大枣多糖抗氧化及抗炎活性的研究

本研究通过建立1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼基(DPPH)自由基、2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基、羟基自由基、还原力等4种体外模型研究大枣多糖的抗氧化活性;建立脂多糖(LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞RAW264.7模型研究大枣多糖的抗炎活性。实验结果表明,大枣多糖具有较强的抗氧化活性,对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基、羟基自由基的半抑制浓度IC50分别为0.9、2.8、1.1 mg/m L;总还原力为1.0时,对应的Vc和大枣多糖浓度分别为0.08 mg/m L和2.95 mg/m L,大枣多糖的抗氧化活性呈浓度依赖性。高剂量的大枣多糖能够显著降低RAW264.7细胞中炎症因子如环氧合酶-2(COX-2),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的含量,表明大枣多糖具有较强的抗炎活性。大枣多糖可望作为抗氧化剂和抗炎制剂应用于功能性食品和医药工业。     

不同结构大麦多糖降血糖活性差异的研究

大麦不同溶剂提取物中多糖结构及其降血糖效果差异的研究。用水、30%乙醇、70%乙醇对大麦进行提取,最终得水提醇沉物、30%乙醇提醇沉物、70%乙醇提取物。将各提取物分别灌胃给予链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠,检测其降血糖作用。用DEAE-cellulose柱、HW-55F柱和Sephacryl S-400柱分别对有降血糖作用的水提醇沉物、30%乙醇提醇沉物进行分离提纯,各得到一种多糖。多糖(BP)I为呋喃葡萄糖分子以1→3键相连,α和β构型交替出现,无侧链,分子式为(C_(21)H_(33)O_(16))n;多糖(BP)II为半乳糖分子以1→4键相连形成主链,另有一个半乳糖分子连在主链糖分子的C-6位上,形成侧链,分子式为(C_(37)H_(62)O_(26))n。大麦水提多糖与30%乙醇提多糖的一级结构不同,使得两种多糖的降血糖作用有区别。     

仙人掌多糖提取与多糖胶囊的制备

本研究以仙人掌浓缩清汁为勾原料，进行仙人掌多糖提取的单因素及正交提取试验，并将提取的仙人掌多糖制备成多糖胶囊。正交提取试验结果表明，仙人掌汁浓缩5倍，乙醇与仙人掌汁的比例为1：3，醇析温度为-18℃时，仙人掌多糖的提取得率最高；仙人掌多糖胶囊制备方法：以95％乙醇作为仙人掌多糖的粘合剂制粒，6％～8％HPMC溶于60％乙醇中作包衣液，在35～40℃下包衣，干燥2h后装胶囊，可获得品质较好的仙人掌多糖胶囊。     

热水浸提及乙醇沉淀的工艺优化提高猴头菇多糖提取率

为了提高猴头菇多糖的提取率和含量,采用单因素试验对影响猴头菇多糖热水浸提的影响因素(颗粒大小、提取次数、料液比、提取时间)及乙醇沉淀的影响因素(浸提液浓缩体积、醇沉浓度、醇沉时间)进行优化,以确定猴头菇多糖的最佳提取条件。结果表明热水浸提的最优工艺为:猴头菇颗粒大小20目,提取料液比1∶20,在100℃提取2次,每次提取3h,此条件下猴头菇粗多糖提取率为10.31%,粗多糖含量为23.43%;而进一步优化的乙醇沉淀工艺为:浸提液浓缩80%的水分,乙醇沉淀浓度80%,室温下醇沉6h,此条件下猴头菇粗多糖提取率为6.86%,粗多糖含量为57.65%。     

怀地黄和怀山药混合提取多糖工艺优化

对怀地黄和怀山药混合提取多糖的工艺参数进行研究。通过考察提取温度、固液比、提取液pH、浸提液与乙醇添加量对怀地黄和怀山药混合提取多糖的影响,采用L(933)正交试验,以多糖含量作为指标,确定混合提取多糖的最佳温度、pH、固液比。结果:怀地黄和怀山药混合提取多糖的最佳工艺参数为,浸提温度65℃、浸提液pH 5.0、固液比为1∶20(g/mL)、浸提液浓缩比为4∶1,沉降剂乙醇添加量6倍于浸提液体积,混合提取多糖率为44.78%。     

灵芝发酵液的超滤提取及其抗氧化活性的研究

考察了超滤浓缩醇沉法提取发酵灵芝胞外多糖,超滤条件:截留分子量10000,压差0.2MPa,料液浓度12.20mg/mL。超滤浓缩法与传统的减压浓缩法相比,多糖含量、多糖得率均高于后者,所得多糖的品质得到提高,相应减轻了后道多糖纯化的负担。灵芝胞外多糖对羟自由基·OH(HFR)有较好的清除能力,在一定范围内清除率与浓度呈正相关,超滤浓缩醇沉法提取灵芝胞外多糖的·OH清除率高于减压浓缩醇沉法。     

乙醇沉淀法提取葡萄多糖的研究

利用乙醇沉淀法提取葡萄多糖。研究表明此法提取葡萄多糖的最佳条件为：温度90℃，时间2h，料液体积比1：2，次数为3。在提取液浓缩至原体积1／10的基础上用6倍体积的体积浓度95％乙醇进行沉淀。根据最佳提取工艺可使葡萄多糖的提取率达到99．9％。     

侯圆圆，杨延超，徐德平*

大麦不同溶剂提取物中多糖结构及其降血糖效果差异的研究。 用水、30 %乙醇、70 %乙醇对大麦进行提取，最 终得水提醇沉物、30 %乙醇提醇沉物、70 %乙醇提取物。将各提取物分别灌胃给予链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠，检测 其降血糖作用。用 DEAE-cellulose 柱、HW-55F 柱和 Sephacryl S-400 柱分别对有降血糖作用的水提醇沉物、30 %乙醇提 醇沉物进行分离提纯，各得到一种多糖。多糖（BP）I 为呋喃葡萄糖分子以 1→3 键相连，α 和 β 构型交替出现，无侧链，分 子式为（C21H33O16）n；多糖（BP）II 为半乳糖分子以 1→4 键相连形成主链，另有一个半乳糖分子连在主链糖分子的 C-6 位 上，形成侧链，分子式为（C37H62O26）n。大麦水提多糖与 30 %乙醇提多糖的一级结构不同，使得两种多糖的降血糖作用有 区别。     

仙人掌多糖胶囊的制备

以仙人掌浓缩清汁为原料,进行仙人掌多糖的正交提取试验,并将提取的仙人掌多糖制备成多糖胶囊。正交提取实验结果表明,仙人掌汁浓缩5倍,乙醇与仙人掌汁的比例为1∶3,醇析温度为-18℃时,仙人掌多糖的提取得率最高;仙人掌多糖胶囊制备方法:以95%乙醇作为仙人掌多糖的黏合剂制粒,6%～8%HPMC溶于60%乙醇中作包衣液,在35～40℃下包衣,干燥2h后装胶囊,可获得品质较好的仙人掌多糖胶囊。     

银杏叶活性成分提取与分离的研究

采用70％乙醇热回流提取银杏叶中的活性成分,在浓缩过程中按照7:1的比例减压浓缩,以减少活性物质的损失,提取率和活性成分含量均有明显提高。并用薄层层析法和柱色谱技术进一步分离提取物中的银杏内酯B。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.