机车轮对压装过程弹塑性模拟

过盈联接存在应力集中，应力集中对联接的可靠性和配合零件的疲劳寿命有着直接的影响，因此，为了保证联接的可靠性和配合零件的疲劳寿命，在设计与制造中必须尽可能地考虑各种因素的影响。用有限元方法对机车轮对压装过程进行了弹性和弹塑性有限元模拟，有限元分析结果表明，弹塑性模拟分析比弹性模拟更加真实，不但能够模拟车轮与车轴中的应力分布，反映轮毂间的接触边缘应力集中等，而且能够比较准确地计算出轮对的塑性变形及其影响，因此，弹塑性有限元分析对安全性要求很高的机车轮对过盈配合的设计和制造就更有指导意义。     

汽车钢圈疲劳寿命研究

汽车车轮是介于轮胎和车桥之间承受整车负荷的旋转件,是汽车行驶系统中重要的安全部件。钢圈的主要破坏形式是循环载荷产生的疲劳破坏,它是导致钢圈破坏的主要原因。文中研究了轮辐与轮辋的装配过盈量、接触量长度及轮辐外圆的加工状态对钢圈径向疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明,当接触量长度一定时,钢圈的疲劳寿命随着过盈量的增加而增大;当过盈量一定时,随着接触量长度的增加,钢圈的疲劳寿命逐渐增大,钢圈的最大疲劳寿命大于100万次。轮辐外圆未车削时,在较大的过盈量下,钢圈可达到较高的疲劳寿命。     

钢制车轮弯曲疲劳试验与寿命估算

疲劳破坏是引起钢制车轮失效的主要原因。在钢制车轮应用中,应该评估好其性能特征,降低车轮失效机率,同时保护好车轮的安全度。根据钢制车轮的使用标准,设计弯曲疲劳试验,在此基础上估算车轮的寿命,加强钢制车轮的性能控制力度。本文以钢制车轮为研究对象,分析弯曲疲劳试验与寿命估算。     

制动热应力对车轮辐板单轴疲劳影响

随着重载列车的不断发展,辐板的热-机疲劳成为车轮破坏的主要形式。基于Ansys有限元软件,对车轮辐板的制动热应力进行分析,利用单轴疲劳准则和Haigh-Goodman疲劳极限图对车轮辐板进行疲劳评估。分析了制动热应力对车轮辐板单轴疲劳的影响。结果发现:(1)未考虑制动热应力下,新制轮和磨耗轮辐板的各节点的抗疲劳性能均满足要求;制造态残余应力使辐板的疲劳薄弱位置发生了转移;最易发生疲劳的截面为0°、180°和40°～60°。(2)考虑制动热应力下,新制轮和磨耗轮辐板的各节点的抗疲劳性能均满足要求,但是在FPH和BPR处平均应力未能达到安全要求。     

地铁A型车轮对疲劳强度分析

以地铁A型车轮对作为研究对象,采用结构有限元的方法对其疲劳特性进行理论研究,建立三维实体模型,计算其过盈配合强度,基于UIC510-5标准,同时考虑过盈配合的影响对轮对有限元模型施加指定的约束和载荷,计算轮对静力学强度,采用疲劳极限法并参照车轮Goodman疲劳极限图,计算车轮疲劳强度。最后,参照欧洲EN13103标准,校核计算车轴主要截面的疲劳应力,可为地铁列车轮对的结构优化提供一定参考。     

钢制车轮动态弯曲试验疲劳寿命预测

建立了钢制车轮动态弯曲疲劳试验的有限元静力学模型,分析了试验条件下一个载荷循环的结果响应,得到了八个载荷步的疲劳损伤载荷.基于Ansys/Fe-safe耐久性分析软件,用多轴临界面疲劳损伤模型,采用Brown-Miller准则,预测了车轮弯曲试验疲劳寿命.结果表明车轮动态弯曲疲劳试验性能满足要求,但疲劳安全系数不高.给出了改进设计的建议.     

铝合金轮毂轮辐轻量化分析

以16x7J铝合金轮毂为研究对象，根据弯曲疲劳试验，运用ANSYS Workbench建立车轮有限元模型。通过对有限元计算结果的分析，得到应力和应变分布情况。通过寿命预测，轮辐厚度减少1 mm，其寿命仍可达到国家标准要求。研究表明：该方法可缩短设计周期，降低成本，减轻车轮重量，对工程应用有一定的实用价值。     

基于弯曲疲劳试验的铝合金车轮有限元分析

基于某型车轮弯曲疲劳试验建立了铝合金车轮有限元模型,使用NX有限元分析软件进行静力分析,采用名义应力法和局部应力应变法预测了铝合金车轮弯曲试验的疲劳寿命。通过与弯曲疲劳试验对比,车轮弯曲疲劳试验结果与有限元计算结果相吻合,验证了有限元方法预测疲劳失效部位、降低研发成本和缩短研发周期的有效性。     

集成铸造数值模拟的车轮疲劳分析

弯曲疲劳寿命是汽车车轮重要的性能指标,目前其预测方法仍局限于传统的名义应力法或局部应力应变法,没有考虑微观组织和铸造缺陷对疲劳寿命的影响,预测铝合金车轮在低应力水平下的高周疲劳寿命时与实际情况存在相当差距。基于小裂纹扩展理论,建立低压铸造铝合金A356-T6车轮的以二次枝晶臂间距、针孔尺寸为参数的疲劳寿命预测模型。实现铸造模拟、有限元分析与疲劳分析的集成,初步建立起综合铸造过程、铸造缺陷以及相关下游制造工艺对车轮力学性能影响的平台。以某型车轮为例,采用该方法预测其弯曲疲劳寿命,试验验证预测结果比Simth-Waston-Topper方法更为准确。     

接触分析在车轮弯曲疲劳有限元分析中的应用

利用有限元接触分析方法,建立车轮、试验轴、螺栓连接件的有限元模型,施加合理的载荷与边界条件,模拟车轮弯曲疲劳试验。通过有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立模型、设置接触对与相关参数,得出车轮高应力区域与各应力值。运用疲劳寿命计算理论中的名义应力法及ANSYS软件估算车轮疲劳寿命,且两数据基本一致。与车轮弯曲疲劳试验结果比较表明:在疲劳寿命计算理论与ANSYS软件估算的疲劳寿命内车轮均没有破坏。从而验证了运用接触分析有限元法预估车轮寿命的有效性,为以后的结构改进起到了指导作用。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.