LabVIEW与C语言的接口技术及其应用

在介绍虚拟仪器及其软件开发平台LabVIEW特点的基础上，指出了基于LabVIEW的G语言与传统的编程语言的不同．并阐述了LabVIEW在开发虚拟仪器中的强大优势。结合具体例子，重点讨论了LabVIEW与C语言接口的高级技术CIN(Code Interface Node)。应用表明．此方法的高效，可行性、它充分利用了C语言的强大优势．大大增强了LabVIEW的整体功能。     

基于离子淌度质谱的代谢物碰撞截面积测量方法和数据库研究进展

代谢组学旨在全面系统地分析复杂生物样本中的代谢物。近年来,离子淌度质谱（IM-MS）技术快速发展,为代谢组学分析提供了强大的技术支撑。离子淌度质谱根据代谢物的化学结构进行气相分离,其衍生的碰撞截面积（CCS）可作为一种新的物理化学性质,辅助用于鉴定已知和未知代谢物的化学结构。碰撞截面积在代谢组学中的应用需要确保对其准确测量,同时需要构建高覆盖、高准确的碰撞截面积数据库。本文旨在介绍常见的不同类型商业化离子淌度质谱及其对小分子代谢物碰撞截面积测量和校正的原理,归纳目前可用于代谢组学应用的碰撞截面积数据库,并展望碰撞截面积在代谢组学中的应用。     

基于LabWindows／CVI的虚拟数字滤波器设计与实现

虚拟仪器（VI）是现代计算机技术和传统仪器仪表技术相结合的产物,是仪器发展的重要方向。LabWindows／CVI是一个基于文本式编程语言的虚拟仪器开发工具。文章阐述了运用LabWindows／CVI文本式编程语言开发虚拟数字滤波器的方法和实例。     

Measurement and control of surface finish in manufacture

The topography of technical surfaces and the reasons for their assessment in the fields of process control and precision engineering are reviewed. Alternative approaches to surface characterization and the range of instrumentation currently available for measuring surface texture are discussed. Particular reference is made to digital profiling instruments based on microprocessors and to the extended range of parameters these instruments can provide. Throughout, discussion is linked to the contents of Australian Standard AS2536     

图像处理在流量仪表检定中的应用

在很多工业应用中需要对仪表显示值进行自动识别,本文提出了一种仪表自动化检定的新方法,介绍了一种基于数字图像处理技术的指针式仪表读数识别方法,克服了传统方法中由于手动和人工读数造成的精度低、可靠性差等缺点。本文先对整个系统结构予以介绍,然后讲述了图像预处理、图像分析和识别等数字图像处理技术,这些都是仪表自动检定系统中关键部分。     

GC/MS By Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Data System Developments

ABSTRACT

The ability of time-of-flight mass spectrometers to produce up to 10,000 mass spectra per second suggests that these instruments may be ideal for use in GC/MS work. For GC/TOF-MS to be a useful technique, specific improvements in TOF technology are required. To completely utilize the mass spectral data available in TOF-MS, a data system is required that can collect and manipulate these large numbers of mass spectra per second. Progress in instrumentation and data system development, at the Michigan State University/National Institutes of Health Mass Spectrometry Facility, is directed toward the maturation of GC/TOF-MS as a viable technology.     

圆度、圆柱度和同轴度的测量原理及数据处理的解析方法

在形位公差国标的贯彻中,形位误差的精确测量是一项很重要的工作。目前,测量圆度的仪器主要有圆度仪,而测量圆柱度和同轴度还没有专用的测量设备,配有电子计算机进行数据处理的也很少见。本文的目的是提供一种圆度、圆柱度和同轴度的测量原理和用于电子计算机的线性数据处理的解析方法为设计新的专用测量设备用的。这样,与通用测量设备相比可以进一步提高测量的精度和效率。由于圆度测量及数据处理是上述三种项目测量的基础,因此本文以圆度的测量及数据处理的解析方法作为重点加以介绍,同时对被测零件的安装精度提出了要求。     

