预处理玉米秸秆发酵生产燃料酒精的研究

本文利用正交试验对玉米秸秆发酵生产燃料酒精的条件进行了摇瓶试验。试验发现，采用管囊酵母SQY－001与酿酒酵母SQY－002混合菌种发酵生产酒精的最适条件为发酵温度36℃，发酵周期为72h，转速为80－100r/min，纤维素酶用量为40IU／g底物，管囊酵母与酿酒酵母的接种比例为2：1，并在此条件下得到酒精产率为0．148g/g。     

玉米芯糖化发酵生产燃料酒精的研究

利用正交试验对玉米芯发酵生产燃料酒精的条件进行了摇瓶试验。试验发现,采用管囊酵母SQY-001发酵生产酒精的最适条件为发酵温度36℃,发酵周期为72h,转速为100r/min,纤维素酶用量为40IU/(g·底物),并在此条件下得到酒精产率为0.152g/g。     

纤维废弃物发酵生产酒精的工艺研究

以纤维废弃物为原料,采用纤维素酶降解糖化发酵生产酒精.结果表明:甘蔗渣经1.0%稀硫酸121℃保温2 h预处理后,采用40 U/g纤维素酶,50℃,pH=5.0,酶解120 min,得糖率为36.8%.由正交试验分析可知,用酿酒酵母发酵生产酒精的最佳条件为:发酵时间72 h,发酵温度为28℃,酵母接种量1.00%,在此条件下,酒精产率为15.31 g/g;4个因素对酒精产率的影响,其重要性顺序依次为发酵时间>发酵温度>酵母接种量>纤维素酶用量.     

嗜鞣管囊酵母发酵柑橘皮水解液生产乙醇的研究

本文旨在研究嗜鞣管囊酵母利用柑橘皮半纤维素水解液发酵生产乙醇的可行性.采用木聚糖酶水解柑橘皮半纤维素,利用嗜鞣管囊酵母(Pachysolen tannophilus)进行木糖发酵生产乙醇;测定嗜鞣管囊酵母细胞生长曲线,乙醇生产及木糖残留曲线,并研究发酵工艺条件.试验结果表明,嗜鞣管囊酵母可有效利用柑橘皮水解液中的木糖进行细胞生长和乙醇生产.以柑橘皮水解液为碳源,发酵生产乙醇是可行的.优化的乙醇发酵生产工艺条件是:发酵时间20 h、温度28℃、摇床转速100 r/min、初始pH 4.5、接种量5％.在此工艺条件下,乙醇产量10.1 mg/mL,乙醇得率0.388 g乙醇/g木糖,是理论得率的84.3％.     

酿酒酵母和异常汉逊酵母混合发酵黄酒工艺研究

以酿酒酵母和异常汉逊酵母为黄酒发酵菌种,分别考察2种酵母对18 °Bx糖化液的发酵特性,结果表明酿酒酵母产酒精(9.9% vol)能力强于异常汉逊酵母(6.8% vol),异常汉逊酵母产挥发酯(2.41 g/L)显著高于酿酒酵母(0.53 g/L)。比较混菌发酵途径,顺序混合发酵酒精度(8.1% vol)略低于同时混合发酵酒精度(8.7% vol),挥发酯含量(1.59 g/L)显著高于同时混合发酵(0.56 g/L)(P<0.05),结合发酵过程理化指标和感官评价结果,选择顺序混合发酵途径较为合适。通过单因素和Box-Benhnken中心组合试验设计,选择主发酵温度、pH值、酵母接种量3个因素对顺序混合发酵黄酒产品的挥发酯含量进行响应面优化,结果显示:顺序混合发酵黄酒的最佳参数为:发酵温度31.5 ℃,接种量1.0×107个/mL,pH 4.2。验证试验表明,在此条件下顺序混合发酵黄酒的挥发酯含量为(1.66±0.028)g/L,与预测值1.70 g/L相差不大,比酿酒酵母单独发酵提高213%。本研究为非酿酒酵母在黄酒发酵上的应用奠定了基础。     

以木糖为原料的酒精发酵研究

对产朊假丝酵母山2．120，嗜鞣管囊酵母As2．1585和粗糙脉孢菌出3．1598等3种菌株在以木糖为惟一碳源的培养基上的生长和发酵情况进行研究．结果表明：嗜鞣管囊酵母As2．1585可以很好地发酵木糖生产酒精，在28℃，150r／min条件下，摇瓶发酵摩尔分数为3％的木糖72h，酒精体积分数达到最大值0．63％，木糖利用率为91．67％，每100g木糖产酒精22．9g，为理论酒精产率的48．7％。     

利用96孔板和酿酒酵母生长圈复合筛选高产管囊酵母

野生酿酒酵母不能利用木糖作为碳源,但是可以利用乙醇作为碳源和能源。管囊酵母可以利用木糖生产乙醇。酿酒酵母可以利用管囊酵母生产的乙醇作为碳源。本研究将管囊酵母进行紫外诱变后,利用96孔板培养,选取OD值较高的孔进行酿酒酵母生长圈筛选。管囊酵母在木糖(5%)为唯一碳源的YNB培养基上生长并产生乙醇。产生的乙醇越多,指示菌酿酒酵母的生长圈相对越大。利用酿酒酵母生长圈法筛选的正变率为35.22%,筛出1株菌UV171,乙醇产量为10.7 g/L,比对照高25.9%,对菌株UV171进行稳定性实验,传至3代其产量稳定。     

菠萝皮渣生产酒精关键工艺研究

对影响菠萝皮渣发酵生产酒精的工艺过程及其关键工艺参数进行了研究。通过单因素试验初步确定了菠萝皮渣酒精发酵的工艺条件,然后通过正交试验进一步优化了工艺参数和工艺过程。结果表明:发酵温度33℃、酵母用量5 g/100g、发酵时间3 d为菠萝皮渣酒精发酵生产酒精的最优工艺条件。     

香格里拉葡萄酒产区野生酿酒酵母的分离鉴定和发酵性能研究

对香格里拉葡萄酒产区中的野生酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)进行分离鉴定,对鉴定出的98株酿酒酵母进行抗性评价以及发酵特性分析。运用杜氏管发酵法从98株酿酒酵母中选取16株起发早、发酵速度快、产香好的菌株,然后对这16株酿酒酵母进行耐糖、耐酒精、耐氯化钠以及耐高温等抗性评价,最终选出DW4-3、DS3-8、DS2-5、DS3-6、JP2-3等5株可以耐受500 g/L葡萄糖,120 g/L氯化钠,14%vol酒精和耐55℃高温的酿酒酵母菌株做下一步的模拟酒精发酵和酿酒试验。最后对不同菌株发酵葡萄酒的理化性质进行综合分析,菌株DS2-5所酿干红葡萄酒总糖、酒精度和总酸均符合干红葡萄酒国家标准,且在干浸出物,总酚和单宁含量等方面表现突出,干浸出物和总酚含量高于商业酵母F15,色调和商业酵母无显著性差异。     

同步糖化发酵工艺酿造白莲藕酒的研究

利用筛选出的米曲霉和酿酒酵母,以南四湖水产品白莲藕和鱼台大米为主要原料,采用同步糖化发酵工艺酿造白莲藕酒。采取单因素试验和正交优化试验考察了酵母接种量、米曲用量及发酵温度对酒精度、甲醇含量及风味的影响。结果表明,最佳发酵工艺条件为酵母接种量1.0×10¹⁰ cfu/L、米曲用量200 g/kg、发酵温度20℃,100 L小试酿造试验显示成品酒各项指标符合国家标准,口感优雅,气味芬芳。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.