Lensed plastic optical fiber employing hyperbolic end filled with high-index resin using electrostatic force

The step-index (SI) and graded-index (GI) plastic optical fibers (POFs) are strong candidates for short-distance transmission, fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) networks, automobile applications and interchip interconnections. The GI POFs which has been proven to reach distances as long as 1 km at 1.25 Gb/s has a relatively low NA. Therefore, the efficient coupling of GI POFs to the light source has become critical to the power budget in the system. Forming a lens-like structure directly on the fiber end is preferred for simplicity of fabrication and packaging, such as polishing and fusion, combing different fibers with the cascaded fiber method and hydroflouride (HF) chemical etching. These approaches are well established, but applicable only to glass. This work proposes a novel structure of a lensed plastic optical fiber (LPOF). The fabrication of the LPOF is demonstrated and the coupling efficiency exceeds 72%.     

用于高速数据传输的微透镜模块设计及评价

针对英特尔光峰技术提出了一种非球面微透镜模块的光学优化设计及评价方法.该非球面微透镜模块可经由GGP多模光纤应用于高速数据的传输,非球面微透镜的直径为800μm,数值孔径为0.275.借助光学设计软件Code V及LightTools进行仿真,评估了微透镜模块制造及组装的公差对系统耦合效率的影响,同时考虑了一些影响光功...     

塑料光学元件制造

由于光学塑料具有许多杰出的优点 ,因而在照相机、光盘、投影镜头、眼镜等方面获得了日益广泛的应用。塑料光学元件的关键制造技术是模具设计和制造、选择合适的注塑设备、最佳的工艺参数等。为了制作以光盘物镜为代表的高精度非球面塑料透镜 ,就应采用注射压缩工艺抑制变形的成形技术 ,辅之以考虑变形而补偿模具的成形技术。     

基于光斑旋转位移光纤传感器的多点监控

为了实现位移传感器的多点监控,设计了5个光纤环组成的光纤传感器,通过减小其中1个光纤环的半径使光纤出射端获得双光斑,当其他4个的任意1个光纤环在外力的作用下产生形变时,会使出射双光斑发生旋转,通过记录和分析4个光纤环形变和输出双光斑的旋转角度之间的关系,获得周围环境人员流动情况。实验表明,光斑旋转角度与传感器位移在一定范围内存在良好的线性响应关系,该传感器可以有效地应用于实际的多点监控中。     

A lensed fiber workstation based on the elastic polishing plate method

Integrated coupling between laser source (such as laser diodes, LD’s) and single-mode fibers (SMFs) is one of the most important and fundamental techniques of optical communications. Lensed fibers have desirable features for the coupling scheme, such as compactness, simplicity, stability, and freedom from bulky lenses. However, the high precision lens geometry is required for lensed fibers. In this study, we present a lensed fiber fabrication workstation based on the elastic polishing plate mechanism. A theoretical model was also proposed in order to simulate the fiber lapping condition. The results show that the lensed fiber’s dome radius is mainly controlled by the accumulated lapping time, Preston’s coefficient, and selection of rubber pad material. The lapping time control is demonstrated as a preferred working parameter and thus is implemented in our fiber workstation.     

塑料光纤微透镜耦合平头发光二极管

为了有效耦合平头发光二极管(LED),使用机械方法加工了锥球面塑料光纤(POF)微透镜。平头发光二极管由圆头发光二极管打磨掉聚光帽制得,其出光端面与芯片距离小于0.5mm。锥球面塑料光纤微透镜用数控机床加工制得。采用光线追迹法对耦合模型进行了分析。实验优化了锥球面光纤微透镜的参数、锥角、小球半径、工作距离和单端/双端模式,并理论分析了双端锥球面微透镜耦合的实验结果。当双端锥球面光纤微透镜锥角为140°、小球半径为0.15mm时,可带来20.4%的耦合效率增益。所用加工方法有利于微透镜参数优化,具有较好的加工精度和重现性,可以用于制作塑料光纤微透镜。     

光纤触发式测头及其性能测试研究

为解决三坐标测量机等精密仪器在被测工件表面数据点的采样问题,将光电技术和数字信号处理(DSP)技术应用到光纤触发式测头的研制中。分析了光纤触发式测头的工作原理;当光束照射到球的表面,随意入射角的变化,耦合入分布在发射光纤周围接收光纤的光强也会发生变化,基于这一现象,在接收光纤末端利用硅PIN光电二极管将光强的变化转化为电信号,在信号预处理之后,进行了多路信号模数转换;然后,利用DSP对采集到的多路信号进行运算处理,当运算结果达到设定阈值时发出触发脉冲信号;最后,通过实验对测头的预行程变动量和单向重复性精度进行了测试,实验测定该测头的预行程变动量为0.97μm,单向重复性精度为0.42μm。研究结果表明,该光纤触发式测头具有一定的实用性。     

