求解作业车间JIT调度问题的VNS/MP混合算法

针对作业车间准时制调度这类复杂的非正规性能指标调度问题,基于机器加工序列和工序开工时间的两阶段优化策略,提出一种结合变邻域搜索和数学规划的混合调度算法。在变领域搜索的每次迭代过程中,通过在Swap和Insertion两类邻域结构内跳转搜索获得较优的机器加工序列,由此松弛了调度模型中最难满足的机器析取约束;然后调用数学规划方法对当前机器加工序列上的各工序开工时间进行优化计算。以引导工序向各自交货期靠拢为邻域设计原则,提出以紧邻工序对为移动对象的Swap和Insertion邻域结构;为增加搜索空间的多样性,变领域搜索中的局域搜索算法采用基于调度目标值容许偏差的阈值接受策略。对72个准时制调度的Benchmark算例的仿真结果表明,变领域搜索/数学规划混合算法获得了35个算例的已知最好解,并且更新了其中25个算例的已知最好解。     

改进遗传变邻域算法求解飞机装配线调度问题

针对飞机装配调度过程中受到空间限制的问题,建立了以最小化装配作业总工期为目标并考虑空间约束的飞机装配线分部段作业调度数学模型,提出了一种求解此模型的改进遗传变邻域算法。该算法采用优先级规则进行种群初始化以缩减解空间,并设计了一种结合接受阈值的变邻域局部搜索方式,采用考虑紧前紧后关系三种邻域结构来确保搜索过程中产生合法解,以提高搜索能力,避免传统遗传算法陷入局部最优,最后通过标准算例库PSPLIB中的算例验证了算法的有效性和优越性。     

求解柔性作业车间调度问题的两级邻域搜索混合算法

针对柔性作业车间调度问题(Flexible job shop scheduling problem,FJSP),以优化最大完工时间为目标,提出一种融合两级邻域搜索和遗传算法的混合算法。基于通过利用机器空闲时间来减小最大完工时间的想法,构造邻域结构,对关键路径上的关键工序进行移动,实现邻域搜索,以改进当前解;设计针对FJSP问题特点的两级邻域搜索方式,第一级邻域搜索为跨机器移动工序,将工序移动到除当前加工机器之外的其他可选机器上,第二级邻域搜索为同机器移动工序,将工序在当前加工机器上进行移动;给出两级邻域搜索相应的保证可行解工序移动条件;兼顾FJSP问题求解算法的全局搜索能力和局部搜索能力,利用遗传算法实现全局搜索,两级邻域搜索实现局部搜索;采用国际通用的FJSP问题基准算例进行测试,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于粒子群优化和变邻域搜索的混合调度算法

提出了用于解决作业车间调度问题的离散版粒子群算法.该算法采用基于工序的编码和新的位置更新策略,使具有连续本质的粒子群算法直接适用于调度问题.同时,针对粒子群算法容易陷入局部最优的缺陷,利用粒子群算法和变邻域搜索算法的互补性能,设计了粒子群-变邻域搜索算法、改进的粒子群算法、粒子群-变邻域搜索交替算法和粒子群-变邻域搜索协同算法4种混合调度算法.仿真结果表明,混合算法能够有效地、高质量地解决作业车间调度问题.     

基于遗传变邻域混合算法的带交货期的单机车间逆调度方法

针对带交货期的单机逆调度问题,建立以最小化系统调整为目标函数的单机逆调度数学优化模型;利用互补性能,采用串行、并行和嵌入等结构,将遗传算法与变邻域搜索算法相结合,设计出遗传-变邻域搜索算法、遗传-变邻域搜索交替算法和遗传-变邻域搜索协同算法3种混合算法。为产生逆调度激发机制,采用非最优调度法,将随机初始化与局部初始化进行结合,创造逆调度环境;此外,为提高算法的局部搜索能力,基于交叉变异操作等思想来构建四种搜索邻域,通过邻域结构的切换,加强局部搜索能力;最后,将提出的混合算法用于求解不同规模的问题实例,与其他算法的求解结果进行比较,证明提出的混合算法是可行的和有效的。     

求解作业车间调度的变邻域细菌觅食优化算法

针对最小化最大完工时间的作业车间调度问题,提出一种基于变邻域趋化操作的细菌觅食优化算法。邻域搜索是一类改进型局部搜索算法,在每一步迭代过程中通过搜索当前解的邻域得到一个改进的解,利用邻域搜索可大大提高局部最优解的精确度。本算法采用基于操作的编码,使得细菌觅食优化算法适用于作业车间调度求解;将3种不同的邻域结构引入趋化操作中,以便扩大可行解的搜索空间,细菌个体按照自适应学习策略根据邻域的各自贡献率选择搜索方式,减少陷入局部极小的机会;同时使用自适应步长更新各邻域内趋化操作的位置,根据适应度值动态调整搜索精度,避免早熟收敛。典型算例试验表明,该算法具有一定的鲁棒性,并有效地提高了搜索精度和收敛性。     

用差异进化和变邻域搜索解决无等待流水线调度问题

提出了解决无等待流水线调度问题的离散差异进化(DDE)算法和变邻域搜索(VNS)算法.与标准差异进化(DE)算法不同,DDE算法采用了基于工序的编码和新的个体生成方法,因而能直接用于求解生产调度这类复杂问题;VNS算法采用多重移动邻域以提高性能.为了进一步提高求解质量,将DDE和VNS结合,得到三种混合算法:DDE-VNS、DDEVNS和DDE&VNS.仿真试验表明:上述算法都是有效的,混合算法优于单一算法,VNS、DDE-VNS、DDEVNS和DDE&VNS等4种算法优于国际上同类研究的最新成果.     

