CFRP旋刨刀几何结构设计及孔出口质量的分析

为了提高碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)的制孔质量,对CFRP旋刨刀的几何结构进行设计。基于旋刨刀的前角为15°,利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS的explicit子模块,建立CFRP旋刨制孔的三维模型,分析仿真过程中的轴向力和孔的出口质量。在相同条件下进行钻削试验,记录钻削过程中的轴向力,观测孔的出口质量。试验和仿真结果吻合性良好,结合仿真和试验的结果,确定旋刨刀的后角为10°。     

PCD与硬质合金钻头钻削CFRP/Al叠层材料对比研究

为延长钻削CFRP/Al叠层材料的刀具寿命,采用PCD刀具与硬质合金刀具进行CFRP/Al叠层材料的钻削对比试验,分析了制孔数量对轴向力、刀具磨损以及制孔质量的影响。试验结果表明,随着制孔数量的增加,两种刀具的轴向力、磨损量及制孔缺陷均增大。采用PCD刀具钻削CFRP/Al叠层材料能有效减小刀具磨损且可获得更好的加工质量。     

刀具结构对CFRP/Al制孔分层损伤影响的仿真研究

建立了不同结构刀具钻削CFRP/Al叠层板的有限元仿真模型,应用有限元仿真软件ABAQUS对CFRP/Al叠层板制孔过程中CFRP层间分层损伤特征及原因进行了仿真研究,并进一步分析了刀具结构对CFRP层间分层损伤的影响。研究结果表明:CFRP层间分层损伤形貌为椭圆型,椭圆长轴所在方向和纤维方向一致;套料钻制孔的CFRP层间分层损伤在相同层间位置比PCD麻花钻小得多。     

CFRP/Al叠层结构钻铰锪一体制孔切削力建模与预测技术

针对钻铰锪复合刀具一体制孔过程,构建瞬时切削力模型,为制孔切削力优化、抑制CFRP/Al叠层结构的制孔缺陷提供理论依据。将CFRP/Al叠层结构钻铰锪一体制孔过程拆分为钻削、铰削、锪窝,基于CFRP与Al的细观斜角切削模型,分别建立钻削、铰削、锪窝过程的动态切削力(轴向力与扭矩)模型。根据切削特点及所处切削状态对制孔过程进行阶段划分,利用钻削、铰削以及锪窝的切削力模型,计算出相应阶段的切削力。根据工作前角数学模型,分别建立钻削、铰削、锪窝过程的前角均值、剪切角均值和摩擦角均值的数学模型,并且给出纤维方向角关于时间的变化模型。基于接触力学理论建立横刃的切削力模型,最终形成CFRP/Al叠层结构钻铰锪一体制孔刀具的瞬时切削力的模型。最后,搭建制孔试验平台,进行钻铰锪一体制孔试验,验证瞬时切削力模型的正确性与可靠性。     

碳纤维增强复合材料/钛合金叠层结构钻削仿真研究

碳纤维增强复合材料在航空领域常作为结构材料与钛合金组成叠层结构,能在减轻重量的同时利用两种材料的不同特点获得更优异的综合力学性能。本文应用有限元仿真方法模拟了叠层结构CFRP/Ti在CFRP→Ti和Ti→CFRP两种钻削顺序下的制孔过程,探究了不同钻削顺序对叠层结构钻削应力、钻削温度及制孔质量的影响规律。结果表明,在CFRP→Ti钻削顺序下叠层界面制孔质量更高,更能满足实际生产要求。     

CFRP/Ti叠层材料螺旋铣孔与钻孔的刀具磨损对比与分析

针对螺旋铣孔与传统钻孔刀具磨损的问题,对CFRP/Ti叠层材料进行螺旋铣孔与传统钻孔试验。在相同加工效率及切削速度的基础上,对两种工艺加工孔的切削力及刀具后刀面磨损长度进行了测量。结果表明:制孔过程中,螺旋铣削制孔的切削力明显小于钻削制孔的切削力;加工过程中,螺旋铣削制孔的切削力比钻削制孔的切削力更加平缓;同等参数条件下,螺旋铣削加工到24孔时刀具失效,传统钻削加工到18孔时刀具失效;螺旋铣削制孔的刀具比钻削制孔的刀具更加耐磨,加工孔数更多。     

