MW级风力发电机轮毂与主轴连接螺栓强度分析

针对MW级风力发电机轮毂与主轴连接螺栓强度设计问题,运用有限元软件ANSYS建立轮毂与主轴连接螺栓仿真模型;通过对轮毂与主轴连接螺栓的受力分析、螺栓有限元模拟方法的研究,基于GL规范,分别利用有限元方法和工程计算,对该连接螺栓进行了强度分析和接触面滑移分析。研究结果表明,螺栓强度和滑移面剪切力满足设计要求。该研究为风机轮毂与主轴连接螺栓强度校核提供了参考。     

基于周期对称模型的MW级风电机组变桨轴承连接螺栓强度计算

针对MW级风机变桨轴承连接螺栓的强度分析问题,采用周期性建模的方式建立了螺栓的有限元分析模型,并基于GL规范计算了螺栓的极限强度及疲劳强度。首先在最大预紧力工况下基于最大极限载荷计算得到了螺栓的最小极限安全系数。然后通过比较3个叶片的极限疲劳载荷得到了最大的极限疲劳载荷,在最小预紧力工况下基于该载荷得到了螺栓的载荷-应力非线性曲线,构建了新的载荷谱并根据载荷-应力曲线将该载荷谱转化为应力谱,利用雨流统计和Palmgren-Miner准则得到了螺栓的最小疲劳安全系数。计算结果表明,变桨轴承与轮毂连接螺栓和变桨轴承与叶片连接螺栓的极限、疲劳强度满足设计要求;该方法减少了有限元的计算量,为螺栓的强度分析提供了新的思路。     

风电机组主轴承内圈结构形式对连接螺栓强度的影响分析

以某风力发电机组的轮毂与主轴承连接螺栓强度分析为研究对象,分别采用两瓣式和三瓣式的主轴承内圈结构形式,使用ANSYS软件对轮毂与主轴承连接螺栓进行有限元建模计算,分析其极限强度、疲劳强度及主轴承内圈接触面的开口和滑移情况.结果表明:采用两瓣式的主轴承内圈结构形式,其极限强度和疲劳强度较好,但主轴承内圈接触面的开口和滑移...     

风电机组轮毂螺栓连接建模与接触强度分析

高强度螺栓是大型风电机组中重要的连接件。针对其接触强度分析,以某MW级风电机组中轮毂法兰与变桨轴承及主轴法兰螺栓连接为研究对象,基于VDI2230螺栓连接设计准则,首先建立了螺栓螺旋副接触刚度数学模型,提出采用等效梁模拟螺栓连接,并对轮毂螺栓连接进行有限元建模。在预紧力作用和极限工况下,分别对轮毂螺栓连接的接触强度进行了计算。结果表明,等效梁可准确模拟螺旋副接触力的传递;且在极限工况下,轮毂螺栓连接不会发生屈服破坏。提出的螺栓连接模型为螺栓接触强度分析提供了一种较为高效、准确的建模方法。     

MW级风电机组轮毂与变桨挡块强度分析

针对MW级风力发电机组轮毂强度安全问题,使用有限元分析软件ANSYS和疲劳分析软件FE-safe,在考虑变桨轴承非线性影响情况下,采用风轮总体模型与轮毂子模型相结合以及临界平面法与最大主应力算法相结合的计算方法,对某大型风力发电机组轮毂的极限强度与疲劳强度进行了评估;为使叶片变桨时准确停留在顺桨位置,在轮毂装配系统中设计了变桨缓冲装置,并对装置组成件变桨挡块和挡块凸台在顺桨工况下的极限强度进行了分析。研究结果表明:轮毂的极限和疲劳强度以及变桨挡块和挡块凸台的极限强度均能满足设计要求,为风电机组轮毂和变桨缓冲装置的设计提供了参考依据。     

考虑支撑结构及螺栓连接的变桨轴承强度分析

针对MW级风电机组变桨轴承静强度与疲劳强度分析的问题,建立了考虑轴承支撑结构刚度及螺栓连接的"叶片-轴承-轮毂"整体等效有限元模型。变桨轴承等效模型中滚球与滚道接触采用非线性弹簧等效,弹簧刚度利用Herz理论进行计算,并将弹簧节点与滚道曲面采用刚性联接,模拟滚球与滚道的接触边界条件;轴承与叶片、轮毂的螺栓连接采用梁单元进行等效,两端分别与被联接零件刚性联接,模拟轮毂-轴承-叶片螺栓联接接触边界条件;模型中弹簧载荷即为滚球载荷,基于Herz接触理论将得到的滚球载荷转化为接触应力,并可以分析滚球接触角变化与套圈变形及应力。采用此模型并结合ISO标准可以在考虑支撑结构及螺栓连接的基础上有效地分析变桨轴承静强度及疲劳强度,并且减少大规模接触计算,提高了计算效率。     

影响变桨轴承套圈及螺栓强度的因素分析

基于有限元分析方法,建立了某2.5 MW风电机组"叶片-螺栓-变桨轴承-螺栓-轮毂"的整体有限元模型,分析了螺栓预紧力、螺栓连接面摩擦因数和垫片高度对变桨轴承套圈及其连接螺栓应力的影响,结果表明:螺栓预紧力、垫片高度对轴承套圈及连接螺栓的最大应力和疲劳损伤最大值影响较大;结合面摩擦因数对连接螺栓疲劳损伤最大值影响较大,对连接螺栓的最大应力、轴承套圈的最大应力和疲劳损伤最大值影响较小。     

风机叶片根端连接螺栓的参数化建模及分析

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS参数化设计语言即APDL,高效快速建立参数化风机叶片连接部分的有限元模型。通过高强度叶根螺栓连接叶片根部和变桨轴承外圈,并对螺栓施加一定的预紧力。在预紧力和外部载荷共同作用下,ANSYS进行接触非线性计算,对叶根螺栓进行静力结构分析和强度校核,为叶片根端连接的设计优化提供指导。通过该方法可以提高叶片根端模型建模效率,缩短连接螺栓设计及校核周期。     

兆瓦级风机变桨轴承与轮毂连接螺栓的疲劳分析

针对1. 5 MW级风电机组叶片与轮毂连接处变桨轴承上的螺栓,提出一种计算连接螺栓的疲劳损伤值的方法。首先,运用Abaqus软件建立合理的有限元模型,对叶根中心处加弯矩载荷,利用Matlab完成弯矩时间历程谱转换成应力时间历程谱。最后对应力时间历程谱进行雨流计数法处理,再利用Miner线性累计损伤理论和S-N曲线对螺栓进行疲劳分析计算。结果表明螺栓的疲劳损伤值在安全范围内,风机到达使用寿命前螺栓的疲劳损伤很小。研究工作可以指导整个风机上连接螺栓的优化设计,为螺栓疲劳设计和寿命分析提供参考。     

安装螺栓对风电变桨轴承套圈结构变形的影响

风电变桨轴承的安装方式不同于传统轴承,在受载时,套圈存在结构变形。采用非线性弹簧替代球与沟道的接触,梁单元替代轮毂与变桨轴承以及叶片与变桨轴承之间的安装螺栓,建立有限元模型,计算轴承的载荷分布,并与传统计算方法对比,验证了有限元模型的正确性;同时讨论了螺栓预紧力及螺栓个数对变桨轴承套圈结构变形的影响。结果表明:套圈存在径向平面内的弯曲变形以及轴承截面的扭转变形,随预紧力降低,螺栓个数的减小,轴承套圈径向平面内的弯曲和截面扭转越来越显著。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.