微沟槽热管旋压成形及其传热性能研究

对管内微沟槽高速充液旋压成形工艺和传热性能进行了实验研究,研究了加工工艺参数包括拉管速度和旋压钢球数量对微沟槽成形的影响,并测试微沟槽热管的启动性能和极限功率等。同时分析了沟槽横截表面形貌。实验研究表明,随着拉管速度越大,微沟槽槽高逐渐减小;旋压球数量越多,沟槽质量更好;微沟槽热管的启动性能和均温性能良好。     

微沟槽热管传热性能实验研究

为研究充液率、真空度和长度对热管传热性能的影响作用,利用基于虚拟仪器技术的热管传热性能测试平台对直径6mm的微梯形沟槽热管在不同充液率、不同真空度以及不同长度等条件下进行实验测试.实验表明:微沟槽热管的最佳充液率在(75～100)%之间.热管内必须具备足够低的真空度,且充液率需根据真空度的不同适当调整.热管长度缩短可以提高其传热性能,但长度较短时,需适当提高充液率.     

环路型脉动热管启动特性的试验研究

建立了部分可视化的环路型铜管-乙醇脉动热管试验台,通过合适的管路布置实现不同的环路数目,试验通过动态数据采集和对管内流型的观察,研究了不同环路数目、充液率、倾斜角度和加热量情况下无重力和逆重力运行的启动特性以及环路数目对传热性能的影响.结果表明:当脉动热管运行时,在相同加热功率下,热阻随着环路数目的增加而减小,在相同环路数目下,热阻随着加热功率的增加而减小;超过一定环路数目并且加热段有适量的工质和足够大的加热功率下,其可以无重力启动运行,但本装置还没有实现逆重力启动运行.     

薄带表面微沟槽多齿犁削成形装置的设计

设计了一种薄带表面微沟槽多齿犁削成形装置,通过牵引机构和张紧机构将薄带预张紧,牵引下轮带动薄带前进过程中利用上下两把多齿犁削刀具在其表面加工出多条平行的微沟槽,加工过程中并不产生切屑,微沟槽两侧形成波纹状的翻边结构.微沟槽多齿犁削成形方法可以实现快速加工,并且降低加工成本,有利于微通道薄片在层叠式微反应器中的推广应用.     

CTAB表面活性剂脉动热管性能研究

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)阳离子型表面活性剂水溶液为工质,对不同浓度的CTAB表面活性剂水溶液脉动热管的启动过程、温度振荡曲线、及传热特性进行了试验研究,并与去离子水进行对比。结果表明:随着表面活性剂浓度的增加,脉动热管的启动时间先增加后减少。浓度为0.25%的CTAB水溶液启动时间相比去离子水减少28.5%。高加热功率下,高浓度CTAB水溶液(≥0.125%)脉动热管在稳定运行阶段温度振荡幅度明显减小,且蒸发段运行温度相比去离子水降低20%。CTAB对脉动热管传热强化作用与加热功率密切相关。低加热功率下(≤40 W),CTAB表面活性剂的添加增大了传热热阻;高加热功率下,高浓度CTAB脉动热管的传热热阻明显降低。对于浓度为0.25%的CTAB水溶液脉动热管,当加热功率从20 W升高到100 W时,热阻从1.73 K/W降低到0.3 K/W,减小了83%。     

不同工质沟槽式微热管传热性能实验研究

为了研究工质对沟槽式微热管传热性能的影响,通过试验对不同充液率下,不同工质对沟槽式微热管的温差、热阻与极限功率等性能的影响进行研究.结果表明:充液率对丙酮热管的温差变化影响较大,在相同情况下,丙酮热管需要更高的充液率.乙醇热管的温差性能较差,但充液率小的乙醇热管其热阻较小.水热管的极限功率最高,且在100%的充液率时,有着最为良好的传热性能,较另两种工质更适合用于高功率场合.该研究对实际生产和应用中的工质选择有着重要的参考意义.     

微矩形沟槽热管传热极限模型和实验研究

对微矩形沟槽热管的传热极限进行数学建模,并通过实验讨论分析热管工质物性群数NI、几何结构群数Ge和重力比数Hg三者对其传热极限的影响作用.研究表明,Qc与Ge和Hg呈近似指数增长变化,而与NI成线性增长关系.热管运行于较高温度、合理的几何结构和有效利用重力的辅助作用,可明显提高热管的传热能力,同时也证明了该传热极限模型的正确性.     

重力热管两相传热特性影响参数的数值研究

重力热管以其极佳的传热能力广泛应用于工程领域，而对于单根热管传热性能的提升则能够更好地提高换热设备的效率。本文通过数值模拟方法，分析了重力热管参数变化对其传热特性的影响。结果表明：VOF (Volume of Fluid)模型能够捕捉重力热管内部的蒸发冷凝现象；热管热阻随着充液率或加热功率的增大而减小；在一定范围内，热管热阻随热管内径增大而减小，随冷凝段长度增大而先增大后减小，但冷凝段长度过小会导致气液循环效果变差，因此，在实际设计中应考虑热管传热极限及安全长度比，保证热管的安全运行。     

