护板弯曲模的设计及改进

针对护板的具体结构，设计了弯曲模，通过对其零件产生缺陷的原因分析，改进了原弯曲模结构，设计了摆块式弯曲模，由此，解决了原工艺中零件难以成形、角度回弹大、需要校正的难题，取消了需要预留工艺直边而进行的机械加工工序，降低了加工费用，提高了工效。     

Grove 45 t起重机发动机节能优化

Grove45 t起重机主要负责煤炭港务公司的维修作业任务，由于设备故障频发，尤其是发动机故障率极高，严重影响设备完好率和吊卸生产作业效率，经常发生停机、机损等事故，严重影响了车辆的使用寿命，造成巨大的经济损失。基于此，通过理论研究与升级改造，实现了起重机发动机与液压系统以及负载的最佳功率匹配，使发动机运行在最优工作区，很大程度节省了燃油消耗，减少了尾气污染排放，尾气排放标准由改造前的国Ⅱ提升至国Ⅲ标准，同时降低了发动机运行故障，延长了其使用寿命，节省了故障维修成本支出。     

她！我怀念 长途跋涉的她，离不开她的我

一说起她，鼻子就酸酸的，扳倒指拇儿算了一下，她足足跟了我11年了啊！不得已，她现在年事已高，体弱多病，行动又不便了，用年轻人的话来说，她现在样子也不漂亮了。我只能忍痛离开她，另外找了一个年轻貌美的新情人!     

中国制造业到底如何定位--兼与刘福垣先生《中国在世界制造业的定位》等文商榷

进入新世纪以来，我国制造业引起了国内外业内人士的关注，一时成了热门话题，众多学者对此进行了研究，如：中国工程院、中国科学院25位院士和40多位专家对中国制造业的现状、作用、地位，发展趋势和对策进行了调查研究，写出了《新世纪如何提高和发展我国制造业的研究报告》，受到国务院各部委和社会各界的重视，     

起重机悬挂负载系统位置控制实验研究

在起重机工作时，负载围绕吊装线旋转，存在定位困难的问题，为此，以动量轮为执行机构，提出了一种基于角动量守恒定律的悬挂负载系统姿态控制方法。首先，对悬挂负载系统的机理与结构进行了研究，用欧拉角描述法推导出了系统的运动学方程，并基于角动量守恒定律对系统进行了动力学建模；然后，对系统的稳定性进行了研究，采用比例积分与比例微分(PI+PD)混合控制律，实现了对俯仰方向旋转位置的控制目的；并设计了比例微分(PD)控制律，抑制了外部干扰对俯仰方向旋转产生的摇晃；基于MATLAB的Simulink环境对系统进行了风力扰动下的仿真实验；最后，搭建了样机实验平台，进行了实际过程测试，结合测试结果对仿真结果进行了验证。研究结果表明：所设计控制律有效，位置控制角度误差达到10^-2量级；解决了负载旋转定位困难的问题，抑制了外部干扰对俯仰方向旋转所产生的摇晃。     

CZ9206自动车床改进

CZ9206自动车床工作时，由于推料头的自动调心功能差，容易造成推料头、V形支承和轴承等工装损坏；此外，当机床正常工作而料道中没有套圈时，也会出现以上损坏。针对上述情况，对推料头的结构进行了改进，增加了自动调心功能；对机床的电气控制系统进行了部分改进，增加了当料道中无套圈时机床的自我保护功能。以上改进措施效果良好，避免了工装的损坏，保证了生产的顺利进行，减少了废品，提高了经济效益。     

产品设计链管理及其关键技术研究

对产品设计链进行有效管理，可缩短产品上市时间，降低产品成本和提高产品质量。介绍了产品设计链的结构，提出了产品设计链模型和系统层次模型，论述了产品设计链中概念设计的产品建模方法，构建了概念设计阶段评价框架，介绍了设计链协同管理模型，并根据产品设计链的特点，提出采用蚁群算法与遗传算法相结合的方法，对设计链伙伴进行选择。     

气动系统在喷泉控制装置中的应用

阐述了电控喷泉存在的问题，设计了喷泉气控系统，并在室内进行了试验。结果表明，气动阀动作灵敏，音乐节奏表达完善，电与水隔离，系统安全可靠，唯噪声稍大。     

基于Solidthinking Inspire活扳手的拓扑优化设计

采用Solidthinking Inspire软件对扳手进行结构优化，首先用Solid Works软件对活扳手建模，再将CAD模型导入到Inspire中进行优化分析，将优化后的模型导入到Solid Works中进行模型重构，再次导入到Inspire中进行强度分析。通过拓扑优化，活扳手的质量减轻了15%，最大米塞斯等效应力下降了10%，既减轻了质量，节省了材料，又提升了操作的简便性，达到了拓扑优化的设计需求。     

