基于旋翼负压混合吸附的爬壁清洗机器人系统动力学性能研究

针对爬壁清洗机器人越障时,负压装置的吸附力下降导致吸附不稳定的问题,设计了一种旋翼负压混合吸附工作的多边形履带清洗机器人,并对爬行稳定性及越障性能进行了动力学分析。首先根据机器人爬壁的运动原理,建立机器人沿玻璃幕墙上的动力学模型,计算出电机理论驱动力矩;其次分析机器人在跨越障碍过程中的运动模型,结合与壁面接触的实际受力状态,对越障过程中关键阶段的本体倾翻、滑移两种失效形式进行运动学和动力学分析;然后根据玻璃幕墙实际的障碍高度,确定多边形履带的参数和理论驱动力矩的大小,并研制了实验样机进行爬行和越障试验,结果表明所设计的机器人具有良好的越障性能。     

摆臂轮式机器人越障过程建模及仿真

为解决在城市灾难现场,很多狭窄空间搜救人员无法进入的难题,充分利用搜救过程中轮式机器人的越障能力,首先对小型可分离式机器人进行了结构设计,并进行了越障过程的理论分析,然后使用Matlab对机器人的越障过程进行了运动学和静力学仿真。仿真和实验结果验证了电机驱动力矩、机器人主体与摆臂长度的比例及障碍物高度等之间的关系,为研究小型机器人在复杂环境中的越障能力提供理论依据。     

轮足式风电机爬壁机器人的设计与分析

为解决人工维护风电机施工难度高、效率低、劳动强度大等问题，基于爬壁机器人研究现状，提出了轮足式4吸盘风电机爬壁机器人的机械本体结构方案。采用Creo软件对机器人的前后吸盘、三腔星轮式吸盘及前后叉架等进行机械结构设计，借助CAD软件对机器人翻越内直角时各种运动姿态进行分析；建立数学模型，通过MATLAB软件对计算结果进行仿真分析，得出防止机器人滑落的最小安全吸附力；运用ADAMS软件对爬壁机器人虚拟模型进行运动学分析，同时应用爬壁机器人样机进行运动试验予以验证。结果表明：爬壁机器人能够在最小安全吸附力条件下，完成机器人单一曲面越障及翻越内直角时越障的运动要求，从而得出轮足式4吸盘风电机爬壁机器人设计方案可行，为后续研究提供有益参考借鉴。     

仿生六足机器人机构设计及驱动系统研究

在抗震救灾工作中,由于外部环境的恶劣和复杂,使得整个救援工作变得艰难和缓慢。因此,基于在特种环境中工作的六足机器人,设计了一种可应用于大负载、高越障能力的六足机器人机构,旨在顺利有效地协助开展救援工作。首先,针对六足机器人的运动特点,设计机器人的腿部关节配置和三维模型,并采用双液压缸驱动增大机器人的驱动力矩。其次,根据模块化设计思路,完成单腿目标的详细机械设计。最后,根据机器人的运动控制要求,采用Arduino UNO的开源硬件平台搭建主要的控制电路,并使用增量式的PID算法对电机进行PWM调速控制,得到机器人稳定的运动控制系统。实践表明,对六足机器人的设计和对控制系统的研究,在工程应用中具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

一种新型磁吸附爬壁机器人的研制

设计了一种壁面吸附爬行机器人,实现了机器人壁面转向、蠕动、交叉面跨越等功能,而且比其他爬壁机器人尺寸较小、质量更轻。该机器人应用了一种新机构,实现了单电机分时驱动双关节独立运动。分析了该机器人的运动学特性,包括运动学的正逆解以及壁面过渡的策略,简述了吸附足的设计,并对吸附足进行力学建模及分析,对壁面过渡策略进行了运动学验证仿真。样机实验验证表明该机器人达到了预期设计效果。     