基于CO2激光的微纳光纤熔接技术研究

为了解决微纳光纤之间的结构稳定性差的问题,使用CO_2激光作为加热源,加热两根重叠在一起的微纳光纤,并在显微镜下观察其熔接情况,最终将两根微纳光纤熔接成一根,而且熔接点的光纤表面光滑,直径均匀。通过CO_2激光加热的方法,实现了微纳光纤高质量的熔接,增加了微纳光纤之间的机械稳定性,使其更容易制作出纳米光子器件。     

Interference of selective higher-order modes in optical fibers

1IntroductionIn recent years,multimode interference(MMI)effectsin integrated optics have attracted enormous research atten-tion and MMI-based devices with various functionalities,in-cluding directional couplers,powersplitters,sensors,modu-lators,bistable lasers,and optical switches,have been dem-onstrated[1-4].The obvious advantages of the MMI-based de-vices are their compact size,large fabrication tolerance,andlow-cost.MMI is becoming a promising technique in opticalcommutations,optical s…     

基于表面开孔光纤的集成式亚硝酸盐微流荧光传感器

利用中空悬挂芯光纤研制了一种将荧光猝灭反应区建立在空心光纤内部的光纤集成荧光在线微流传感器。利用CO2激光器在光纤表面刻蚀微孔,使得试剂可由微孔注入光纤内部并混合形成稳定的微流。在悬挂芯光纤纤芯倏逝场的激发下,指示剂分子产生荧光,所产生的荧光被耦合到纤芯内部并在出射端被检测。文中利用光纤内部的荧光猝灭反应实验确定了亚硝酸盐溶液的浓度。结果显示:微流可在短时间通过光纤,传感器能以较快的速度检测溶液浓度。另外,当亚硝酸盐溶液的浓度为0.1~2.6mmol/L时,荧光猝灭程度与溶液浓度呈较好的线性关系,结果证明了该集成式光纤内微流控传感器方案用于微量荧光检测的可行性。     

由正交傅里叶-梅林矩定位的双光纤耦合微内尺度测量

为了解决微内尺度的精密测量问题,提出了一种基于正交傅里叶-梅林矩(OFMM’s)定位的双光纤耦合瞄准触发式微内尺度测量方法。该方法通过耦合器实现光能量在不同光纤间的反向传输,把双光纤传感器测头的横向位移量转化为光束的偏转量,通过显微成像系统把此偏转量转化为CCD图像捕捉系统更大的横向位移量。为提高测量精度,运用OFMM’s的幅值旋转不变性和独特的图像形状细节特征的描述能力对CCD图像捕捉系统的图像信号进行亚像素定位;根据OFMM’s的实际位置进行补偿以提高输出图像边缘的定位精度,从而提高测量精度。对OFMM’s的定位精度及传感器性能进行了实验验证,并依据JJF(黑)8-2008,利用自行研制的微小孔径测量机实现了对直径为200μm、深2 000μm深盲孔的直径测量,其测量重复性不确定度优于0.25μm。     

法布里-珀罗型光纤应变干涉仪

光纤传感技术是现代通信的产物,是随着光纤及通信技术的发展而逐步发展起来的一门崭新技术。光在传输过程中,光纤易受到外界环境的影响,如温度、压力等,从而导致传输光的强度、相位、频率、偏振态等光波量发生变化。通过监测这些量的变化可以获得相应的物理量。详细介绍了一种常用的干涉型光纤传感器——法布里-珀罗（F-P）光纤应变干涉仪。     

Monitoring of the concrete curing process using plastic optical fibers

In this paper we propose the application of plastic optical fiber to monitor the concrete curing process.The proposed method is based in the scattering of the propagated optical signal in grooves imposed to the fiber. By monitoring the intensity of the transmitted light signal, along time, we can determine the cement setting rate along all the curing period. The obtained results show that the system has enough sensitivity to analyze a curing period of 28 days, where the received optical power is 5% of the initial value.     

锥形光纤的调制特性研究

将通信光纤的末端拉制成锥形能实现光纤之间的耦合,在锥形光纤耦合系统中,载波(被信号所调制的光波-光脉冲)在经过锥形光纤耦合后(连接与分束)其脉冲变化特性对锥形光纤通讯系统是十分重要的。在实验上检测了锥形光纤中光脉冲的调制特性,并从理论上引入脉冲归一化振幅,讨论色散和非线性效应对脉冲的影响,得出光脉冲在经过锥形光纤耦合传输后其形状保持不变的结论。     

High precision optical fiber alignment using tube laser bending

In this paper, we present a method to align optical fibers within 0.2 μm of the optimal position, using tube laser bending and in situ measuring of the coupling efficiency. For near-UV wavelengths, passive alignment of the fibers with respect to the waveguides on photonic integrated circuit chips does not suffice. In prior research, it was shown that permanent position adjustments to an optical fiber by tube laser bending meets the accuracy requirements for this application. This iterative alignment can be done after any assembly steps. A method was developed previously that selects the optimal laser power and laser spot position on the tube, to minimize the number of iterations required to reach the target position. In this paper, that method is extended to the case where the absolute position of the fiber tip cannot be measured. By exploiting the thermal expansion motion at a relatively low laser power, the fiber tip can be moved without permanent deformation (only elastic strain) of the tube. An algorithm has been developed to search for the optimal fiber position, by actively measuring and maximizing the coupling efficiency. This search is performed before each bending step. Experiments have shown that it is possible to align the fiber with an accuracy of 0.2 μm using this approach.     

