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1.
具有巨大应用潜力的二维材料在纳米技术领域引起了人们极大的研究兴趣.基于第一性原理计算,本文预测了二维六角晶格BaPb体系具有室温量子反常霍尔效应.体系磁基态是铁磁半金属态,并且自旋极化的Pb-p轨道导致体系的时间反演对称性破缺.具有非零Chern数(C=1)的单层BaPb中非平庸拓扑性来源于全自旋极化的p_(x,y)轨道形成的二次型非狄拉克能带.不同于之前报道的p_z轨道形成的狄拉克拓扑态很容易被衬底破坏,p_(x,y)轨道形成的σ键非常稳定.当考虑自旋-轨道耦合作用时,二次型的非狄拉克点打开了接近177.39 meV的非平庸带隙.通过反常霍尔电导、陈数、贝里曲率和边缘态的计算,证实了 BaPb非平庸的拓扑性.此外,体系还表现出每个单元52.01 meV的大磁晶各向异性能.  相似文献   

2.
由于丰富的拓扑量子效应及巨大的潜在应用价值,拓扑材料逐渐成为凝聚态物理前沿的研究材料体系。其中,作为与石墨烯具有相似电子结构的材料,三维拓扑半金属吸引了越来越多的研究兴趣。目前已知的拓扑半金属大多为非磁性的,而磁性拓扑半金属数量有限,与非磁性拓扑半金属相比较,研究开展的还比较少。磁性与拓扑之间的相互作用能够导致非常规的物理性质,如反常霍尔效应甚至量子反常霍尔效应等。此外,在一些具有特殊磁结构的拓扑半金属中,施加外磁场能够调制其自旋结构,从而影响其拓扑能带结构。在该综述中,笔者将详细介绍利用外磁场在EuCd_2Pn_2(Pn=As, Sb)反铁磁半金属材料中通过调制自旋结构从而改变晶体结构对称性来诱导拓扑相变。此外,笔者也将简单介绍包括GdPtBi和MnBi_2Te_4在内的几个相关材料。该综述中讨论的外磁场调控的磁交换诱导的拓扑相变不仅有望应用于拓扑器件,也有助于为理解磁性与拓扑态之间的紧密关联提供新的线索,对于设计新的磁性拓扑材料有启发意义。综述最后,笔者对发展磁性拓扑半金属做了一些简单展望。  相似文献   

3.
由于丰富的拓扑量子效应及巨大的潜在应用价值,拓扑材料逐渐成为凝聚态物理前沿的研究材料体系。其中,作为与石墨烯具有相似电子结构的材料,三维拓扑半金属吸引了越来越多的研究兴趣。目前已知的拓扑半金属大多为非磁性的,而磁性拓扑半金属数量有限,与非磁性拓扑半金属相比较,研究开展的还比较少。磁性与拓扑之间的相互作用能够导致非常规的物理性质,如反常霍尔效应甚至量子反常霍尔效应等。此外,在一些具有特殊磁结构的拓扑半金属中,施加外磁场能够调制其自旋结构,从而影响其拓扑能带结构。在该综述中,笔者将详细介绍利用外磁场在 EuCd2Pn2 (Pn = As, Sb) 反铁磁半金属材料中通过调制自旋结构从而改变晶体结构对称性来诱导拓扑相变。此外,笔者也将简单介绍包括 GdPtBi 和 MnBi2Te4 在内的几个相关材料。该综述中讨论的外磁场调控的磁交换诱导的拓扑相变不仅有望应用于拓扑器件,也有助于为理解磁性与拓扑态之间的紧密关联提供新的线索,对于设计新的磁性拓扑材料有启发意义。综述最后,笔者对发展磁性拓扑半金属做了一些简单展望。  相似文献   