轮足混合式行走机器人运动学建模与仿真

结合足式机器人与轮式机器人的优点,提出了一种基于2(6-UPUR+3P)混联腿的轮足混合式行走机器人构型,并对该机器人进行了运动学建模与仿真分析.基于螺旋理论建立机器人并联腿部单支链的六维运动螺旋系,基于此得到1阶影响系数矩阵,进而推导出6-UPUR并联腿部的运动学模型;提出了机器人机身姿态调整算法,改善了机器人在静态步行步态下机身运动的平稳性;用Matlab算例仿真与Adams仿真对比验证得出运动学模型的正确性,用Adams/Simulink联合仿真验证得出机身姿态调整策略的有效性,为进一步进行轮足混合式行走机器人控制系统的设计奠定基础.     

基于足端轨迹的仿生四足机器人运动学分析与步态规划

设计了一种电驱动四足仿生机器人,构造了具有主被动自由度、基于电动缸驱动的机器人腿部关节结构。对机器人进行运动学建模,并借助其运动学模型进行机器人正逆运动学计算,求解出了机器人腿部各个关节的转角函数。针对四足机器人的行走特点,提出一种四足机器人步态规划方法。经过对机构几何关系的分析计算,得到腿部各个关节电动缸位移量驱动函数。仿真实验结果表明,四足机器人在该种算法下可实现连续平稳的行走,初步验证了所提轨迹规划方法、步态及机构设计的合理性和有效性。     

适用于月面极端地形的爬-滚机器人设计及爬行滚动特性分析

面向月面极端环境科学探测任务,提出一种兼有快速通过性和良好环境适应性的爬行滚动一体化机器人设计方案,通过机器人6条腿的形态变化,使机器人具有爬行和滚动两种运动模式.在对爬-滚机器人构型分析的基础上,建立了单腿正逆运动学模型,以运动学为基础,基于足端轨迹规划设计了爬行模式下机器人直行、原地转向步态;结合非结构地形的特殊性,通过尺寸和力约束条件分析了机器人滚动模式下的最大爬坡角和最大越障高度.基于ADAMS软件对机器人爬行模式直行、原地转向,滚动模式爬坡、越障等运动行为进行了模拟,并搭建了机器人移动试验平台,对机器人样机在实验室环境中进行了测试,仿真和试验结果表明机器人在爬行模式下具有良好的移动性能,在滚动模式下具有一定的爬坡和越障能力,爬行、滚动模式运动特性分析能准确地评价机器人性能,证明了该设计方案的适用性和可行性,为后续特种探测机器人的研究提供借鉴.     

轮腿交互变换式行走机器人运动学分析

基于轮式机器人在路况较好时行走快速及腿式机器人越障能力较强的特点,提出了一种轮腿交互变换式行走机器人。运用Solid Works三维建模软件对其结构进行建模,并用水平传感器对其肢体进行平衡调控;通过对舵机及轮毂电机转动速度与角度的控制,实现对机器人轮式行走时速度及方向的调控;通过设计并执行步态控制模块的指令,使机器人腿式行走时腿部各关节之间协调移动,顺利进行各种不同形式地形的越障,实现机器人平稳向前移动。从而解决了轮式机器越障能力低、腿式机器行走速度慢且不够平稳的问题,同时大大提高了机器人的越障性能和步态行走时的稳定性。     

轮足式机器人机构设计及越障性能分析

越障能力和地形适应能力是移动机器人性能评价的重要指标。以提高越障能力为目标,设计了一种轮足式越障机器人,采用头部连杆机构辅助越障,同时对其头部连杆机构进行了参数设计。利用瞬时功率守恒原理建立了越障机器人的运动学方程,得到了越障过程中的速度变化规律,在此基础上,采用Adams进行了机器人运动仿真,模拟机器人爬越台阶面的运动情况,并分析了机器人爬越台阶面的越障性能。结果表明,所设计的轮足式机器人具有良好的越障能力。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.