扰流板型太阳能平板空气集热器数值模拟分析

为提高太阳能平板空气集热器效率,设计了扰流板型太阳能平板空气集热器,通过Fluent数值模拟,分析扰流板高度、间距对太阳能平板空气集热器性能的影响,得出最佳扰流板结构参数。结果表明：在所有研究的扰流板型太阳能平板空气集热器中,扰流板间距为800mm,高度为150mm时,集热器综合性能最佳,该集热器相比普通太阳能平板空气集热器,其效率明显提高,并通过最小二乘法得出其瞬时效率公式。     

太阳能在液体除湿空调中的化学蓄能实验分析

太阳能液体除湿空调系统是一种利用太阳能等低品位热源的节能空调系统,集热器集热性能和溶液化学蓄能特性是影响太阳能利用的重要因素.本文中再生器采用逆流式填料塔,氯化锂作为除湿剂,以真空管集热器作为集热源,实验分析了不同再生温度时,真空管集热器集热瞬时效率和化学蓄能特性.实验结果表明:真空管集热器瞬时效率呈凹形;较高的溶液再生温度有利于太阳能利用率和溶液化学蓄能能力的提高,再生溶液温度一般为60～80℃.     

通过太阳真空管光学性能推导光热转化效率的研究

光热转化效率是衡量太阳能集热器运行能力的关键参数。通过全玻璃真空太阳能集热器透射比和吸收比试验,分析不同太阳集热管的透射比和吸收比;在此基础上,推导太阳能集热器光热转化效率公式,提出理想状态和实际情况下真空管太阳能集热器光热转化效率公式;分析比较太阳集热器光热转化效率和平均日效率,认为罩玻璃管透射比、涂层吸收比、集热管均匀系数、散热损失、流动损失以及放置倾角是影响太阳集热器光热转化效率的因素。     

热超导管式全玻璃真空管集热器的热性能分析

对热超导管作传热管的全玻璃真空管太阳能集热器的传热机理进行了分析,给出了其总热损失系数、效率因子、热迁移因子和瞬时效率的表达式.并通过实例将瞬时效率的理论计算值与实验测定值进行了比较,两者的相对误差小于6.74%.说明相关的计算表达式较好地反映了全玻璃真空管太阳能集热器的传热性能与特点,同时讨论了如何提高集热器的性能,其结论可用于该类真空管集热器的设计与性能预测.     

塑料平板集热器

一种塑料平板集热器涉及太阳能集热器领域,作为家用太阳热能开发利用的核心部件,太阳能集热器的高成本,和安装不方便,已成为阻碍太阳能热利用普及的障碍。为了克服太阳能集热器,整体重、只限于屋顶安装、制作成本高等问题。本发明提供一种结构简单,重量轻的塑料平板太阳能集热器。采用了塑料平板集热器外框、塑料平板集热器外壳、塑料汇集管、塑料排管吸热板、轻质保温层、塑料中空透明盖板组装成塑料平板集热器。     

浅谈减少平板式太阳能集热器热损的措施

世界经济的飞速发展,消耗了大量的不可再生资源,导致化石能源等面临着枯竭的境地,这在一定程度上促使人们去开发利用清洁的可再生资源,太阳能就逐渐成为新能源和可再生资源的重要组成部分。现通过对平板式太阳能集热器的基本结构、平板式太阳能集热器热损失的主要根源进行分析,提出了减少平板式太阳能集热器热损失的具体措施。     

太阳能真空管集热器管中心距的优化与应用

为提高太阳能热水器的性能并降低其成本,通过综合考虑性能与成本对真空管集热器进行了优化,提出了以集热器单位集热量的成本为优化目标的真空管集热器管中心距优化模型.优化模型包括集热器成本计算模型和集热器集热量计算模型,其中的集热器集热量计算考虑了太阳的辐射强度变化与真空管管间遮阴作用.采用该模型对常用太阳能集热器进行了优化....     

太阳能水蒸气引射冷却的CO2低温制冷循环

为需要较低温度的用冷空间提供冷源,设计由太阳能集热循环,水蒸气喷射制冷循环,CO2低温制冷循环组成的太阳能辅助热源水蒸气喷射引射冷却的CO2低温制冷的组合循环,通过热力计算得出随着蒸发温度的升高,太阳能辐射强度的增大,集热器面积的增大,组合循环的性能提高。蒸发温度每升高1℃,组合循环的性能系数增大4.3%,太阳能辐射强度每增加1W/m2,组合循环的性能系数增大2.8%,太阳能集热器面积每增加1m2,组合循环的性能系数增大约6%。发生器内水蒸气温度对组合循环的性能影响不大,太阳能辐射强度、集热器面积以及喷射器引射率对组合循环的影响较大。组合循环节省运行费用,节约能源,有很好的发展前景。     

太阳能热水系统的设计与应用研究

太阳能热水系统采用新型清洁能源技术,在工厂、医院、酒店等领域广泛应用。本文根据职工人数及生产班次,结合当地不同季节的温度和气候情况,选择太阳能平板集热器与辅助加热装置相结合的方式,设计了一套智能化太阳能热水系统,分别对男女浴室进行热水供应。通过用水量计算出水箱容积、管径、流量等参数,并选择合适的控制系统,优先使用太阳能平板集热器进行加热,当太阳能集热设备无法满足供水需求时,系统自动开启燃气热水器进行加热,满足职工热水需求的同时,实现良好的节能效果。     

太阳能热泵地板辐射供暖系统的实验研究

设计建立了以热管式真空管太阳能热水器和水源热泵机组为热源,以地板辐射采暖系统为末端装置的太阳能热泵地板辐射供暖系统实验台。通过对实验台冬季供暖工况的实验研究,考察了采暖房间的热力过程以及太阳能集热器、热泵机组等主要设备的工作性能。实验结果表明,实验台设计方案可行,主要设备的工作性能达到了设计要求。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...