组合涡发生器在螺旋板式换热器上的强化传热研究

在螺旋板式换热器螺旋通道内设置三角翼和椭圆柱组合涡发生器,利用流体计算软件Fluent进行三维数值模拟。研究了Re为4000～7000内组合涡发生器对通道平均Nu和平均阻力系数f的影响,并应用场协同原理进行了分析。与只加装椭圆柱涡发生器的螺旋板式换热器进行对比,结果表明,纵向涡发生器产生的二次流能改善螺旋通道内的速度场与温度场的协同性,起到强化换热作用。在正三角形排列方式下,组合涡发生器通道的平均Nu比椭圆柱涡发生器的平均Nu增大8.7%,阻力因子f减小23.7%,强化换热的效果较好。     

斜截椭圆柱式涡流发生器强化传热的大涡模拟

对流体在放置斜截椭圆柱式涡流发生器矩形槽道内的流动与传热特性进行大涡模拟,得出流场中速度、温度与压力参数的瞬态变化特性,再现温度场、压力场及诱导旋涡的变化过程,并对流动结构及涡流发生器强化传热的机理进行分析。为验证大涡模拟计算结果的准确性,在相同条件下对未布置涡流发生器的空槽道分别采用湍流模型和大涡模拟进行对比计算,两者的计算结果符合较好。计算结果表明：流场中布置的涡流发生器可以诱导漩涡,而由其所诱导的流向涡对强化传热起主要作用。与相同条件下未布置涡流发生器的情况相比,局部对流换热系数可提高64%～105%,平均对流换热系数则可提高17%～36%;涡流发生器附近位置的对流换热系数提高幅度最大,传热面附近流体的流动状况及流动结构与传热密切相关。     

半椭圆涡流发生器强化换热机理

对单列及双列方式排列的一种斜截半椭圆柱体涡流发生器,以稳态的气、水逆流换热方式为模型,用数值方法模拟了迎流攻角为0°～90°,雷诺数6 000～48 000范围内的传热特性。结果表明:涡流发生器可以诱导纵向涡与流向涡,起到强化传热的作用,纵向涡在强化传热中起主要作用。     

Investigation of a novel Couette flow with cylindrical baffles

The high-precision measure instrument for flow velocity is essential for industrial applications because the high-precision velocity can well reflect the physical characteristic of the flow. A restricted laminar Couette flow with cylindrical baffles, using a synthetic heat conduction liquid, was designed to obtain a steady vortex flow and wider work scope, according to Couette flow and Suspension flow characteristics. The heat transfer mechanism was investigated with a laminar flow model by the Fourier law. The research indicates that the heat transfer enhancement is related to the Temperature Boundary Layer (TBL). The TBL is affected by the Velocity Boundary Layer (VBL). The TBL thickness and Nusselt number (Nu) have a dependent relationship. The Reynolds number (Re) and the gap between the baffle and plate wall (Δh/h) can further affect Nu. The vortex flow generated by Couette flow can significantly enhance the heat transfer performance by a double spiral structure, which can rapidly mix heat fluxes and make the temperature converge to uniform. There is a sensitive and stable relationship between flow velocity and heat transfer. Notably, it is linear when Δh/h or Re is small, which can be used to design a high-precision thermal flow velocity meter.     

板式脉动热管强化传热方法研究

为了研究板式脉动热管的传热性能强化的方法,对原型和改进型两种不同板式脉动热管传热特性进行数值分析比较。基于VOF方法建立板式脉动热管汽液两相流动及相变传热三维非稳态数学模型,仿真得到不同加热功率条件下热管内流型演化和温度分布。仿真结果表明,改进型脉动热管在高功率阶段,整体等效热阻小于原型。     

Heat transfer enhancement for fin-tube heat exchanger using vortex generators

Vortex generators are fabricated on the fin surface of a fin-tube heat exchanger to augment the convective heat transfer. In addition to horseshoe vortices formed naturally around the tube of the fin-tube heat exchanger, longitudinal vortices are artificially created on the fin surface by vortex generators. The purpose of this study is to investigate the local heat transfer phenomena in the fin-tube heat exchangers with and without vortex generators, and to evaluate the effect of vortices on the heat transfer enhancement. Naphthalene sublimation technique is employed to measure local mass transfer coefficients, then analogy equation between heat and mass transfer is used to calculate heat transfer coefficients. Experiments are performed for the model of fin-circular tube heat exchangers with and without vortex generators, and of fin-flat tube heat exchangers with and without vortex generators. Average heat transfer coefficients of fin-flat tube heat exchanger without vortex generator are much lower than those of fin-circular tube heat exchanger. On the other hand, fin-flat tube heat exchanger with vortex generators has much higher heat transfer value than conventional fin-circular tube heat exchanger. At the same time, pressure losses for four types of heat exchanger is measured and compared.     