求解车间调度问题的一种新遗传退火混合策略

综合了遗传算法和模拟退火算法的优点，提出了一种新的遗传退火混合优化策略。该算法引入模拟退火算法作为遗传算法种群的变异算子，增强和补充了遗传算法的进化能力，同时将机器学习原理引入混合算法中，增加了种群的平均适值，有效地避免了最优解的丢失，加快了进化速度，使系统能够在很短的时间内得到最优解。针对车间调度的典型问题进行了仿真，结果证明了新算法的有效性。     

基于磁流体的新颖惯性引力传感器

利用磁流体及其复合物独特的电磁属性和机械流变的磁流体惯性引力新颖传感器具有低成本、高线性、高灵敏度的特征．特别在准静态和低频惯性引力变化场合中。具有高的线性度和灵敏度响应。具体以磁流体低频加速度计、角速度测量和磁流体复合物重力梯度传感器为例来说明磁流体及其复合物惯性引力传感器的工作原理。并简单介绍了它们的试验结构模型和试验结果．这种新型传感器具有重要的理论研究和应用推广价值。     

Morphological tools to evaluate the digestory apparatus in rocky cavy (Kerodon rupestris)

This research describes for the first time the complete morphology of the digestive apparatus of rock cavies. Dissection, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were performed. The oral cavity has: the hard palate without palatine wrinkles and the soft palate; the tongue composed by striated musculature, with presence of vallate, foliated, and fungiform papillae with taste buds and filiform papillae with mechanical function; and, 20 teeth of the hypsodonts type. Esophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and the large intestine (cecum, colon, and rectum) are found. The anus is present at the end of the alimentary channel. Organs of digestive tube are composed by four tunics: mucosa, submucosa, muscular, and serosa. The duodenum, jejunum and ileum have villi. Jejunum, ileum and cecum present Lieberkühn crypts. The cecum has mucous glands. Colon and rectum are folded and have goblet cells. Anus presents sebaceous glands. As associated glands it is found the liver with six lobes and gallbladder; a lobulated pancreas; and a pair of each major salivary gland (parotid, mandibular, and sublingual). Parotid glands have serous acini and mandibular and sublingual glands have mucous acini. Pancreas has adenomers. The liver has hepatocytes and portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct (portal triad), separated by sinusoids. It is concluded that the digestive apparatus of the rock cavy has variations in the dentition, lingual papillae, and acini of the salivary glands when compared to other rodents. Other variations refer to the well‐developed cecum characteristic of herbivorous behavior.     

高校就业指导工作现状与问题研究——基于北京八所高校的调查与分析

通过问卷和访谈等方法,对北京市八所高校就业指导工作进行调查研究,发现现阶段高校就业指导工作在开展与宣传、内容与理论、机构与人员、硬件与评估等方面反映出一些问题。针对这些问题应独立设置就业指导工作机构,保证高校就业工作部门资金充足和信息完备,开设就业指导专业并着力开展高校大学生就业指导的理论研究,建设和配备专兼职相结合的高校就业指导工作人员队伍,加强高校就业指导工作的调研和统计工作,开展高校就业指导的评估工作,逐步发挥和强化高校就业指导工作的反馈作用和附属功能。     

一种新型插拔锁定装置的设计

为实现航空电子设备LRM的快速装配和拆卸,需要设计简单可靠的插拔锁定装置。首先分析了插拔锁定装置的功能性、操作性、刚强度及工艺性设计要求,并从机构的构成、运动条件和工作过程三个方面描述了该装置的工作原理。然后对锁定装置和弹性元件的结构进行了设计计算。在上述分析和计算的基础上,确定了该装置主要结构的形式和尺寸,设计出一种可以用于LRM的新型插拔锁定装置。     

Scanning electron microscopy of antennal sensible of Anoplistes halodendri halodendri and Anoplistes halodendri ephippium (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Anoplistes halodendri halodendri (Pallas, 1776) and Anoplistes halodendri ephippium (Stevens and Dalman, 1817) are two subspecies of the longicorn beetle A. halodendri (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). In the recent years, these subspecies have been spreading rapidly in Hippophae rhamnoides and Hedysarum scoparium shrubberies in the Chinese provinces of Shanxi and Kingie, causing mass mortality of these shrubberies species and consequently leading to great damage to local ecological environment construction as well as high economic, ecological, and societal losses. To control their hazards effectively, here, we study and compare the types, densities, and distribution of antennal sensilla of A. h. halodendri and A. h. ephippium using scanning electron microscopy. Eight sensilla types were observed on the antennae of these two subspecies, including placoid sensilla (Ps), chaetica sensilla (ch) (types I-III), sensilla basiconica (b) (types I and II), sensilla gemmiformium (G), and auricillica sensilla (au). Ps predominated on the antennae of both A. h. halodendri and A. h. ephippium, followed by b and ch, and G and au. There were differences between the subspecies in the distribution and density of the different sensilla types, with ch I being found exclusively on the antennae of A. h. ephippium and b I and au on the antennae of A. h. halodendri only. With the exception of Ps, the densities of ch II, ch III, b II, and G on the antennae of A. h. halodendri were much higher than on the antennae of A. h. ephippium. These results provide sufficient evidence to clarify the receptive mechanisms used by these two subspecies of longicorn beetles and their responses to volatile semiochemicals released by their host plants as well as discuss their differences with respect to host and habitat selection.     

