Consumer acceptance measurement focusing on a specified sensory attribute of products: Can the attribute-specified degree of satisfaction-difference (DOSD) method replace hedonic scaling?

A specific attribute can play an important role in determining consumers’ perceived quality and acceptance of a product. Kim, van Hout, Dessirier, and Lee (2018) proposed a new affective method, the degree of satisfaction-difference (DOSD) method, to study consumer acceptance in terms of overall satisfaction with products. In the present study, this DOSD method was further developed to assess satisfaction for a specified attribute of products rather than overall satisfaction, and this modification is referred to as the attribute-specified DOSD method. To test its applicability, 11 bouillon products (including a reference product) varying in viscosity were used as stimuli. Satisfaction with the perceived mouthfeel thickness, which is a viscosity-related sensory attribute, was evaluated with the attribute-specified DOSD method and with a 10-point category scale for overall liking as the control method. Two groups of consumers performed either the attribute-specified DOSD method or hedonic scaling over two repeated sessions. Results showed that the satisfaction patterns of the attribute-specified DOSD method were similar to those of the hedonic scaling across products, confirming that the mouthfeel thickness was a determinant of consumer acceptance for bouillon products. Examining the test reliability in terms of consistency of consumers’ responses for the same stimulus in different sessions, both groups showed consistent results. The subjects who performed the attribute-specified DOSD method were also segmented based on the degree of satisfaction with the reference product. Here, each consumer sensory segment showed different patterns on satisfaction with other test products. These findings demonstrate the potential of the attribute-specified DOSD method for measuring the consumer responses to the level/quality of an important attribute/dimension and highlight its usefulness for consumer sensory segmentation.     

Steps towards a consumer-driven ‘concept innovation machine’ for food and drink

Innovation is often left to insight and serendipity. A lot of what researchers call innovation is actually a process by which one can make the individual consumer or practitioner more ‘creative’. Although it is important to work with the creative individual in hopes of coming up with the better ‘idea’ and new product/service opportunity, an equally valid albeit novel and counterintuitive approach systematizes creativity in a ‘research-driven machine’. This paper presents an approach to the systematization, based upon the point of view that creativity and innovation comprise the recombination of components into new blends. Given this point of view, to then spur innovation requires a systematic database that the user can access, with tools to help manipulate that database. The paper shows how such a database can be constructed and then used to create a novel product. The approach provides a general framework for the sensory professional to become more involved in the early stages of product development, where the focus is on the conceptual aspects of food features rather than on their physical manifestations in actual products.     

转基因食品及其检测技术的研究进展

基因工程通过DNA重组技术，能够获得有特殊生物遗传性状和功能的遗传工程生物体（GMO）。基因工程技术应用于农业、食品工程，产生了转基因食品。本文概述了转基因食品在国内外的发展状况，并简要介绍了转基因食品检测技术的原理、优缺点及应用情况。     

基于改进的预扩增qPCR建立虹鳟源性成分检验方法

目的 建立改进的预扩增实时荧光定量PCR（Quantitative Real-time PCR）法检验虹鳟源性成分的方法。方法 基于对现行标准中虹鳟qPCR方法进行验证和改进提高,建立改进的预扩增qPCR方法,并对两种qPCR方法进行比较。结果 经验证,在采用标准中qPCR方法对虹鳟的近种鱼种银鲑、大西洋鲑等鱼种进行特异性验证时有交叉反应,基于设置预扩增反应步骤的改进qPCR方法特异性良好,对于银鲑、大西洋鲑等近种鱼种未出现交叉扩增。qPCR和预扩增qPCR方法的扩增效率分别为90.25%、104.91%,最低检出限分别为2.99×10-3 ng/μL （0.83~8.87 pg/μL,95% CI）和1.50×10-4 ng/μL （0.09~0.27 pg/μL,95% CI）。结论 所改进的虹鳟源性成分预扩增qPCR方法具有高特异性、高灵敏度,适用于食品样品中虹鳟源性成分的真实性和掺假检验。     

