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以运行了八年的三组过热蒸汽炉管为试验材料,通过化学成分分析、常温力学性能试验及金相显微组织的观察与宏观分析,对三组过热蒸汽炉管的使用安全性进行了全面的评估,获得的结论可供有关人员参考。 相似文献
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结合胜利油田实际情况,分析了湿蒸汽发生器辐射段炉管的工作环境,总结湿蒸汽发生器辐射段炉管的失效类型,包括炉管内部结垢、炉管腐蚀、燃烧器偏烧以及炉管泄露、爆裂等,针对导致炉管失效的主要因素,提出有效检测手段,及早发现隐患,保障设备安全运行。 相似文献
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对某装置废能锅炉高温过热器发生爆裂的炉管(12Cr1MoVG)的化学成分、显微组织、内垢物组分等进行了研究,分析了爆裂的原因。结果表明:废能锅炉长期在低负荷下运行造成蒸汽偏流,使炉管严重超温,从而引起炉管材质劣化和蠕变损伤,最终导致炉管爆裂。 相似文献
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通过分析加热炉对流室炉管积灰的形成、种类、影响,比较蒸汽吹灰与激波吹灰器的工作原理和特点,总结出激波吹灰器的应用,大大提高了某公司第三套常、减压蒸馏装置加热炉去除积灰效率和热效率,装置运行非常稳定,降低了总运行成本。 相似文献
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分析了苯己烯装置蒸汽过热炉(BA-301)B室辐射段炉管断裂的原因,并提出有效的改造措施.恢复了正常生产。 相似文献
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某电站服役约10万h锅炉在检修时发现,其再热蒸汽管道排空管的承插焊支管座内壁和母管承插孔附近发生龟裂,采用宏观与微观形貌观察、化学成分分析、力学性能试验、显微组织观察、微区成分分析等对开裂原因进行了分析。结果表明:再热蒸汽管道排空管结构设计不合理,导致排空管后端一次阀前水平管段易集聚大量冷凝水;在逆流冷凝水和高温蒸汽的共同作用下,再热蒸汽管道排空管的承插焊支管座内壁、母管内壁靠近承插孔下游位置及承插孔内壁萌生热疲劳裂纹。在蒸汽压力、循环热应力和碳酸盐腐蚀物质的综合作用下,热疲劳裂纹扩展,并最终导致管道的开裂。 相似文献
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总结了两年多来中国石化炉管质量检测检验与评估中心对乙烯裂解炉管抽样检测的状况。对国产乙烯裂解炉141根离心铸造炉管、24根炉管焊接件以及27根静态铸造管件开展了化学成分、室温拉伸性能、高温持久性能试验和低倍组织酸蚀试验,给出了当前国产离心铸造炉管行业对杂质元素含量的控制情况、国产离心铸造炉管和静态铸造管件的室温拉伸性能与高温持久寿命状况,以及柱状晶与等轴晶比例。结果表明,当前国产乙烯裂解炉管合格率在80%~90%左右,炉管焊接件和静态铸造管件的高温持久寿命基本不合格,凸显出了国产乙烯裂解炉管行业存在的严峻问题。还就离心铸造炉管和管件杂质元素、新制造炉管性能与服役炉管失效模式的关系等问题开展了讨论。 相似文献
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A numerical model was developed to investigate dynamic instability in fossil fired once through boilers and the influence of the dynamics of tube and membrane structure furnace wall tubes on the stability boundary was examined. In order to predict density wave oscillation (DWO), the most common type of dynamic instability, a time domain nonlinear analysis approach was used to give a transient flow field in the tubes. The tubes were divided into one-dimensional finite volumes along their lengths and equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy were discretized to give algebraic equations. The SIMPLE algorithm was adopted to solve these equations. Analysis of two-dimensional transient conduction across a tube-membrane section of each volume was performed concurrently and the resulting heat transfer between tube inner wall and fluid was included in the source term of the energy equation. After verification with results in available literature, the model was applied to a wall tube section of a 700 MW boiler furnace in subcritical once-through condition. The stability boundaries for three types of tube configuration were predicted, and it was found that the dynamics of tube configuration can have a significant effect on the flow instability in the boiler furnace wall tubes. 相似文献
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对某炼厂焦化炉管运行时间仅1年多造成失效的材料进行了全面的理化性能试验研究,分析炉管早期失效的根本原因,为以后该焦化炉的安全经济运行和操作、检修工作提供指导。 相似文献
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Yun-Ho Choi 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》1998,12(5):988-998
Numerical modeling of the heat transfer and molecular mixing in an electrical furnace designed for the spectroscopic study
of hydrogen/alkali-metal-vapor mixtures is described. The gases enter the furnace through three concentric tubes, the inner
two of which contain the test gases while the outer contains a guard gas to protect the windows. The inner tubes terminate
prior to the measurement section to allow the gases to mix. Heating is accomplished through contact with the wall of the outer
tube. An implicit time-marching procedure including a preconditioning method is used to compute the coupled gas flows. The
results show that optimum flow speeds occur at a Reynolds number of order ten. Higher speeds do not allow adequate heating
or mixing and can become unsteady, while lower speeds allow considerable back diffusion in the concentric tubes. 相似文献
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对原油直接式加热炉炉管失效实例进行了较为全面的理论分析,结合工业装置取样,通过宏观检查、化学分析、金相组织、腐蚀显微特征、X-ray衍射结构分析等方法,详细阐述了原油直接式加热炉炉管失效的机理,实验结果与理论分析的结论比较吻合。 相似文献