由三种边界条件下横向自由振动的无量纲固有频率,再将控制微分方程退化到无转动和地基时的FGM梁,计算其不同梯度指数时第一阶无量纲固有频率值,并和已有文献的FEM和Lagrange乘子法计算结果进行比较,数值完全吻合。计算结果表明,三种边界条件下FGM梁的无量纲固有频率随无量纲转速和无量纲弹性地基模量的增大而增大;在一定无量纲转速和无量纲弹性地基模量下,FGM梁的无量纲固有频率随着FGM梯度指数的增大而减小;但在夹紧-简支和夹紧-自由边界条件下,一阶无量纲固有频率几乎不变。     

质量-弹簧装置连接的双梁结构固有频率计算

双梁结构被用作一种新型的减振器来控制梁式结构的振动,在土木、机械和航空航天等工程中受到广泛应用。本文研究了两个平行的轴向功能梯度梁相互连接的双梁结构固有频率的计算问题,在这种双梁结构中,梁的端部受到平移和旋转两种弹性约束,同时,双梁结构通过质量-弹簧装置相互连接。基于Euler-Bernoulli梁的基本理论,将非经典边界条件下双梁结构自由振动固有频率的计算转化为一组常微分方程特征值问题,运用插值矩阵法可一次性计算出双梁结构的所有固有频率。数值算例表明,本文双梁结构量纲为一的固有频率的计算值与已有文献计算结果吻合良好。研究了弹簧刚度、质量系数和梯度参数对双梁系统的影响。数值计算结果表明,随着梯度系数?和悬挂物块的质量系数?的增大,第1阶固有频率?1逐渐减小。