白酒中氰化物含量定性检测方法的研究

建立了苦味酸试纸定性检测白酒中氰化物的方法,消除酒精含量的干扰,并利用正交实验选样方式优选实验条件。酒精含量对该方法的影响较大,42%vol以上的酒需降度处理。检测最优条件为:42%vol以下的酒,45℃水浴加热30 min;方法检出限为0.15 mg/L。与GB/T5009.48的定量测定方法进行比对,未发现假阳性或假阴性现象。该方法的建立可以对大批量白酒样品中是否含有一定量的氰化物进行筛选,具有简单、快捷的特点,大大提高了工作效率,在实际检验工作中具有非常重要的意义。     

木工带锯振动领域的研究发展

基于木工带锯机锯切稳定性与切削性能的考虑,本文通过对国内外木工带锯振动领域的研究进展综述,并提出加快我国木工机械理论研究和应用步伐的建议。     

转基因食品分析检测技术研究进展

随着转基因研发技术的快速发展及在农业领域产业化应用的不断推进,抗逆、抗病和高产优质的转基因(genetically modified,GM)作物品种日渐增多。但转基因食品(genetically modified food,GMF)在带来极大经济效益同时,其安全性也备受争议。因此,世界各国不断建立和完善GM产品标识制度,有些国家甚至规定了转基因成分(genetically modified ingredients,GMIs)具体阈值限量。为更好地对GMF安全性提供评价,识别和量化转基因成分(GMIs)检测技术的持续创新与发展尤为重要。本文从基于外源核酸水平的检测技术和基于外源蛋白的检测技术两个方面,系统介绍了定性PCR技术、定量PCR技术、等温扩增技术、基因组测序技术、酶联免疫吸附技术、免疫层析试纸条技术以及较新的CRISPR/Cas核酸检测技术等重要技术的原理、应用情况和研究进展,并总结分析各转基因食品成分检测技术的优缺点和亟需解决的难点问题,以期为促进GMF快速、准确及高通量检测技术发展,为确保我国GMF安全的高效准确的监督提供有效支撑。     

基于能量算法的中密度纤维板超声波无损检测

在研究回波法检测机理和数字信号处理理论的基础上,设计了一套以TMS320VC5410 DSP(DigitalSignal Processing)芯片为核心的测试系统,并相应地设计了16位定点DSP算法程序,实现了对中密度纤维板(MDF)分层损伤的无损检测。     

The effect of inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation on the textural,rheological and sensory properties of bread and their role in weight management: A review

There is evidence that fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin can impart a range of health benefits if consumed on a regular basis. The health benefits include increased mineral absorption and improved immune response and while there is mounting evidence that prebiotics play a role in colorectal cancer prevention, their role of satiety and weight management is still being investigated.     

副溶血弧菌PCR检测方法研究进展

副溶血弧菌是引起包括我国在内的世界各地沿海地区食物中毒的重要食源性致病菌,患者有典型的肠胃炎症状。及时准确地对食品中的副溶血弧菌进行检测是预防该菌引起的食物中毒的关键。分子生物学检测方法在副溶血弧菌检测中具有许多优势,现已得到广泛的应用。本文对PCR检测方法中的多重PCR、有扩增内标的PCR、实时荧光PCR(包括荧光染料法和荧光探针法)、基于DNA染料叠氮溴化乙锭和叠氮溴化丙锭的PCR、纳米粒子PCR、免疫捕获PCR、PCR-变性高效液相色谱、PCR-酶联免疫吸附等方法的国内外研究情况进行了综述,并对其检测效率、灵敏度、优点和缺点等进行了分析比较,环介导等温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)——包括常规LAMP和原位LAMP因与PCR方法有相似之处,故一并进行了综述,为副溶血弧菌PCR检测方法的应用与开发提供参考。     

基于金属有机框架材料的农产品中农兽药残留快速检测与去除研究进展

农产品中农兽药残留的检测与去除是食品安全风险防控的重要环节。目前检测农兽药残留的方法主要是仪器分析法,但存在检测时间长、操作要求高等不足,无法满足快速检测的需求。金属有机框架（Metal-Organic Frameworks,MOFs）是一种由金属离子或金属簇与有机配体构成的杂化材料,其具备吸附富集、催化降解、可发荧光及产生电化学信号等功能,因而具有良好的潜力应用于农兽药残留的快速检测与去除。本文阐述了MOFs材料的富集去除、催化降解、荧光传感和电化学传感四种功能,总结了基于MOFs的不同功能开发的农兽药残留快速检测与去除方法,综合分析了结合RGB分析技术与便携式监测设备后的优势与不足,讨论了MOFs应用于农兽药残留检测与去除的挑战。本文为MOFs快速检测技术的进一步发展提供参考。     