CFRP钻削有限元仿真研究现状与展望

有限元仿真技术已成为研究CFRP制孔缺陷形成机理的重要手段。阐述了CFRP钻削过程中的主要加工缺陷;介绍了目前CFRP钻削常用的有限元仿真方法,并基于此构建了材料本构模型;综述了有限元仿真技术在研究CFRP宏观钻削和细观材料失效方面的应用和发展;分析了复合材料有限元仿真研究存在的不足,并对CFRP钻削仿真技术的发展进行了展望。     

阶梯钻头钻削CFRP/TC4钛合金叠层材料研究

针对CFRP/钛合金叠层材料传统钻削加工过程存在钻削轴向力过大、切削温度高、刀具磨损严重的问题,采用新型阶梯麻花钻对CFRP/钛合金叠层材料进行钻削试验,研究了新型阶梯麻花钻钻头在CFRP/钛合金叠层材料制孔时的轴向力、切削温度和刀具磨损。试验结果表明,阶梯麻花钻刀具能够有效降低钻削的轴向力、降低多孔钻削温度,提高刀具耐用度,具有良好的CFRP/钛合金叠层材料制孔性能。     

CFRP/钛合金叠层板钻孔刀具研究进展

CFRP/钛合金叠层结构材料具有轻质高强、能承受极端热力载荷等优点,广泛应用于航天航空关键承重部件的制造。在钻削加工CFRP/钛合金叠层结构时,由于CFRP相和钛合金相具有不同的性能特征,导致刀具的磨损行为迥异,从而对CFRP/钛合金叠层结构的钻孔精度及孔壁质量造成严重影响。为此,探究CFRP/钛合金叠层结构钻削时的刀具作用机理和开发理想的加工刀具,对确保CFRP/钛合金叠层结构高品质制孔具有重要意义。针对CFRP/钛合金叠层结构钻削时存在的刀具磨损快、制孔质量差等问题,从刀具基体材料、刀具涂层材料和刀具结构三个方面,对CFRP/钛合金叠层结构制孔损伤控制中的刀具开发与应用现状进行了综述,并对相关研究中存在的不足和研究趋势进行了分析和探讨。     

PCD刀具钻削CFRP轴向力的试验与仿真研究

PCD刀具广泛应用于碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)的钻削,其轴向力的变化影响制孔的质量。本文利用试验与有限元技术相结合的方法,对PCD刀具钻削CFRP的轴向力进行研究。通过试验得到主轴转速为6000r/min、进给速度为150mm/min切削参数下轴向力的值最小为126. 4N;基于DEFORM-3D建立材料的本构模型,得到在PCD刀具即将钻出CFRP板时所产生的轴向力与扭矩的值最大,并通过试验数据验证了有限元模型的正确性;应用二元二次非线性回归公式,得到轴向力的回归方程。     

CFRP与钛合金叠层制孔钻头横刃结构优化

针对碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)与钛合金夹层结构制孔过程中加工质量、制孔效率与钻头寿命低等问题,以钻头的横刃结构为主要研究对象设计试验方案,对钻头横刃结构进行优化,以提高加工质量、制孔效率与钻头寿命。结果表明:优化后的横刃结构加工性能优于普通"X"形钻头横刃结构,不论是碳纤维复合材料部位还是钛合金部位轴向切削力明显减小。     

Investigation on thrust force in rotary ultrasonic drilling of CFRP using Brad drill

Abstract

The carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) has been widely used in manufacturing industry due to its excellent mechanical and physical properties. Brad drill, as a representative of new-type structural drills, is applied in processing of CFRP. Meantime, rotary ultrasonic drilling (RUD) is regarded as a superior method for machining composite materials, due to its outstanding performance in lowering thrust force and improving processing quality. However, there are few reports about RUD with Brad drill in CFRP drilling. In this study, the theoretical model of thrust force for RUD of CFRP using Brad drill is developed. The dynamic uncut chip thickness and average uncut chip thickness in RUD are obtained based on kinematic characteristics analysis. After that, the structure of Brad drill is analyzed and thrust force of the cutting lip is molded. Then a theoretical model is proposed to predict the thrust force. Finally, pilot experiments are conducted for the model verification. Experimental results show that the trends of thrust force agree well with the thrust force model and the prediction error is less than 10%.     