4.
层状磁性材料与拓扑材料的交汇点同时结合了二者的优势,形成了在最小二维单元下同时具有磁序和拓扑性的材料体系,即层状磁性拓扑材料.这类材料的电子结构中可能存在狄拉克点、外尔点、节线等具有螺旋性或手性的拓扑电子态,同时涵盖了绝缘体、半金属和金属等的材料分类,导致新物性、新现象成为可能,因此引起了广泛的关注.本文主要以具有层状结构的本征磁性拓扑绝缘体、磁性外尔半金属、磁性狄拉克半金属等为例简要综述磁序与拓扑序之间的相互作用和近期部分的重要实验结果.此交叉材料领域方兴未艾,候选材料仍然非常缺乏,亟待进一步的开发和研究,是当前一个富有挑战的凝聚态物理前沿.  相似文献   

5.
龚士静  段纯刚 《物理学报》2015,64(18):187103-187103
自旋轨道耦合是电子自旋与轨道相互作用的桥梁, 它提供了利用外电场来调控电子的轨道运动、进而调控电子自旋状态的可能. 固体材料中有很多有趣的物理现象, 例如磁晶各向异性、自旋霍尔效应、拓扑绝缘体等, 都与自旋轨道耦合密切相关. 在表面/界面体系中, 由于结构反演不对称导致的自旋轨道耦合称为Rashba自旋轨道耦合, 它最早在半导体材料中获得研究, 并因其强度可由栅电压灵活调控而备受关注, 成为电控磁性的重要物理基础之一. 继半导体材料后, 金属表面成为具有Rashba自旋轨道耦合作用的又一主流体系. 本文以Au(111), Bi(111), Gd(0001)等为例综述了磁性与非磁性金属表面Rashba自旋轨道耦合的研究进展, 讨论了表面电势梯度、原子序数、表面态波函数的对称性, 以及表面态中轨道杂化等因素对金属表面Rashba自旋轨道耦合强度的影响. 在磁性金属表面, 同时存在Rashba自旋轨道耦合作用与磁交换作用, 通过Rashba自旋轨道耦合可能实现电场对磁性的调控. 最后, 阐述了外加电场和表面吸附等方法对金属表面Rashba自旋轨道耦合的调控. 基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算和角分辨光电子能谱测量是金属表面Rashba自旋轨道耦合的两大主要研究方法, 本文综述了这两方面的研究结果, 对金属表面Rashba自旋轨道耦合进行了深入全面的总结和分析.  相似文献   

6.
陈艳丽  彭向阳  杨红  常胜利  张凯旺  钟建新 《物理学报》2014,63(18):187303-187303
运用第一性原理方法,研究了拓扑绝缘体Bi_2Se_3块体和薄膜中的层堆垛对其结构、电子态、拓扑态和自旋劈裂的影响.发现不同的堆垛会引起Bi_2Se_3层间的相互作用,改变系统的中心对称性.块体的ABC和AAA堆垛都具有中心对称性和相似的能带结构.ABA堆垛破坏了体系的中心对称性,能带发生很大改变,并且产生了很大的能带自旋劈裂.用能带反转的方法判定体系的拓扑相,在不同堆垛的Bi_2Se_3块体中,考虑自旋轨道耦合时都发生了能带反转,因而具有不同堆垛的Bi2Se3仍是拓扑绝缘体.进一步研究了Bi_2Se_3薄膜中的堆垛效应,发现非中心对称的ABA堆垛在Bi_2Se_3薄膜中引起明显的自旋劈裂,并且提出和验证了用应变调控自旋劈裂的方法.  相似文献   

7.
王欢  贺夏瑶  李帅  刘博 《物理学报》2023,(10):130-137
研究了在二维自旋-轨道耦合的相互作用超冷玻色气体中存在一维光晶格时,超流条纹相到超固相的非平衡动力学.通过研究这一动力学过程中的缺陷(位相空间中的涡旋)及波函数的变化行为,利用涡旋数及波函数的交叠等描述方法,确定了考虑光晶格深度随时间线性变化的量子淬火动力学过程的转变时间.发现在转变时间之前,体系对于淬火过程没有响应.当演化时间超过转变时间后,系统开始迅速响应,涡旋数及体系的波函数开始迅速变化.当演化时间足够长时,系统将达到稳态.另外还发现,在上述动力学过程中,由于体系中自旋-轨道耦合的存在,系统在空间中的密度分布与自旋在空间中的结构始终相伴生,即具有拓扑结构的磁斯格明子(反斯格明子)的中心位置始终与体系密度分布的极小值位置相对应.  相似文献   