斜截半椭圆柱面涡发生器在管道中的传热数值模拟研究

管内设置一种斜截半椭圆柱面涡发生器,利用计算软件F luent进行数值模拟研究,研究以烟气为加热介质,冷空气为冷却介质的换热方式在不同Re数下不同攻角和倾角的传热及阻力特性,并与光管进行了对比。结果表明:斜截半椭圆柱面涡发生器能明显提高换热性能,在所研究的纵向涡发生器中,攻角为60°,倾角为15°时,涡发生器强化传热综合效果最佳。     

翅片热板散热器的传热研究

在已设计的翅片热板散热器基础上进行了传热性能实验,对于充装不同工质、工质充装量、翅片热板散热器的工作方式等因素都进行了较深入的传热测试,分析这些因素对翅片热板散热器传热性能的影响.同时对翅片热板散热器的瞬态和稳态传热性能也进行了实验测试,分析了瞬态、稳态表面温度变化曲线,并进行了传热性能比较分析,讨论了工质充装量、倾斜角度等对翅片热板散热器传热性能的影响.     

Analysis of enhancement and impairment mechanisms of natural convection heat transfer on a vertical finned plate

We investigated the heat transfer enhancement and impairment mechanisms of the laminar natural convection on a vertical finned plate. Numerical analyses were performed for wide ranges of Prandtl numbers 0.7–2014, Rayleigh numbers 3.69×10⁵−8.49×10¹⁰ and fin heights 0.0025–0.5 m. Experiments were performed for a few cases for verification. Four different heat transfer mechanisms were identified: corner, core acceleration, chimney and in-flow effects. The competitions of these mechanisms depending on the fin geometries and the Prandtl number resulted in complex variations of the heat transfer. The results showed the heat transfer enhancement of maximum 6.9 % for Pr = 2014, L = 0.1 m and H = 0.015 m and impairment up to 47 % for Pr = 0.7, L = 0.1 m and H = 0.015 m compared with that of a flat plate with the same heat transfer area and baseplate length.

     

纵向涡发生器在空气预热器中的强化传热数值模拟研究

针对空气预热器中传热性能低下的问题,将纵向涡器运用于空气预热器热管内,以烟气为介质,运用计算软件FLUENT进行数值模拟,研究在不同Re数下,涡发生器对管内烟气的传热及流动阻力的影响,比较了不同攻角及翼高与管内半径之比的直角三角翼涡发生器强化换热效果,并与光管的换热系数和阻力系数进行了对比。分析表明,纵向涡发生器能明显提高换热性能,在所研究的纵向涡发生器中,攻角为45°时,涡发生器强化传热效果较好。随着Re数的改变,具有最佳传热效果的涡发生器结构也会有所不同。     

Axial slit wall effect on the flow instability and heat transfer in rotating concentric cylinders

The slit wall effect on the flow instability and heat transfer characteristics in Taylor-Couette flow was numerically studied by changing the rotating Reynolds number and applying the negative temperature gradient. The concentric cylinders with slit wall are seen in many rotating machineries. Six different models with the slit number 0, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 were investigated in this study. The results show the axial slit wall enhances the Taylor vortex flow and suppresses the azimuthal variation of wavy Taylor vortex flow. When negative temperature gradient exists, the results show that the heat transfer augmentation appears from laminar Taylor vortex to turbulent Taylor flow regime. The heat transfer enhancement become stronger as increasing the Reynolds number and slit number. The larger slit number model also accelerates the flow transition regardless of the negative temperature gradient or isothermal condition.     

Nanofluid thin film flow and heat transfer over an unsteady stretching elastic sheet by LSM

This study is carried out on the unsteady flow and heat transfer of a nanofluid in a stretching flat plate. Least square method is implemented for solving the governing equations. It also attempts to demonstrate the accuracy of the aforementioned method compared with a numerical one, Runge-Kutta fourth order. Furthermore, the impact of some physical parameters like unsteadiness parameter (S), Prandtl number (Pr) and the nanoparticles volume fraction (?) on the temperature and velocity profiles is scrutinized carefully. Accordingly, the results obtained from this study reveal that the temperature enhances by means of augmenting the nanoparticles volume fraction. At η ∈ {0, 0.5}, the velocity decreases as a result of a rise in nanoparticles volume fraction and at η ∈ {0.5, 1}, an opposite treatment takes place. Moreover, velocity distribution augments by raising the S value, however an inverse trend is observed in temperature values. Moreover, the local skin friction coefficient indicated a notable rise by increasing the S parameter as well as a steady decrease by rising ?. Finally, water-Alumina nanofluid demonstrated better heat transfer enhancement compared to other types of nanofluids.     

螺旋曲面通道内组合涡发生器的强化传热及优化研究

对螺旋曲面通道壁面上设置三角翼和椭圆柱两种组合涡发生器进行了研究,利用计算机流体软件Fluent进行数值模拟,在雷诺数Re为4000～7000范围内,研究组合间距s、三角翼攻角α、椭圆柱攻角β对换热的影响。由正交实验对涡发生器的结构进行整体优化,得出影响换热因素的主次顺序及优化组合结构,并通过实验比较优化结构与常规结构的综合强化换热效果。结果表明当s＝90 mm、α＝45°、β＝45°时,其综合换热效果最佳。     

翅片热板散热器的传热数值模拟研究

采用有限元法,应用ANSYS软件的热分析功能对翅片热板散热器的传热性能进行了数值模拟,并计算出该散热器表面的瞬态温度变化曲线,与实验测试结果吻合得较好.最后的研究结果表明:所研制的新型功率电子元器件翅片热板散热器散热性能良好,具有良好的启动性能和等温性能.     