碳纤维复合材料/钛合金叠层钻孔质量研究

碳纤维复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced plastic,CFRP)/钛合金叠层的钻孔机理不同于单层材料钻孔,钛合金切屑在排出孔外过程中会对CFRP孔质量造成损伤。为了探究CFRP在叠层钻孔时的质量特性,设计正交试验分析了钛合金切屑和切削参数对CFRP层钻孔质量的影响。观察了轴向切削力和力矩的变化以及钛合金切屑形态,分析CFRP层孔径超差和入口撕裂的机理。结果表明:大进给量条件下,高温、高硬度的钛合金切屑会对CFRP产生严重的侵蚀,是导致CFRP孔径超差的主要原因,并会增大入口撕裂程度;CFRP入口撕裂主要产生在切削速度和纤维方向夹角θ=45°的位置,低切削速度不利于切削CFRP,会加大入口撕裂程度。因此,应使用小进给量钻削钛合金层,使用大切削速度钻削CFRP层;在保证钻头强度的前提下,推荐使用具有较大容屑空间的钻头。     

TiSiC涂层钻头钻削CFRP/TC4钛合金叠层材料的研究

为解决碳纤维复合材料/钛合金叠层材料制孔刀具使用寿命短的问题,本文提出采用Ti Si C涂层来提高刀具耐用度,并研究了Ti Si C涂层钻头钻削碳纤维复合材料/钛合金叠层材料时的轴向力、刀具磨损和孔出口质量。结果表明,Ti Si C涂层刀具能减小钻削钛合金的轴向力,延长刀具寿命和改善孔出口质量,且制孔一致性良好,有利于提高钻孔质量和刀具寿命。     

钛合金旋转超声辅助钻削的钻削力和切屑研究

针对难加工材料钛合金在采用普通麻花钻传统钻削过程中存在钻削力和扭矩较大使得钻孔困难,刀具使用寿命低,连续长切屑易缠绕刀具、划伤孔加工表面、增大刀具-切屑-工件孔壁之间的摩擦以及排屑差引起堵屑和卡刀具的问题,引入一种新刃型刀具（即八面钻）,并结合超声振动钻削技术,进行了钛合金旋转超声辅助钻削试验。分析了旋转超声辅助钻削和普通钻削中切屑形成原理,采用文中所设计的旋转超声振动钻削主轴结合BV100立式加工中心平台、测力系统和非接触激光测量系统进行了无冷却条件下基于八面钻的钛合金旋转超声辅助钻削和普通钻削试验以及钻削力、扭矩和切屑形态的研究。试验结果表明：相比于普通钻削,超声钻削明显降低钻削力和扭矩分别为19.07%~20.09%和31.66%~34.3%,明显增强了钻头横刃和主切削刃的切削能力,获得了良好的断屑和排屑效果,提高了切削过程的稳定性,能够极大改善钛合金钻孔过程钻削困难、刀具使用寿命低和孔加工质量差的问题。     

钎焊套料钻钻削碳纤维增强复合材料层合板出口撕裂缺陷的成因分析

针对碳纤维增强复合材料钻孔时钻头寿命短、易产生加工缺陷等问题,将钎焊金刚石套料钻应用于碳纤维增强复合材料的钻削加工中。为更好地说明钎焊金刚石套料钻的加工性能,选取了复合材料钻削中常用的金刚石涂层麻花钻进行比较,并选择了实际加工中严重影响加工质量的出口撕裂缺陷进行成因分析。通过检测与分析出口处加工质量,得到以下结论：对于不同结构形式的钻头,仅依靠轴向力及扭矩并不能判断是否产生撕裂缺陷;在相同工艺参数下,钎焊金刚石套料钻的轴向力及扭矩均小于金刚石涂层麻花钻的轴向力及扭矩,使用钎焊金刚石套料钻更有利于减少撕裂缺陷,提高加工效率。     