Interfacing a microcomputer with the Varian EM-360 NMR spectrometer

Numerous NMR signal enhancement devices (CAT or Computers of Average Transients) are available commercially but at relatively high cost. These also have little or no flexibility of application, i.e., they are essentially signal averagers and nothing else. A far superior alternative, both in economy and range of application, is found in the new generation of computational devices based upon 8-bit LSI microprocessors. This paper reports the practical details of achieving a successful interface between one such microcomputer, the Altair 8800B, and the Varian EM-360 (1)H-NMR spectrometer. The resulting system is programmable in high level language (8k basic) and has sufficient memory to achieve 4096 point (12 bit) field resoltuion. The interface yields an intelligent instrument with multiple capabilities. Several operating modes have been developed using high level language programming, and these include conventional spectrum acquisition with variable field resolution, repetitive scan CAT, difference spectrometry, kinetic NMR spectrometry, progressive saturation analysis (for T1 and T2), and INDOR. The CAT program, for example, required 2 h to develop and debug, while a graphic output subroutine (shared by all modes) was written in 1 h. Correlation spectrometry is under development and requires user defined machine language routines. The system provides a graphic output of digitized data (using the existing recorder), magnetic storage of data files, and immediate data reduction capabilities.     

Pseudo-vibration sensitivities for commercial laser vibrometers

Pseudo-vibration sensitivities in laser vibrometry are the consequence of measurement noise generated by surface motions other than that on-axis with the incident laser beam(s), such as transverse and tilt vibrations or rotation. Concentrating solely on commercial laser vibrometers to maximise value to the vibrometer user, this paper quantifies pseudo-vibration sensitivities for five single beam instruments (for translational vibration measurement) and two parallel beam instruments (for angular vibration measurement) across a range of surface treatments and roughnesses. Transverse, tilt and rotation sensitivities are quantified for the single beam instruments. In-plane rotation, rotation and tilt sensitivities are quantified for the parallel beam instruments. Estimates of sensitivities for parallel beam instruments based on related quantifications for single beam instruments are shown to offer order-of-magnitude agreement. Further confirmation is provided of the benefits of smaller laser beams for measurements on tilting or rotating surfaces and of larger beams for measurements on surfaces with transverse motion. For rotor vibration applications, lower sensitivities are found for a focus location on the shaft rotation axis rather than its surface. Based on experimental evidence, refinements to the test methods are suggested with a view towards the formation of a Standard. These comprise placing limits on surface flatness and rotor out-of-roundness, inclusion of agreed ranges for target displacement amplitude and rotor diameter, and acknowledgement of the importance of focus location for rotation sensitivities.     

On the extinction coefficient in confocal polarization microscopy

The extinction coefficient in conventional polarized light microscopes is non-zero, even with perfect polars, solely because of the image formation process in these instruments. The imaging in confocal microscopes is different from conventional instruments and it is shown that in this case an infinite extinction coefficient results in the ideal case whereas a finite value is always to be expected with conventional instruments. Images of the same microelectronic specimen taken in both conventional and confocal polarized light microscopes are compared.     

冶金业用智能化分析仪器的结构和易发故障处理方法

介绍了冶金业用智能化分析仪器的结构及其构件的功能和作用，分析了这类仪器易发故障的原因，并给出了相应的处理方法。     

浅谈提高大型仪器设备使用效率的措施

大型仪器设备在高校学科建设中起着重要的支撑作用,高校对仪器设备的投入逐年增加,本文从提高机时利用率、管理人员素质和健全管理制度等方面探讨了提高大型仪器设备使用效率的措施。     

Utilizing multi-language international software standards for distributed process control

All distributed control systems to date have relied on proprietary software languages to implement distributed process control. These range from easy-to-understand function blocks and boolean logic algorithms to more complex text language construct. Standard programming languages with custom extensions for real-time control also have been available. International standards from the IEC now are available to allow multi-language, graphical, and real-time implementation. The paper will present these languages along with a modern presentation technique to show the overall flexibility and benefits of international language standards applied to process control.     