用差异进化和变邻域搜索解决无等待流水线调度问题

提出了解决无等待流水线调度问题的离散差异进化(DDE)算法和变邻域搜索(VNS)算法。与标准差异进化(DE)算法不同,DDE算法采用了基于工序的编码和新的个体生成方法,因而能直接用于求解生产调度这类复杂问题;VNS算法采用多重移动邻域以提高性能。为了进一步提高求解质量,将DDE和VNS结合,得到三种混合算法:DDE—VNS、DDE_(VNS)和DDE&VNS。仿真试验表明:上述算法都是有效的,混合算法优于单一算法,VNS、DDE—VNS、DDE_(VNS)和DDE&VNS等4种算法优于国际上同类研究的最新成果。     

单机最大延迟重调度的和声变邻域搜索算法

针对新工件突然到达干扰下的单机最大延迟时间重调度问题,提出一种融合和声搜索与变邻域搜索技术的混合算法。该算法运用两阶段启发式与排序解随机生成相融合的方法来初始化和声记忆库,在和声搜索迭代框架中嵌入了结合问题特征的变邻域搜索算子。为进一步强化算法的寻优能力,设计了基于占优性质的非最优解排除方法,在变邻域搜索算子的局部搜索环节中实施。通过参数校准实验及其结果分析,得出和声记忆库规模与和声记忆思考率两个参数的建议取值。运用校准后的算法对大量算例进行计算测试,并与单独应用变邻域搜索技术的3种已报道算法展开优化性能比较,结果表明所提算法在解的质量与鲁棒性上均具备比较优势。     

融合路径重连的混合算法求解作业车间调度问题

针对作业车间调度问题,以优化最大完工时间为目标,提出一种融合路径重连、邻域结构和遗传算法的混合算法。邻域结构能够指导工序的移动,大大减少搜索时间,提高搜索能力;路径重连作为邻域结构的一种有效弥补方式,通过探索高质量解及其逆解之间的差异,生成一系列路径解,对路径解进行评价,选择较好的解进入下一代,可以进一步提升算法性能。结合作业车间调度问题的43个基准算例进行仿真分析,验证了所提算法具有良好的求解性能。     

一类解决无等待流水车间调度问题的蚁群算法

针对以最大完成时间为目标的无等待流水车间调度问题,提出了一种蚁群算法.首先,基于复杂度为O(n)的最大完成时间算法简化了适应值的计算;其次,基于当前最优解和轨迹密度的新解构造方法提高了求解质量;第三,基于快速插入邻域算法的多重插入移动提高了搜索效率;最后,基于典型算例的仿真试验,表明了所得调度算法的可行性和优越性.     

解决无等待流水车间调度问题的离散粒子群优化算法

针对以生产周期为目标的无等待流水车间调度问题,提出了一种离散粒子群优化算法.研究了无等待流水车间调度问题的快速邻域搜索技术,并将其分别用于加强粒子、个体极值或全体极值的邻域探索能力,得到了三种改进的离散粒子群优化算法.基于典型算例的试验,表明了上述算法的有效性.     

An improved artificial bee colony algorithm for the blocking flowshop scheduling problem

This paper presents an improved artificial bee colony (IABC) algorithm for solving the blocking flowshop problem with the objective of minimizing makespan. The proposed IABC algorithm utilizes discrete job permutations to represent solutions and applies insert and swap operators to generate new solutions for the employed and onlooker bees. The differential evolution algorithm is employed to obtain solutions for the scout bees. An initialization scheme based on the problem-specific heuristics is presented to generate an initial population with a certain level of quality and diversity. A local search based on the insert neighborhood is embedded to improve the algorithm's local exploitation ability. The IABC is compared with the existing hybrid discrete differential evolution and discrete artificial bee colony algorithms based on the well-known flowshop benchmark of Taillard. The computational results and comparison demonstrate the superiority of the proposed IABC algorithm for the blocking flowshop scheduling problems with makespan criterion.     

Solving job shop scheduling problems using artificial immune system

The n-job, m-machine job shop scheduling (JSS) problem is one of the general production scheduling problems. Many existing heuristics give solutions for small size problems with near optimal solutions. This paper deals with the criterion of makespan minimization for the job shop scheduling of different size problems. The proposed computational method of artificial immune system algorithm (AIS) is used for finding optimal makespan values of different size problems. The artificial immune system algorithm is tested with 130 benchmark problems [10 (ORB1-ORB5 & ARZ5-ARZ9), 40 (LA01-LA40) and 80 (TA01-TA80)]. The results show that the AIS algorithm is an efficient and effective algorithm which gives better results than the Tabu search shifting bottleneck procedure (TSSB) as well as the best solution of shifting bottleneck procedure ( SB-GLS1 ) of Balas and Vazacopoulos.     

A hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm for the no-wait flow shop scheduling problem with makespan criterion

This paper proposes a novel hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization (HDPSO) algorithm to solve the no-wait flow shop scheduling problems with the criterion to minimize the maximum completion time (makespan). Firstly, a simple approach is presented in the paper to calculate the makespan of a job permutation. Secondly, a speed-up method is proposed to evaluate the similar insert neighborhood solution. Thirdly, a discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm based on permutation representation and a local search algorithm based on the insert neighborhood are fused to enhance the searching ability and to balance the exploration and exploitation. Then, computational simulation results based on the well-known benchmarks and statistical performance comparisons are provided. It is concluded that the proposed HDPSO algorithm is superior to both the single DPSO algorithm and the existing hybrid particle swarm optimization (HPSO) algorithm from literature in terms of searching quality, robustness and efficiency.     

自动化制造单元最小完工时间调度问题的混合启发式算法

自动化制造单元最小完工时间调度问题属于NP-hard难题,目前尚缺乏有效的调度方法。为此,提出基于遗传和禁忌搜索的混合启发式算法,用以搜索一组最满意的机器人搬运作业排序。以遗传算法为基本结构,在初始种群产生和交叉、变异操作中引入禁忌搜索技术,以提高优化质量。基于搬运作业规则的初始种群构造算法和两阶段交叉、变异算子克服了传统算子对可行搬运作业排序的破坏,而邻域移动算子则保证了禁忌搜索的多样性和集中性。最后,随机实验结果验证了算法的有效性。     

改进差分进化算法求解混合流水车间调度问题

对于求解混合流水车间调度问题,标准差分进化算法存在易陷入局部极值的缺点,为此,以最小化最大完工时间为目标函数建立了仿真优化模型,并提出了一种改进差分进化算法进行求解。将所提算法结合反向学习策略生成初始种群,在差分进化中进一步引入自适应差分因子,并在个体选择机制中引入模拟退火算法的Metropolis准则,有效提高了该算法的全局搜索能力。最后基于不同规模算例对所提算法和经典算法进行了仿真实验结果对比,验证了所提改进差分进化算法的有效性和优越性。     

A multi-objective genetic algorithm for scheduling in flow shops to minimize the makespan and total flow time of jobs

In this paper the problem of permutation flow shop scheduling with the objectives of minimizing the makespan and total flow time of jobs is considered. A Pareto-ranking based multi-objective genetic algorithm, called a Pareto genetic algorithm (GA) with an archive of non-dominated solutions subjected to a local search (PGA-ALS) is proposed. The proposed algorithm makes use of the principle of non-dominated sorting, coupled with the use of a metric for crowding distance being used as a secondary criterion. This approach is intended to alleviate the problem of genetic drift in GA methodology. In addition, the proposed genetic algorithm maintains an archive of non-dominated solutions that are being updated and improved through the implementation of local search techniques at the end of every generation. A relative evaluation of the proposed genetic algorithm and the existing best multi-objective algorithms for flow shop scheduling is carried by considering the benchmark flow shop scheduling problems. The non-dominated sets obtained from each of the existing algorithms and the proposed PGA-ALS algorithm are compared, and subsequently combined to obtain a net non-dominated front. It is found that most of the solutions in the net non-dominated front are yielded by the proposed PGA-ALS.     

An effective hybrid particle swarm optimization for no-wait flow shop scheduling

The no-wait flow shop scheduling that requires jobs to be processed without interruption between consecutive machines is a typical NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, and represents an important area in production scheduling. This paper proposes an effective hybrid algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) for no-wait flow shop scheduling with the criterion to minimize the maximum completion time (makespan). In the algorithm, a novel encoding scheme based on random key representation is developed, and an efficient population initialization, an effective local search based on the Nawaz-Enscore-Ham (NEH) heuristic, as well as a local search based on simulated annealing (SA) with an adaptive meta-Lamarckian learning strategy are proposed and incorporated into PSO. Simulation results based on well-known benchmarks and comparisons with some existing algorithms demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid algorithm.     

面向Job Shop调度的算法融合方法研究

提出一种算法融合方法,解决单一算法求解Job Shop调度问题存在的不足,提高这类问题的求解质量。在融合方法中,采用遗传算法和蚁群算法进行并行搜索;根据Job Shop调度问题解的特征,提出基于关键工序的邻域选择方法,并将基于这种邻域选择方法的禁忌搜索算法作为局部搜索算法,加强了遗传算法和蚁群算法的局部搜索能力。采用算法融合方法构造的优化算法对13个难解的benchmarks问题实例进行求解,在较短的时间内,得到的十次实验结果的makespan最优值和平均值优于并行遗传算法(PGA)和TS算法。采用算法融合方法构造的优化算法具有较强的搜索能力,说明提出的算法融合方法是有效的。