Experimental characterization and finite element modeling of critical thrust force in cfrp drilling

Composite laminates are used in many applications in ae-rospace/defense industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance properties. In general, composite materials are hard-to-machine materials which exhibit low drilling efficiency and drilling-induced delamination damage at exit. Hence, it is important to understand the drilling processes for composite materials. This article presents a comprehensive study involving experimental characterization of drilling process to understand the cutting mechanism and relative effect of cutting parameters on delamination during drilling of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). Thrust force and torque data are acquired for analyzing the cutting mechanism, initiation and propagation of delamination, and identification of critical thrust force below which no damage occurs. An FE model for prediction of critical thrust force has been developed and validated with experimental results. A [0/90] composite laminate is modeled simulating the last two plies in exit condition and a thin interface layer is inserted in between the plies to capture delamination extent. The tool geometry is modeled as “rigid body” with geometric features of twist drill used in experiments. The tool is indented on the workpiece to simulated tool feeding action into the workpiece. The FE model predicts the critical thrust force within 5% of the experimentally determined mean value.     

Tool life evaluation of CFRP drilling with three kinds of drill

Serious tool wear in CFRP drilling is one of the key problems to be solved urgently. Firstly, a suitable indirect evaluation index of tool life is selected according to the literature. The critical delamination force was obtained by blind hole pushing experiment. Then, tool wear experiments were carried out with double point angle drill, stepped drill and reverse edge compound drill to analyze the variation rules of the thrust force, exit burr, exit delamination and tear with tool wear. Threshold values of exit delamination, tearing and critical thrust force were compared with each evaluation index one by one to study the causes of drills failure. The results indicated that the maximum tool wear position was the outer corner. Among the three types drills, the thrust force, delamination factor and burr angle of the reverse edge compound drill are smaller. The double point angle drill fails due to the excessive thrust force, while the stepped drill and the reverse edge compound drill fail due to the hole exit delamination exceeding the threshold. The number of drilled holes of the reverse edge compound drill is 100 % and 25 % higher than that of the double point angle drill and the stepped drill, respectively. Therefore, the reverse edge compound drill is suitable for drilling CFRP.

     

基于力信号的低频振动制孔刀具磨损状态分析

为分析碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)/钛合金(TC4)叠层材料低频振动制孔工艺下刀具磨损状态,开展基于切削力信号的制孔刀具磨损状态研究.通过采集CFRP/TC4叠层材料低频振动制孔过程中的切削力信号,进行时域和频域分析,探讨各信号特征量与刀具磨损状态之间的联系.研究结果表明:CFRP/TC4叠层材料低频振动制孔轴...     

ROTARY ULTRASONIC MACHINING OF CARBON FIBER-REINFORCED POLYMER: FEASIBILITY STUDY

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been widely used in aircraft components, automotive parts, and sporting goods. Hole machining is the most frequently employed operation of secondary machining for fiber-reinforced composites. However, challenges (delamination, splintering, burr, short tool life, low machining precision, and low surface quality) still remain for their widespread applications. Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is a non-conventional machining process that has been used to drill holes in composite materials. However, it has not been used to drill this type of CFRP. In this article, RUM is introduced into drilling holes in this type of CFRP for the first time. The feasibility to machine carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy using RUM is investigated experimentally. Chips, edge chipping, surface roughness, tool wear, and thrust force were measured. Effects of RUM process variables (rotation speed, vibration amplitude, and feedrate) on thrust force and surface roughness were studied. Results showed that RUM could be used to drill holes in CFRP with high productivity and low tool wear. A better surface was produced by higher rotation speed and lower feed rate.