大麻二酚检测方法的研究进展

大麻二酚(cannabidiol,CBD)是一种非精神活性大麻素,不具有成瘾性,并且现代药理学证明,大麻二酚具有诸如抗癫痫、抗焦虑、镇静等多种药理学活性,表明大麻二酚是一种具有广阔应用前景的活性天然产物。工业大麻又名火麻、胡麻、线麻等,为大麻科(Cannabaceae)大麻属(Cannabis)的一年生草本植物。工业大麻应用广泛,作为优质的植物蛋白和植物油脂来源,备受食品加工、保健品、化妆品等行业的青睐。工业大麻在我国使用历史悠久,中国古代医书《黄帝内经》《本草纲目》均有对工业大麻入药的记载。在工业大麻的种植及加工过程中,大麻二酚不断累积和代谢,因此,大麻二酚的检测对工业大麻原料及制品的品质评价及安全控制具有重要意义。本文分类介绍了近年来国内外文献报道的大麻二酚检测方法,对这些方法的应用特点和检测效果进行综述,并对我国未来大麻二酚检测技术的发展趋势进行展望,以期为相关研究提供借鉴。     

化学发光酶免疫分析法检测食品中赭曲霉毒素

目的：建立检测食品中赭曲霉毒素(OA)快速灵敏化学发光酶免疫方法。方法：采用棋盘滴定法确定OABSA抗原的包被质量浓度、包被量以及一抗和二抗的工作稀释度,建立间接竞争抑制曲线,确定线性范围、检出限和回收率。结果：确定的检测工作条件为：OA-BSA 最佳包被质量浓度60ng/mL,抗OA 单克隆抗体的最佳工作稀释度1:400,校正曲线线性范围6～400ng/mL,赭曲霉毒素的检出限为0.02ng/mL,50% 抑制质量浓度145ng/mL,在100～2000ng/g 添加水平的回收率范围为83.6%～105.8%。用所建方法对质控样品进行了分析,检测结果符合率达到100%。结论：所建方法准确、灵敏,适用于食品中OA 的筛选。     

Statistical and Thurstonian models for the A-not A protocol with and without sureness

The A-not A protocol with sureness produce multinomial observations that are traditionally analyzed with statistical methods for contingency tables or by calculation of an R-index. In this paper it is shown that the Thurstonian model for the A-not A protocol can be written as a cumulative link model including the binormal unequal variances model. The model is extended to allow for explanatory variables and we illustrate how consumer differences can be modeled within the Thurstonian framework on a consumer study of packet soup conducted by Unilever. The extension also allows several test-product variations to be analyzed in the same model providing additional insight and reduced experimental costs. The effects of explanatory variables on the Thurstonian delta, the sensitivity (AUC), the ROC curve and the response category thresholds are discussed in detail. All statistical methods are implemented in the free R-package ordinal (http://www.cran.r-project.org/package=ordinal/).     

免疫学法检测黄曲霉毒素的研究进展

黄曲霉毒素是黄曲霉菌和寄生曲霉菌的次生代谢产物,是世界卫生组织公认的致癌物。目前,对黄曲霉毒素的检测方法有薄层层析法、高效液相色谱法和酶联免疫吸附法等,其中免疫化学方法具有特异性强、灵敏度高和快速简便等优点,在黄曲霉毒素的检测中应用广泛。建立快速、简便和无毒的检测体系将成为今后检测AFT的研究热点。     

转基因食品检测技术的应用与发展Ⅱ.检测技术的分类、比较、应用及检测步骤

本文对转基因食品的检测技术进行了分类,比较了各种检测方法的应用特点,介绍了主要检测技术在转基因食品中的应用,并概括了转基因食品的检测技术路线、程序与步骤。