应用气相色谱-质谱分析土壤中芥子气及其降解产物

建立了土壤样品中的芥子气(HS)及其降解产物硫二甘醇(TDG)气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)分析方法。选择二氯甲烷为土壤中HS的萃取剂,亚氟蒸馏水为TDG的萃取剂,HS和TDG的萃取率分别为89.4％和93.2％,相对标准偏差为4.18％和4.32％。土壤样品中HS和TDG含量分别为0.38～0.48μg/g和3.04～3.88 μg/g,最低检出限为0.004μg/g和0.02 μg/g(3σ,n=5)。应用GC/MS对染毒土样品中HS和TDG进行了检测,初步探讨了其质谱裂解特点和规律。结果表明:该方法操作简便、准确、灵敏度高。     

Model-based fault detection and isolation in steer-by-wire vehicle using sliding mode observer

Steer-by-Wire system (SbW), in which the conventional mechanical linkages between the steering wheel and the front wheel are removed, is suited to active steering control, improving vehicle stability, dynamics and maneuverability. And SbW is implemented to autonomous steering control to assist the driver. However, the SbW vehicle contains unsolved important problems about fault tolerant function. For example, it is the detection of sensor fault and multiplicative fault simultaneously. Fault detection and isolation (FDI) is essential in fault-tolerant problems, and conventional FDI for SbW was based on Kalman filter. But this method has weak robustness and cannot detect sensor fault and multiplicative fault simultaneously. We propose a novel model-based fault detection and isolation method using sliding mode observer in the SbW vehicle, which contains measurement of sensor fault and multiplicative fault. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulations. This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Kyoungsu Yi Jae-Sung Im was born in Busan, Korea in 1978. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Pukyong National University, Korea, in 2003 and 2005, respectively. He then received his Ph.D. degree from Kumamoto University, Japan, in 2009. His interests are in vehicle dynamics, robust control, fault detection and isolation, and man-machine interface. Fuminori Ozaki received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Department of Computer Science, Kumamoto University, Japan, in 1998 and 2000. In 2000, he joined OMRON Corporation, Kyoto, Japan, where he developed semiconductor manufacturing equipment. His current interests include EPS control and KANSEI engineering. Tae-Kyeong Yue received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from Pukyong National University, Korea, in 1998 and 2000, respectively. He received the Ph.D. degree from Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan in 2003. He is working in the Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Korea. His interests are fault detection and isolation, decentralized control and control of deep-sea mining system. Shigeyasu Kawaji received his Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Doctor of Engineering in Control Engineering from Kumamoto University and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, in 1969 and 1980, respectively. He joined the Department of Electronic Engineering of Kumamoto University, Japan, where he is presently as a full professor. He is the Director of System Integration Laboratory. He is presently the President of Advanced Health Laboratory Ltd. His current research interest includes robust control, intelligent control mechatronics and robotics, fusion of medicine and engineering, and automotive mechatronic systems.     

纤维增强树脂基摩阻材料的摩擦学研究进展

综述了纤维增强树脂基摩阻材料的研究和发展，主要分析了树脂基体、增强纤维和填料以及温度和PV值对摩阻材料摩擦学性能的影响及作用机理，简述了摩阻材料磨损机理的研究现状和主要磨损类型。并提出了今后研究摩阻材料应重视的问题。     

选区激光烧结的不均匀温度场对成形过程的影响分析

选区激光烧结过程中,不均匀温度场引起的应力和变形是制约成型质量,影响成型精度的重要因素。通过有限元仿真,分析了不同扫描方式和预热保温温度情况下激光烧结的温度场,同时结合实验对不同扫描方式和预热保温温度下的应力和变形做出分析和计算。仿真和实验表明,预热保温能够有效减小烧结物的热应力,同时采用长短线交叉的扫描方式得到的烧结物应力和变形最小。     

粒度及其分布对颗粒介质摩擦副摩擦学特性的影响

利用基于离散单元法的数值模型对颗粒粒度及其分布开展了理论研究,对宏微观尺度的力、能量、摩擦等特性进行了探讨。离散单元法的理论基础是非连续介质力学,这可使颗粒介质摩擦副在力学及摩擦学特性上的非连续、非均匀特点获得较好的展现,可以判断其内部存在的运动和力的随机性及结构突变。较大粒径的颗粒具有更大的承载力和摩擦因数,更容易形成准直线形的强力链,导致摩擦特性的随机现象和结构突变增加。粒径的均匀分布和高斯分布使颗粒间的力分布趋向均匀,摩擦副运动更加平稳,摩擦因数有所减小。