高效热扩展技术在干式T/R组件散热中的对比研究

T/R组件散热是有源相控阵雷达领域的重要课题,大功耗、高热流密度器件在冷板上会形成局部热障,产生扩展热阻。文中以干式风冷T/R组件散热为研究对象,采用三维数值模拟方法对铝冷板、金刚石/铜、热管及蒸汽腔等高效热扩展技术进行了对比研究,探讨了导热系数、冷板厚度、对流换热系数对扩展热阻的影响规律。结果表明,提高冷板的等效换热系数是减小扩展热阻、强化传热最有效的途径之一。同时合理优化冷板厚度及散热器对流换热系数能有效降低高热流密度器件的工作温度。     

考虑摩擦副接触应力场和冷却流场的湿式离合器温度场分析

温度对湿式离合器摩擦副的摩擦特性和热失效具有重要影响。为了获取湿式离合器温度场的分布规律,建立摩擦副接触应力分布有限元模型和摩擦片沟槽内冷却流场数值计算模型,获得了摩擦副接触应力随离合器接合油压的变化规律和冷却流场对流换热随离合器转速的变化规律。在此基础上,提出考虑离合器摩擦副接触应力分布时变特性和冷却流场分布时变特性的离合器温度场数值计算模型。将所建温度场模型的仿真结果与试验结果作对比,验证了所建温度场模型的正确性。通过计算获得了湿式离合器接合过程中不同钢片在半径和厚度方向的温度分布规律,揭示了摩擦副接触应力场和摩擦片沟槽内冷却流场对离合器温度场的影响规律。结果表明,在离合器摩擦副半径方向上,摩擦副的温度分布规律与接触应力分布规律相一致。而摩擦片沟槽内冷却流场的对流换热主要影响离合器同步阶段的温度分布。     

散热器翅片结构对流体流动及换热过程影响的数值仿真研究

用CFD软件FLUENT对散热器常用的平翅片和波纹翅片表面的流体流动及换热过程进行了数值模拟,获得了翅片表面的流场、温度场、压力场以及换热量、换热系数的变化规律。模拟结果表明在相同气流量的条件下,波纹翅片的压力损失比平翅片的大,平均表面换热系数及换热量均比平翅片的高,翅片的形状结构对流场分布和强化换热效果的影响较大。     

卧式半圆柱型涡流发生器的传热与阻力特性及场协同理论分析

为研究卧式半圆柱型涡流发生器的特性,通过数值模拟方法对安装有卧式半圆柱型涡流发生器的矩形通道进行了传热和流阻特性的研究。结果表明:在相同雷诺数Re下,安装有卧式半圆柱型涡流发生器的矩形通道的换热效果明显优于矩形光滑通道,但阻力系数也均大于矩形光滑通道。对比综合性能指标表明,6/8H楞长处的综合特性PEC值最大。通过对场协同理论分析得出,矩形光滑通道和四种不同楞长的卧式半圆柱型涡流发生器的协同数Fc均随着雷诺数Re的增大而减小,而且其变化趋势也越来越平缓,最终逐渐趋近于定值。相同雷诺数Re下,楞长为6/8H时的协同数Fc最大。     

一种新型低温热管传热性能的试验研究

对某内部一体式吸液芯结构的低温热管进行了一系列试验研究,主要分析了该型热管水平工况下不同加热功率及工作温度对其轴向温度分布、最大温差、当量导热系数、总热阻以及蒸发/凝结传热系数的影响。研究结果表明:该型热管元件在-30~0℃的工况下具有较好的均温特性和传热能力,适用于对恒温特性有一定要求的0~40W的小功率热量传输场合。     

The forced convection flow over a flat plate with finite length with a constant convective boundary condition

The flow of a fluid past a flat plate of finite length and infinite width (two-dimensional flow) is considered. The plate is heated by convection from a fluid with constant temperature T _f with a constant heat transfer coefficient h _f . In all previous works, the problem was considered using boundary layer theory whereas, in the present work, the solution is based on the full Navier-Stokes equations. The problem is investigated numerically with a finite volume method using the commercial code ANSYS FLUENT. The governing parameters are the Reynolds number, the new heat transfer parameter, and the Prandtl number. In addition, the influence of these three parameters on the temperature field is investigated. It is found that high Reynolds and high Prandtl numbers the wall temperature increases along the plate. They reach a maximum near the trailing edge then decrease. The same occurs as the heat transfer parameter increases. When the Reynolds and Prandtl numbers are low, the plate temperature tends to become symmetric, with a maximum at the middle of the plate. The temperature profiles become thicker as the Reynolds number and the Prandtl number is reduced while the temperature profiles become thicker as the heat transfer parameter increases.