复合中空热管传热性能研究

为了解决工业中的大量低品质烟气余热的回收利用和烟气酸露点腐蚀导致设备容易失效的工程问题,提出了一种复合中空热管传热元件,介绍了其结构及工作原理;对其内部传热机理进行了分析,并对其启动特性、等温性能和传热性能进行了试验研究。研究结果表明:复合中空热管在外管壁温度30℃时,加热时间2 min之内就能正常快速启动工作;在自然空气对流冷却条件下,具有较好的等温特性;复合中空热管的传热系数随着冷却水雷诺数的增加而增加;在加热蒸汽温度低于125℃的低温蒸汽加热条件下,当冷却水的雷诺数为6650时,复合中空热管的传热系数为1350W/(m2.℃)。试验研究结果为复合中空热管换热器的工程应用提供了基础。     

热管制造的新工艺及性能测试的试验研究

基于切向连续挤压技术背景下的真空热管制造方法,对一定型"Ω"形轴向微槽道热管的制造、性能测试进行试验研究,并分析热管在竖直工况不同冷却条件下的轴向温度分布,热阻和当量热导率,蒸发/凝结换热系数,工作温度在不同冷源温度下随热负荷的变化。试验表明,此种热管制造方法可行,与常规热管制造方法相比,省去了单根管壳抽真空的过程,这极大地促进了热管生产效率。并测得R11热管在低温和常温下具有良好的等温性能及传热性能。     

利用吸收式热泵回收工业废热的探讨

吸收式热泵是一种利用热驱动的节能设备,在节约和充分利用能源方面具有显著的作用,具有很高的可推广性。阐述了吸收热泵的工作原理,对其技术情况作了分析,并对其节能和环保方面的应用作了介绍。     

Enhancement of the critical heat flux by using heat spreader

Direct immersion cooling has been considered as one of the promising methods to cool high power density chips. A fluorocarbon liquid such as FC-72, which is chemically and electrically compatible with microelectronic components, is known to be a proper coolant for direct immersion cooling. However, boiling in this dielectric fluid is characterized by its small value of the critical heat flux. In this experimental study, we tried to enhance the critical heat flux by increasing the nucleate boiling area in the heat spreader (Conductive Immersion Cooling Module). Heat flux of 2 MW/m² was successfully removed at the heat source temperature below 78°C in FC-72. Some modified boiling curves at high heat flux were obtained from these modules. Also, the concept of conduction path length is very important in enhancing the critical heat flux by increasing the heat spreader surface area where nucleate boiling occurs.     

热管换热器在烟气余热回收中的应用

介绍了热管技术，并分析了其传热机理。热管换热器具有许多独特的优点，已经获得了广泛的工业应用，应用主要集中在中低温余热资源回收利用方面，应完善高温热管，以拓宽热管换热器在高温余热资源中的应用。     

Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of water-spray-bed heat exchanger

An experimental study was conducted on a water-spray-bed heat exchanger to investigate the heat transfer characteristics. A laboratory-scale test rig was built and its heat transfer characteristics were investigated with respect to various design and operation parameters such as the water spray flow rate, exhaust gas flow rate and number of tube rows. It was found that the implementation of the water spray increased the heat transfer rate to about 1.3 - 2.2 times that of a heat exchanger without water spray, although with a slight increase in the pressure loss. It was thus confirmed that the water spray was effective for enhancing condensing heat recovery from an exhaust gas.

     

Laser heat treatment

This paper reviews recent developments in the application of high power lasers to materials processing technology. The use of fine beams of laser energy to modify the surface properties of metallic materials is described in detail with specific emphasis on transformation hardening, surface alloying, and laser glazing. The successful exploitation of this new technology points to a significant potential for manufacturing industry to develop wear resistant surfaces using these laser systems     

Topological design of heat dissipating structure with forced convective heat transfer

This paper discusses the use of the topology optimization formulation for designing a heat dissipating structure that utilizes forced convective heat transfer. In addition to forced convection, there is also natural convection due to natural buoyancy forces induced by local heating inside fluid. In the present study, the temperature distribution due to forced convection, neglecting buoyancy and viscous dissipation inside fluid, was simulated and optimized. In order to analyze the heat transfer equation with forced convective heat loss and the Navier-Stokes equation, a common sequential computational procedure for this thermo/hydraulic characteristic was implemented. For topology optimization, four material properties were interpolated with respect to spatially defined density design variables: the inverse permeability in the Navier-Stokes equation, the conductivity, density, and the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer equation. From numerical examples, it was found that the balance between the conduction and convection of fluid is of central importance to the design of heat dissipating structures.     

无机传热技术及其工业应用

无机传热技术具有钢-水热管技术的优点，并解决了钢-水热管应用温度范围窄、常用工质热管易爆管和使用寿命短的缺陷。用该技术制造的空气预热器、余热锅炉等设备已成功地应用于石油行业，用于回收余热或进行工艺加热，并取得了良好的社会效益。     

An analytical solution to heat conduction with a moving heat source

This paper deals with an analytical solution to heat conduction in the medium subjected to a moving heat source. It evaluates the temperature distribution around a rectangular shape source moving at a constant speed along the axis of a bar. The transient temperature field from a moving heat source was analyzed using a Fourier series procedure. The most interesting result of the theory, is the derivation of a single formula capable of predicting the cooling time and cooling rate with a fairly good accuracy for ranges of temperature. Because of the passage of the heat source, the rise of temperature produced at a given near the source, tends to rapidly become constant. Several sample problems are discussed and illustrated, and comparisons with numerical approaches where these can also be used made. The results show that these solutions are in good agreement with the numerical results.     

提高KZL4-13型锅炉发热量减少热损失

对老式KZL4-13型锅炉的辅机和内拱结构进行改造，提高了锅炉热效率，加强对供热系统管理，增加了企业效益。