考虑热-流-固耦合的径向滑动轴承润滑特性分析

文中建立了一种适用于研究径向滑动轴承实际运行过程中润滑特性的热-流-固耦合模型。模型中耦合了含紊流项的雷诺方程与能量方程，同时考虑轴瓦弹性变形对油膜厚度的影响。通过分析典型径向滑动轴承特性并与试验和已有数值结果比较，验证了文中模型。在此基础上分析了轴承承载力、摩擦力、偏位角等静特性参数及4个动特性系数的变化规律，并通过与单一考虑紊流效应、热效应或弹性变形情况下的结果进行比较，评价各物理效应对轴承性能参数的影响，可为工程中滑动轴承的性能评价提供参考。     

柴油机滑动轴承热流体动力润滑仿真研究

根据径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑理论,基于JFO理论提出的质量守恒边界条件,建立同时包含油膜完整区和空 穴压力变化的单缸柴油机滑动轴承热流体动力润滑模型,采用有限差分法求解模型方程,仿真分析滑动轴承的油膜厚度、油膜压力、润滑油流量和温度等参数对润滑性能的影响,分析内燃机滑动轴承润滑特性,为轴承润滑可靠性设计提供一定的理论依据.     

卧式水电机组局部多油楔径向滑动轴承研究

针对卧式水电机组用径向滑动轴承载荷日益提高的现状,设计一种局部多油楔瓦面结构的径向滑动轴承。通过联立求解膜厚方程、雷诺方程、密度方程、黏度方程、能量方程和固体热传导方程等,获得轴承的热流润滑特性,并与椭圆径向滑动轴承的热流特性进行对比。结果表明,局部多油楔径向滑动轴承具有较大的动压承载区域和较小的油膜压力梯度以及较低的油膜温升,可以大幅度提高轴承的承载能力。     

倾斜轴颈轴向运动对粗糙表面径向滑动轴承润滑性能的影响研究

通常对轴-径向滑动轴承进行润滑分析时,均忽略多种因素综合作用下轴颈沿轴承轴线方向的运动状况,与轴-轴承系统中轴承的实际工作状况存在较大差异。以轴-轴承系统为研究对象,综合考虑轴颈轴向运动、表面形貌和轴颈倾斜,基于平均Reynolds方程,建立了耦合轴颈轴向运动的粗糙表面径向滑动轴承润滑模型,主要探讨分析轴颈轴向运动对粗糙表面倾斜轴颈轴承润滑特性的影响。结果表明：倾斜轴颈轴向运动对粗糙表面径向滑动轴承润滑特性影响显著;与不考虑滑动表面粗糙度相比,考虑滑动表面粗糙度时轴颈轴向运动对轴承润滑特性的影响程度有所降低;轴颈轴向速度越小,滑动表面粗糙度对轴承最大油膜压力、承载力和稳定工作力矩影响越大;轴颈轴向速度越小,粗糙度模式对轴承润滑特性影响越显著。因此,对粗糙表面倾斜轴颈径向滑动轴承进行润滑分析考虑轴颈轴向运动的影响是非常必要的。     

内燃机滑动轴承性能正交试验方法研究

针对内燃机滑动轴承性能影响因素的复杂性，结合CAE技术和正交试验设计法来分析内燃机滑动轴承润滑性能，确定了关键影响因素分别是转速、间隙、宽度、润滑油粘度，得到了适合该轴承润滑性能关键因素的最佳组合。仿真计算结果表明，该组合是最优的。最后检验了正交试验法在分析内燃机滑动轴承润滑性能方面的正确性。     

EMP径向滑动轴承弹性变形的有限元求解

轴瓦材料的特殊性使弹性金属塑料瓦（ＥＭＰ）径向滑动轴承的热弹变形远大于普通金属瓦轴承,本文着重分析其弹性为形对轴承润滑特性的影响。并对采用三维有限元法和Ｗｉｎｋｅｒ假设方法计算得出的轴瓦弹性变形进行了比较。给出了ＥＭＰ径向滑动轴承弹性变形分析研究的一个实例,对其润滑特性进行了初步分析。     

考虑不同加速工况的滑动轴承的启停性能分析*

滑动轴承的摩擦磨损主要发生在启停阶段。为了研究启停工况下的滑动轴承的摩擦学性能,建立一种面向径向滑动轴承的混合润滑数值分析模型。采用质量守恒边界条件的雷诺方程求解流体压力,采用Greenwood和Tripp接触模型预测固体表面接触,而通过Johnson载荷分配概念将润滑模型和接触模型联系起来,从而实现对滑动轴承在启停工况下从混合润滑过渡到动压润滑的摩擦学行为分析。利用该模型,研究轴承系统在启停阶段从边界润滑、混合润滑到动压润滑演化过程中的摩擦学性能;以径向滑动轴承系统为例,结合不同的轴承转速变化函数,分析轴承加速对轴承启停性能的影响;同时研究工作工况、润滑油温度、轴承的结构参数对轴承启停性能的影响。结果表明：轴承启动加速度在合理范围内越大越好,能使轴承更快进入动压润滑;较高的转速、较低的润滑油温度和较大的径向轴承间隙能使轴承拥有更好的启停性能。     