8.
拓扑电子材料因为具有非平庸的拓扑态,所以会展现出许多奇异的物理性质.本文通过第一性原理计算对应变调控下的烧绿石三元氧化物Tl2Ta2O7中的拓扑相变进行了研究.首先分析了原子轨道投影能带,发现体系费米能级附近O原子的(px+py)与pz轨道发生了能带反转,再构造了紧束缚模型计算得到体系的Z2拓扑不变量确定了其拓扑非平庸性,最后研究了表面态等拓扑性质.研究发现未施加应变的Tl2Ta2O7是一个在费米能级处具有二次能带交叉点的半金属,而平面内应变会破缺晶体对称性进而使体系发生拓扑相变.当对体系施加–1%的压缩应变时,它会转变为狄拉克半金属;当对体系施加1%的拉伸应变时,体系相变为拓扑绝缘体.本研究对于在三维材料中调控拓扑相变有着较重要的指导意义,并且为低能耗电子器件的设计提供了良好的材料平台.  相似文献   

9.
<正>近年来,得益于拓扑物理理论和二维材料制备的迅速发展,以量子自旋霍尔绝缘体为代表的二维拓扑材料的研究受到热切关注~([1, 2])。早在2005年前后,理论表明在二维材料体系如石墨烯~([3])和HgTe量子阱体系~([4])中由于自旋轨道耦合作用而存在拓扑量子自旋霍尔效应。然而石墨烯中的碳是轻元素,自旋轨道作用非常微弱,所以其拓扑  相似文献   

10.
孟康康  赵旭鹏  苗君  徐晓光  赵建华  姜勇 《物理学报》2018,67(13):131202-131202
在铁磁/非磁金属异质结中,界面处的Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用会诱导诸如磁性斯格明子等手性磁畴壁结构的形成.当巡游电子通过手性磁畴壁结构时,会获得一个贝里相位,而相应的贝里曲率则等效于一个外磁场,它将诱导额外的霍尔效应,即拓扑霍尔效应.拓扑霍尔效应是当前磁性斯格明子和自旋电子学研究领域的热点之一.本文由实空间贝里相位出发,简要介绍了拓扑霍尔效应的物理机制;然后着重讨论了铁磁/非磁金属异质结中的拓扑霍尔效应,包括磁性多层膜中和MnGa/重金属双层膜中的拓扑霍尔效应.这两种结构都可以通过改变材料的厚度、种类、生长方式等调控界面Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用,从而有效地调控磁性斯格明子和拓扑霍尔效应.  相似文献   

11.
Topological semimetals are a new type of matter with one-dimensional Fermi lines or zero-dimensional Weyl or Dirac points in momentum space. Here using first-principles calculations, we find that the non-centrosymmetric PbTaS2 is a topological nodal line semimetal. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling(SOC), one band inversion happens around a high symmetrical H point, which leads to forming a nodal line. The nodal line is robust and protected against gap opening by mirror reflection symmetry even with the inclusion of strong SOC. In addition, it also hosts exotic drumhead surface states either inside or outside the projected nodal ring depending on surface termination. The robust bulk nodal lines and drumhead-like surface states with SOC in PbTaS_2 make it a potential candidate material for exploring the freakish properties of the topological nodal line fermions in condensed matter systems.  相似文献   

12.
方辰  翁红明  戴希  方忠 《中国物理 B》2016,25(11):117106-117106
We review the recent,mainly theoretical,progress in the study of topological nodal line semimetals in three dimensions.In these semimetals,the conduction and the valence bands cross each other along a one-dimensional curve in the three-dimensional Brillouin zone,and any perturbation that preserves a certain symmetry group(generated by either spatial symmetries or time-reversal symmetry) cannot remove this crossing line and open a full direct gap between the two bands.The nodal line(s) is hence topologically protected by the symmetry group,and can be associated with a topological invariant.In this review,(ⅰ) we enumerate the symmetry groups that may protect a topological nodal line;(ⅱ) we write down the explicit form of the topological invariant for each of these symmetry groups in terms of the wave functions on the Fermi surface,establishing a topological classification;(ⅲ) for certain classes,we review the proposals for the realization of these semimetals in real materials;(ⅳ) we discuss different scenarios that when the protecting symmetry is broken,how a topological nodal line semimetal becomes Weyl semimetals,Dirac semimetals,and other topological phases;and(ⅴ) we discuss the possible physical effects accessible to experimental probes in these materials.  相似文献   