Investigations of new possibilities in the calibration of diamond hardness indenters geometry

The influence of Rockwell and Vickers diamond indenters geometry in hardness measurements justifies the strict specifications and tolerances in the relative standards. Many methods, and consequently dedicated instruments, have been developed to investigate the geometrical parameters in order to calibrate the diamond indenters. Most of them, using contact or contactless methods, can only investigate some profiles of the indenters; from these partial measurements the whole geometry is derived. Few other instruments can investigate the whole shape but, since they are custom-developed, costs and difficulties in the calibration of these instruments have limited their use.A new method is proposed in this paper using a commercial and not dedicated instrument: a 3D measuring confocal microscope. This type of instrument has also the advantage that the whole geometry is analysed with a consequently knowledge improvement in the indenter calibration.In the paper the measurement method, the used instrument and its calibration to assure traceability to the length and angle standards are investigated.     

Evaluation of circularity from coordinate and form data using computational geometric techniques

Data for evaluating circularity error can be obtained from coordinate measuring machines or form measuring instruments. In this article, appropriate methods based on computational geometric techniques have been developed to deal with coordinate measurement data and form data. The computational geometric concepts of convex hulls are used, and a new heuristic algorithm is suggested to arrive at the inner hull. Equi-Distant (Voronoi) and newly proposed Equi-Angular diagrams are employed for establishing the assessment features under different conditions. The algorithms developed in this article are implemented and validated with the simulated data and the data available in the literature.     

电伴热在核电站仪表及测量管道保温中的应用

我国早期建设的核电站均地处气候温和地带．因此无须考虑仪表及管道的保温。但随着核电政策的调整．我国新投资建设的核电站中部分分布在寒冷地带．在这些核电站中为了保证仪表的正常运作，就必须对仪表及管道进行保温处理。本文深入分析各种伴热方式的特点．结合核电站仪表及管线的分布特点．给出了寒冷地带核电站仪表及管道的保温方案。     

基于虚拟维修仿真的维修性分析技术研究及系统实现

在中国国家自然科学基金项目《并行设计中产品维修性模型研究》资助下，以维修性设计分析适应产品设计数字化、集成化趋势为背景与需求，对虚拟维修仿真以及基于虚拟维修仿真的维修性分析技术进行理论与相关技术研究，开发维修性设计分析系统。对所涉及的理论、技术及系统开发成果进行学术总结。 根据并行工程理论，设计阶段必须考虑产品的维修问题，需要开展维修性设计。维修性是通过维修过程所体现的一种质量特性，必须通过人-产品-工具/设施/设备的相互作用才能准确发现存在的问题，现有的维修性分析技术难以在设计阶段对上述任务进行分析，虚拟现实技术是解决该问题的途径。开展6方面的研究工作。 基于虚拟维修仿真的维修性分析系统的结构框架。分析基于虚拟维修仿真的维修性分析的内涵，明确其基本过程、手段及目的，总结出该技术的4个主要特点，包括维修过程和维修环境的全数字化、与实际维修的相似性与一致性、能同时满足经济性和及时性要求、良好的集成特性；提出包括界面层、应用层、对象层和技术支持层的系统结构框架；明确需要解决维修过程分解与动作分类、虚拟维修样机、虚拟维修仿真、维修性分析等4项关键技术。     

Modern State of Nondestructive Testing of Mechanical Properties and Stamping Ability of Steel Sheets in a Manufacturing Technological Flow

The modern state of methods and instruments of nondestructive testing of mechanical properties and stamping ability in a manufacturing technological flow is systematized and analyzed. The underlying principles of designing and features of operation of these instruments, as well as their basic advantages and limitations and ways of reducing the effect of interfering factors, are considered.     

LabVIEW中GPIB仪器编程

在LabVIEW开发环境下,实现对GPIB仪器控制时,采用GPIB模块驱动、VISA模块驱动、指定仪器驱动程序三种方法编程的优缺点及应用方面的技巧.对从事自动测试软件设计者具有极高的参考价值.