卧式水电机组用径向滑动轴承热弹流特性分析

研究轴颈挠度和瓦块表面热弹变形对卧式水电机组径向滑动轴承静态润滑性能的影响。推导考虑轴颈挠度和轴瓦热弹变形后的油膜厚度表达式;用中心差分法结合ANSYS软件联立求解雷诺方程、能量方程、固体热传导方程、密度方程、黏度方程和轴瓦热弹变形等,得到径向滑动轴承的热弹流润滑(TEHD)特性,并与不计入轴颈挠度及轴瓦热弹变形的油膜动压润滑特性进行比较。结果表明:在考虑轴颈挠度和轴瓦瓦面热弹变形的影响后,油膜压力、温度、厚度沿着轴承宽度中心线的对称特性消失;油膜压力峰值增大,峰值点位置由轴向中心区偏移至出口区;油膜温度峰值增大,最高温度发生在出口区;润滑区内的最小油膜厚度大幅度减小,油膜最小厚度处于出口侧边界附近;轴承润滑流量减小,损耗略有增大;轴承稳态运行时,轴颈偏位角基本一致。     

湍流润滑动静压气体径向滑动轴承性能研究

以动静压气体径向滑动轴承为研究对象，考虑湍流润滑，基于有限差分方法求解引入湍流因子改良的可压缩雷诺润滑方程，计算湍流润滑动静压气体径向滑动轴承的压力分布，获得轴承承载力、静态刚度、交叉刚度、主刚度、交叉阻尼和主阻尼等表征动静压轴承静动态特性的基本参数，并分析偏心率、槽深、槽数、长径比等结构参数及轴颈转速和供气压力等工况对轴承静动态性能的影响规律。结果表明：连续性狭缝湍流润滑动静压气体径向滑动轴承的静态特性优于非连续性狭缝；轴承承载力随着偏心率、长期径比的增大而增大，随着槽区长度、槽深的增大而减小，槽数对承载力影响不大；轴承静态刚度随着偏心率的增大先增大后减小，随着长径比、槽深、槽数的增大而增大，随着槽区长度的增大而减小；较大的转速和供气压力有助于提升轴承的承载力和静态刚度；随着偏心率的增大，交叉刚度逐渐增大，主刚度先增大而减小，而交叉阻尼和主阻尼均增大。     

结构参数对滑动轴承润滑性能的影响

为探究结构参数对滑动轴承润滑性能的影响,以有限长径向滑动轴承为研究对象,基于流体润滑计算理论,建立了流体动压径向滑动轴承润滑模型,使用有限差分法求解Reynolds方程获得油膜厚度和压力,分析宽径比和相对间隙对滑动轴承动力学特性的影响。结果表明:有限长径向滑动轴承的压力三维分布图近似为连续的抛物面分布;适当增大滑动轴承的宽度,有利于滑动轴承润滑油膜形成,提高滑动轴承的承载能力;摩擦力矩和承载能力随相对间隙减小而增加,端泄流量随相对间隙增大而增大,相对间隙对偏位角无影响。     

内燃机主轴承摩擦功率损失的影响因素

研究了影响主轴承摩擦功率损失的影响因素,包括轴承表面粗糙度、润滑油温度、曲轴转速、轴颈间隙和供油提前角,同时分析各影响因素对内燃机主轴承的影响。分析所用物理模型为直列六缸内燃机,其数学模型主要依据有限差分法与欧拉法求解雷诺方程,润滑油膜接触通过在时域内压力平衡迭代计算。对内燃机曲轴主轴承摩擦功率损失影响因素进行了探讨,计算结果表明,在内燃机零部件设计阶段应充分考虑轴承间隙以及表面粗糙度对摩擦功率损失的影响。     

Analysis of Thermoelastohydrodynamic Performance of Journal Misaligned Engine Main Bearings

To understand the engine maln bearings’ working condition is important in order to improve the performance of engine. However, thermal effects and thermal effect deformations of engine maln bearings ar...     

Multiple-support shafts with journal bearings: A simulation and evaluation of their performance

As the most common example of multiple-support shafts, the crankshaft of a multicylinder internal combustion engine (ICE) resting on the supports with journal bearings operating in steady-state regimes under the conditions of hydrodynamic lubrication has been considered. It has been taken into account that the supports can be deformed elastically causing a bending of the shaft, the deviation of shaft journals, and the change in the working conditions of the bearings up to the occurrence of the regime of mixed lubrication. Methods of estimating the performance of the tribosystem have been described.     

