基于时间序列差分特性的LMD端点效应处理方法

局部均值分解方法在计算过程中会使信号在端部产生端点效应,为减弱LMD中存在的端点效应,提出了一种基于信号时间序列差分特性的端点延拓方法。将信号曲线看作一段离散函数,利用该函数段末端的一阶差分和二阶差分的符号判断曲线的特征和发展趋势,根据具体情况判定所延拓极值点的值。使用该方法对仿真信号和实验轴承外圈故障和内圈故障信号进行了分解,并将其结果与镜像延拓改进的LMD方法分解的结果进行了对比。该方法在分解中的良好表现验证了其在信号分析中的有效性。     

波形曲率延拓在局域均值分解中的应用

局域均值分解（LMD）是一种能够将复杂的调幅调频信号自适应地分解为一系列单分量的调幅调频信号的处理方法,其分解过程存在端点效应,分解结果有一定程度的失真。针对此问题,提出根据波形曲率特征对信号端点进行极值延拓,通过特征波的曲率波动来筛选与边界波形最为相似的数据段,在此基础上将波形匹配曲率估计应用于LMD分解过程中, 并与镜像延拓及自适应波形匹配延拓方法相比较,验证了所提方法的优点。使用仿真信号与实际的齿轮故障数据进行试验与检测,结果表明,所提方法可以有效改善LMD分解过程的端点效应,提高分解精度。     

Volterra模型预测在EMD端点延拓中的应用

经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)的端点效应使得EMD分解结果产生严重失真,为了减小端点效应在分解过程中产生的影响,将混沌序列模型引入EMD,提出采用Volterra模型解决分解中产生的端点效应问题。论述了基于Volterra模型的数据延拓技术原理,即先对原始数据进行Volterra建模,然后利用该模型对数据进行延拓。该方法使端点处的延拓更加合理,从而使得三次样条曲线在端点处不会发生大的摆动,实现了准确的EMD分解。通过对仿真信号的研究表明,延拓抑制了分解的端点效应。把该技术应用于转子横向裂纹振动信号的EMD分解中,取得了良好效果。     

LMD时频分析方法的端点效应在旋转机械故障诊断中的影响

为评估局域均值分解(LMD)受端点效应影响的程度,提出了一种基于能量的端点效应评价指标,并将LMD的端点效应与经验模态分解(EMD)的端点效应进行了比较。因包络线的定义方法不同,LMD在端点附近未定义的包络线较短,端点效应的程度也较轻。提出的端点效应镜像延拓抑制方法经仿真证明效果良好。将LMD应用于提取转子裂纹的故障特征,可获得满意的实验结果。     

基于内积延拓LMD的机床滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究

针对机床加工中常见的滚动轴承故障特性,提出了一种基于内积延拓LMD的故障诊断方法。该方法针对LMD方法本身的端点效应缺陷,采用内积延拓的方法对分析信号左右两端点进行匹配延拓以抑制端点效应。首先建立原始信号的特征波形和相似波形并计算其对应的积分值;其次通过计算相似波形和特征波形积分差值并从信号的左端开始迭代运算以寻找最优匹配波形;最后将最优匹配波形延拓到对应的信号左右两侧以完成极值点的端点延拓。该方法充分考虑了信号内部波形的特点以及内部趋势运行规律,使得延拓后的波形可以很好地保持信号左右两端原有的趋势。实验采用滚动轴承故障信号进行分析,实验结果表明该方法可以很好地抑制LMD端点效应,并可以有效地提取滚动轴承故障特征实现故障诊断,可以运用到机床轴承的故障诊断中。     

改进LMD和排列熵的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承故障振动信号的复杂特性和局部均值分解(Local Mean Decomposition,LMD)方法存在的端点效应问题,提出了基于振动信号自相似性对左右端点两侧延拓来抑制端点效应问题的改进LMD、排列熵(Permutation Entropy,PE)及优化K-均值聚类算法相结合的轴承故障诊断方法。首先通过改进LMD将非线性、非平稳的原始故障振动信号分解出一系列的乘积函数(Production Function,PF)分量,对包含主要故障信息的PF分量提取PE值作为故障特征分量,在提取特征量的基础上,最后采用优化后的K-均值聚类算法对故障类型进行识别分类。将该方法应用在滚动轴承实验数据,实验结果表明该方法可以准确、有效的实现滚动轴承的故障诊断。     

基于改进HVD和包络谱的轴承故障诊断方法

轴承是机械设备的重要零部件之一。希尔伯特振动分解与经验模态分解同样存在着端点效应,针对于端点效应提出了镜像延拓的改进方法,该方法通过在信号左右两端分别延拓一定的数据长度,信号分解后再截去左右延拓的数据。较之传统的希尔伯特振动分解方法,该方法能有效的抑制分离出的分量两端发生发散的现象,将改进的HVD与包络谱结合能够有效的应用于轴承故障诊断,能够有效地提取出轴承故障特征频率。     

新型经验模式分解端点效应消除方法

对经验模式分解(Empirical mode decomposition, EMD)的端点效应进行深入分析,指出现有延拓方法的不足,对基于正弦函数延拓的方法进行改进,分析不同的延拓周期、延拓信号长度及信号端点值对EMD分解的影响,并与镜像延拓EMD分解方法进行了分析比较。在此基础上,提出一种基于指数正弦型延拓方法的EMD分解,它从原理上减小了延拓信号端点包络线的发散程度,从而提高了EMD分解精度和速度,并对其进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,新的延拓方法优于传统的延拓方法,能较好地抑制EMD端点效应。     

EMD端点效应抑制方法仿真比较与实例分析研究

基于经验模态分解的希尔伯特-黄变换分解会产生端点效应,现已提出了诸多的端点效应抑制方法。首先引入了端点效应问题,介绍了镜像延拓法、平行延拓法、极值延拓法、多项式拟合延拓法原理;提出延拓方法评价指标,采用仿真信号对四种抑制方法进行了对比分析,得出镜像延拓法是相对最优的处理方法;采用基于4种端点延拓方法改进的经验模态分解方法对凯斯西楚大学轴承故障数据依次进行处理;最终通过仿真分析与实例故障诊断均验证了镜像延拓法在解决端点效应问题方面的相对最优性。     

基于波形平均的经验模态分解端点效应抑制方法

经验模态分解(EMD)作为一种非常灵活的自适应时频分析方法,已广泛用于旋转机械故障诊断中的振动信号分析。但是,经验模态分解存在两个问题:端点效应以及模态混叠。针对EMD中存在的端点效应问题,在积分延拓局部均值分解(IELMD)的基础上,提出了一种利用波形平均来改进IELMD的方法。该方法利用一组相似波形来代替最佳匹配波形与特征波形相匹配,通过对相似波形左边或右边波形取平均得到延拓波形,将其附加在原始信号左端或右端。仿真和应用结果表明,与IELMD方法相比,该方法能够更有效地抑制经验模态分解端点效应。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.