约束抽样Hough变换的光纤端面精确定位

为提高经光纤传输后光束方向的稳定性,提出了一种新的光纤端面精确定位方法。该方法针对光纤端面光能量中强模间噪声干扰的特点建立了约束抽样Hough变换,可实现对噪声的去除和对轮廓的准确提取,并根据轮廓的特征把特征点分为基元类和噪声类,对两类点分别进行约束抽样Hough变换,可显著减少存储所需要的内存空间,有效抑制噪声对轮廓的干扰,准确得到属于轮廓的特征点。根据各特征点对轮廓的贡献,采用弦长加权拟合法对轮廓点进行处理,从而得到轮廓的中心位置。实验结果表明,该方法对光纤端面的定位不确定度优于0.2 pixel,成像物镜放大倍数为10时,定位不确定度优于0.4 μm。     

Airbag tool polishing for aspherical glass lens molds

This paper presents a novel airbag tool polishing technique for small aspherical glass lens molds. For a mold material such as tungstencarbide, an ultra-precise grinding technique is used to generate the aspherical surface. However, the residual tool marks of the spiral pattern and scratch unavoidably develop on the mold surface. Therefore, post-polishing is required to obtain the optical surface. Footprinting by the superposition method without trajectory control was applied to polish the finely ground aspherical lens mold. A white light interferometer confirmed the tool mark removal effect. The final surface roughness was Ra 2nm. Microscopic observation also showed a cleaner surface without scratches.     

锥形光纤在空间光通信耦合系统中的应用

为了提高自由空间光通信的接收端耦合效率,将锥形光纤应用于光耦合,依据BPM算法的仿真结果使用熔融拉锥法制备了满足低损传输条件的锥形光纤。在实验上研究了锥形光纤和双锥形光纤模场传输特性。通过静态空间光-光纤耦合实验,对比了多/单模熔接光纤和锥形光纤光耦合效率和传输效率的差异,并研究了以上两种光纤结构耦合效率的横向偏移量容差。结果表明,锥形光纤的传输效率约为70%,具有低损传输特性、用于匹配后端单模光电子器件的良好滤波特性以及相比普通光纤更高的横向偏移量容差特性,因此可以广泛应用于自由空间光通信接收端光耦合、模式转换器等方面。     

老化处理对塑料光纤传感器光传输及灵敏度的影响

为了提高正规包层-纤芯类倏逝波塑料光纤传感器的灵敏度,本文对传感器敏感区在真空和水浴中进行了老化处理。老化处理时,先将光纤部分区域的保护层去除;然后将这种裸光纤作为传感器的敏感区,对其进行真空和蒸馏水老化处理。对比研究了传感器敏感区经真空和蒸馏水老化不同时间后的光传输特性及灵敏度,分析了老化处理对传感器光传输特性与灵敏度的影响机理。研究表明:老化处理后,塑料光纤纤芯折射率及材料成分发生了变化,由此改变了光纤内部光传输模式及光纤表面有效倏逝场透射深度与传播长度,从而降低了传感器的光传输性能。传感器对葡萄糖溶液的灵敏度随着老化时间的延长先增大后减少,在真空中105℃老化处理20min后的灵敏度达到最高-0.004 2/g·(100mL)-1,高于蒸馏水老化处理后的传感器灵敏度。研究结果对高灵敏度正规包层-纤芯类塑料光纤倏逝波传感器的研制提供了技术支撑。     

采用硅V型槽的一维光纤阵列的研制

阐述了一维光纤阵列的研制方法,分析了V型槽法中硅V型槽腐蚀机理,计算了V型槽的开口及间距与光纤半径及纤芯截面圆心距的关系,给出了最小槽深与光纤半径及V型槽开口的关系式。用各向异性腐蚀技术制作了硅V型槽,比较了紫外及红外粘接剂的性能,进行了光纤的排列、粘接及抛光,制作出一维光纤阵列。用原子力显微镜测量光纤阵列表面粗糙度为纳米量级,用ZYGO数字干涉仪检测光纤的端头位置误差为3~5 μm。该项工作为二维光纤阵列的高精度制备奠定了基础。