计及轴颈轴向运动的径向滑动轴承润滑分析

以轴-径向滑动轴承系统为研究对象,综合考虑轴颈轴向运动和倾斜,建立了倾斜轴颈的轴承的流体动力润滑模型,采用有限差分法求解Reynolds方程,分析了不同的轴颈倾角、转速、偏心率和轴承间隙下的轴颈轴向运动对倾斜轴颈的轴承润滑性能的影响规律。结果表明：轴颈轴向运动对倾斜轴颈滑动轴承润滑特性影响显著,且影响程度与轴颈倾角和转速有直接的关系,倾角越大,对轴承润滑性能的影响越大,转速越低,对轴承润滑性能的影响越显著;轴承间隙越小,对轴承润滑性能的影响越大。     

Refined simulation of friction power loss in crank shaft slider bearings considering wear in the mixed lubrication regime

Friction reduction is a fundamental factor in decreasing fuel consumption of internal combustion engines. During the design stage of the engine the simulation of friction in the crank mechanism plays a vital role to develop optimum solutions. Due to the interaction of oil and elastic structures with rough surfaces in slider bearings, complex simulation models have to be used for representing the relevant physical behavior. The following article is focused on crank shaft slider bearings of large engines.The article describes a procedure evaluated by measurements showing how to model wear profiles of slider bearings to reach a high quality friction forecast. A fundamental influencing factor of bearing friction is given by the mixed lubrication regime and it is considered in the simulation model as part of asperity contact friction and hydrodynamic friction. Further effects result from the compliance in radial and width directions of the bearing structure and the wear of the bearing surface. Furthermore, the specific operating conditions of the slider bearing such as load, temperature, shaft speed and oil characteristics are essential and have to be taken into account.The objective of this investigation is to propose the wear profile of the bearing surface for the simulation model to be treated iteratively, where simulation results for the amount of mixed lubrication are successively assessed. For this purpose an iterative procedure is introduced and validated by measurements on a slider bearing test rig.The applied simulation method is based on elastic multi-body systems; the lubrication film contact is calculated based on Reynolds differential equation via the pressure balance calculated iteratively in the time domain. The model accounting for the mixed lubrication regime is based on the theory of Greenwood and Tripp.     

Analysis of Noncircular Hole-Entry Capillary-Compensated Hybrid Journal Bearing with Micropolar Lubrication

This article presents the analysis of a two-lobe hole-entry hybrid journal bearing operating with micropolar lubrication. The modified Reynolds equation governing the laminar flow of isoviscous, incompressible micropolar lubricant in the clearance space of a journal bearing system has been solved using a finite element model incorporating appropriate boundary conditions. A comparative analysis between circular and noncircular two-lobe hybrid journal bearings with capillary restrictor under Newtonian and micropolar lubrication has been presented. It is concluded that bearing performance characteristics are significantly influenced by micropolar lubrication.     

Combined effects of surface roughness and couple stresses on static and dynamic behaviour of squeeze film lubrication of porous journal bearings

Abstract

The combined effects of surface roughness and the couple stresses on the static and dynamic characteristics of squeeze film lubrication in porous journal bearings with no journal rotation are theoretically studied. The Stokes couple stress fluid model is considered to model the lubricants with additives. The surface roughness on the porous journal bearing is mathematically modelled by a random variable with non-zero mean, variance and skewness. The generalised stochastic Reynolds type equation is derived for the problem under consideration. The applied load is considered as a sinusoidal function of time to simulate the bearings operating under cyclic loads. The closed form expressions for the bearing characteristics are obtained for the short porous journal bearings. It is observed that the negatively skewed surface roughness and couple stresses improve the performance of the porous journal bearings as compared to the smooth journal bearings with Newtonian lubricants. However, the presence of positively skewed surface roughness on the bearing surface affects its performance.     

轴颈倾斜对内燃机主轴承润滑和磨损的影响

建立内燃机主轴承热弹性流体动力润滑模型,考虑轴颈倾斜,以粗糙接触压力表征轴颈与轴瓦的磨损程度.通过对不同工况下主轴颈倾斜角度、粗糙接触压力等的计算,研究轴颈倾斜对主轴承润滑和磨损的影响.结果表明,轴颈不对中倾斜角度较小时,主轴承仍能够处于流体润滑状态;轴颈倾斜角度较大时,轴承处于边界润滑状态,出现偏摩擦磨损.转速和负荷对轴颈倾斜影响较大,高转速和满负荷时轴承的润滑不良,磨损较大.     

内燃机轴承失圆对润滑特性的影响

为研究内燃机主轴承失圆对轴承润滑特性的影响规律,以某V型12缸柴油机为研究对象,建立曲柄连杆机构多柔体动力学模型,结合基于质量守恒边界条件的广义雷诺方程模型,分析失主轴承波形失圆误差对轴承润滑特性的影响规律。研究表明：随主轴承波形失圆误差增大,轴承峰值总压力显著增加,轴承发生表面疲劳及黏接失效概率较高,同时轴承润滑状态明显变差,润滑稳定性降低;但主轴承波形失圆误差对平均总摩擦功率损失影响不显著。