13.
Xin-Ke Liu 《中国物理 B》2022,31(12):127203-127203
The search for two-dimensional (2D) nodal ring semimetallic materials is a current research hotspot in spintronics, and designing a 2D nodal ring (NR) material with high Curie temperature ($T_{\mathrm{C}})$ and strong robustness to spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is an even greater challenge. Here, based on the first-principles calculations and symmetry analysis, we predict that 2D Mn$_{2}$N$_{3}$ is a nodal ring semimetal (NRSM) with three energy bands near the Fermi energy level consisting of electrons in the same spin channel. An electron-like energy band and two hole-like energy bands near the Fermi plane cross to form two NRs centered at the point $\varGamma $. Symmetry analysis shows that the spin-polarized NR semimetal is robust to SOC due to the conservation of horizontal mirror symmetry. Monte-Carlo simulations further demonstrate that the $T_{\mathrm{C}}$ of the 2D Mn$_{2}$N$_{3}$ reaches 530 K, well above the room temperature. Notably, the 2D Mn$_{2}$N$_{3}$ remains an NRSM on h-BN substrate. Our results not only reveal a general framework for designing 2D NR materials, but also promote further research in the direction of multifunctional quantum devices for spintronics.  相似文献   

14.
Topological semimetals are newly discovered states of quantum matter, which have extended the concept of topological states from insulators to metals and attracted great research interest in recent years. In general, there are three kinds of topological semimetals, namely Dirac semimetals, Weyl semimetals, and nodal line semimetals. Nodal line semimetals can be considered as precursor states for other topological states. For example, starting from such nodal line states, the nodal line structure might evolve into Weyl points, convert into Dirac points, or become a topological insulator by introducing the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) or mass term. In this review paper, we introduce theoretical materials that show the nodal line semimetal state, including the all-carbon Mackay–Terrones crystal (MTC), anti-perovskite Cu3PdN, pressed black phosphorus, and the CaP3 family of materials, and we present the design principles for obtaining such novel states of matter.  相似文献   

15.
It has recently been demonstrated that various topological states, including Dirac, Weyl, nodal-line, and triplepoint semimetal phases, can emerge in antiferromagnetic(AFM) half-Heusler compounds. However, how to determine the AFM structure and to distinguish different topological phases from transport behaviors remains unknown. We show that, due to the presence of combined time-reversal and fractional translation symmetry, the recently proposed second-order nonlinear Hall effect can be used to characterize different topological phases with various AFM configurations. Guided by the symmetry analysis, we obtain expressions of the Berry curvature dipole for different AFM configurations. Based on the effective model, we explicitly calculate the Berry curvature dipole, which is found to be vanishingly small for the triple-point semimetal phase, and large in the Weyl semimetal phase. Our results not only put forward an effective method for the identification of magnetic orders and topological phases in AFM half-Heusler materials, but also suggest these materials as a versatile platform for engineering the nonlinear Hall effect.  相似文献   

16.
Based on first principles calculations and the K·p effective model, we propose that alkali metal deposition on the surface of hexagonal XN2 (X= Cr, Mo, W) nanosheets induces topologically nontrivial phases in these systems. When spin orbit coupling (SOC) is disregarded, the electron-like conduction band from N-pz orbitals can be considered to cross the hole-like valence band from X-d2z orbitals, thereby giving rise to a topological nodal line state in lithium-functionalized XN2 sheets (Li2MoN2 and Li2WN2). Such band crossing is protected by the existence of mirror reflection and time reversal symmetry. More interestingly, the bands cross exactly at the Fermi level, and the linear dispersion regions of such band crossings extend to as high as 0.9 eV above the crossing. For Li2CrN2, the results reveal the emergence of a Dirac cone at the Fermi level. Our calculations show that lattice compression decreases the thickness of a Li2CrN2 nanosheet, leading to phase transition to a nodal line semimetal. The evolution of the band gap of Li2XN2 at the Γ point indicates that the nontrivial topological character of Li2XN2 nanolayers is stable over a large strain range. When SOC is included, the band crossing point is gapped out giving rise to quantum spin Hall states in Li2CrN2 nanosheets, while for Li2MoN2, the SOC-induced gap at the crossing points is negligible.  相似文献   

17.
《Physics letters. A》2020,384(17):126375
Based on the first-principle calculations and k⋅p effective model analysis, we predicted a new topological semimetal (TSM) MgBi2O6. Without spin-orbit-coupling (SOC) and under the generalized-gradient-approximation (GGA), MgBi2O6 is a nodal-line semimetal. When the exchange-correlation energy was changed to HSE06, MgBi2O6 was trivial insulator in the equilibrium volume, but it became TSM under 7% hydrostatic tensile strain. MgBi2O6 might be an important platform to study the topological properties because of the two following advantages for measurements: (1) The nodal line, drumhead-liked surface state and Fermi Arc are very closely to the Fermi level; (2) The band structure is very “clean” (no other bulk bands except the related inverted conduction and valence bands around the Fermi level), which avoids the surface states been embedded into the bulk states.  相似文献   

18.
喻祥敏  谭新生  于海峰  于扬 《物理学报》2018,67(22):220302-220302
近年来,探索新的拓扑量子材料、研究拓扑材料的新奇物理性质成为凝聚态物理领域的一个热点.但是,由于合成、测量等手段的限制,人们难以在真实材料中实现和观测很多理论预言的材料及其物理性质,促使量子模拟日益成为研究量子多体系统的一个重要手段.作为全固态器件,超导量子电路是一个在扩展性、集成性、调控性上都具有巨大优势的人工量子系统,是实现量子模拟的重要方案.本文总结了利用超导量子电路对时间-空间反演对称性保护的拓扑半金属、Hopf-link半金属和Maxwell半金属等拓扑材料的量子模拟,显示出超导量子电路在模拟凝聚态物理系统方面具有广阔前景.  相似文献   

19.
Wen-Rong Liu 《中国物理 B》2022,31(3):37305-037305
The two-dimensional (2D) materials with nodal line band crossing have been attracting great research interest. However, it remains a challenge to find high-stable nodal line structure in 2D systems. Herein, based on the first-principles calculations and theoretical analysis, we propose that monolayer B6O possesses symmetry protected Dirac nodal line (DNL) state, with its Fermi velocity of 106 m/s in the same order of magnitude as that of graphene. The origin of DNL fermions is induced by coexistence of time-reversal symmetry and inversion symmetry. A two-band tight-binding model is further given to understand the mechanism of DNL. Considering its robustness against spin—orbit coupling (SOC) and high structural stability, these results suggest monolayer B6O as a new platform for realizing future high-speed low-dissipation devices.  相似文献   

20.
The gapless Weyl superfluid has been widely studied in the three-dimensional ultracold fermionic superfluid.In contrast to Weyl superfluid, there exists another kind of gapless superfluid with topologically protected nodal lines,which can be regarded as the superfluid counterpart of nodal line semimetal in the condensed matter physics, just as Weyl superfluid with Weyl semimetal. In this paper we study the ground states of the cold fermionic gases in cubic optical lattices with one-dimensional spin-orbit coupling and transverse Zeeman field and map out the topological phase diagram of the system. We demonstrate that in addition to a fully gapped topologically trivial phase, some different nodal line superfluid phases appear when the Zeeman field is adjusted. The presence of topologically stable nodal lines implies the dispersionless zero-energy flat band in a finite region of the surface Brillouin zone. Experimentally these nodal line superfluid states can be detected via the momentum-resolved radio-frequency spectroscopy. The nodal line topological superfluid provide fertile grounds for exploring exotic quantum matters in the context of ultracold atoms.  相似文献   

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