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1.
用阻抗分析法快速检测牛奶中抗生素残留的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究立足于牛奶中抗生素的快速检测,用嗜热乳酸链球菌作为指示菌,通过“阻抗分析仪”的自动检测、分析,根据DT时间的产生,判断牛奶中抗生素的残留情况。试验表明,方法操作简单、快捷,结果易判断,全部检测过程可在2 h之内完成。该方法的检测灵敏度与GB方法相类似,可检测牛奶中的青霉素为0.04U/mL。  相似文献   

2.
研究了通过检测黏度判断牛奶变质的原理。结果表明,牛奶变质过程确实伴随着黏度的变化,并且变质后的牛奶黏度明显增大。该方法检测牛奶变质具有速度快、操作简单的特点。  相似文献   

3.
目的:解决现有牛奶蛋白质检测方法存在的精度低、效率低和人工依赖性强等问题。方法:基于高光谱成像系统,提出一种将改进的鲸鱼算法与Elman神经网络相结合用于牛奶蛋白质含量快速无损检测。通过混沌映射、自适应收敛因子、自适应权重优化鲸鱼算法,提高搜索精度,优化后对Elman神经网络参数(权重和阈值)进行寻优。通过试验分析所提无损检测方法的性能。结果:与常规检测方法相比,试验方法在牛奶蛋白质无损检测的多个性能指标方面均为最优,决定系数为0.997 3,均方根误差为0.000 3,检测时间为1.56 s。结论:试验方法具有较高的检测精度和检测效率。  相似文献   

4.
介绍四环素类兽残快速检测的几种常用方法及区别,并就目前市场上3种典型牛奶用液相色谱-质谱/质谱法,进行土霉素、四环素、金霉素、强力霉素4种抗生素检测,结果表明3种牛奶中四环素含量均低于检出限,效果较好。  相似文献   

5.
利用青霉素结合蛋白检测青霉素类抗生素残留   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从苏云金芽胞杆菌中克隆到一种新型的青霉素结合蛋白基因Bt-pbp3,并在大肠杆菌中表达该蛋白BtPBP3,该蛋白质与已经报道的青霉素蛋白质PBP3的相似度仅为36.6%;研究证实Bt-PBP3蛋白与青霉素类抗生素有特异相互作用,并且建立直接竞争酶联免疫吸附实验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测牛奶中青霉素类抗生素残留的方法;研究证实Bt-PBP3能用于牛奶中青霉素类抗生素残留的检测,为以后研发牛奶青霉素类抗生素检测试剂盒奠定基础。  相似文献   

6.
针对牛奶中恩诺沙星的代谢物环丙沙星残留的问题,该研究开发一种胶体金试纸条快速检测牛奶中的环丙沙星残留。研究制备环丙沙星包被抗原,对环丙沙星抗体进行表征,优化胶体金标记条件,选用最佳标记pH和最佳蛋白添加量,以硝酸纤维素膜为固相载体,环丙沙星包被抗原为检测带(T带),羊抗兔二抗为质控带(T带)。依据免疫竞争法原理,建立胶体金免疫层析试纸条快速检测牛奶中环丙沙星的方法,方法检出限为6.25 ng/mL,对牛奶样品的检出限为12.50 ng/mL。样品前处理方法简单,在10 min内即可目测判断结果。  相似文献   

7.
针对乳品厂酒精试验存在的一些问题,对酒精试验检测方法进行改进,以提高酒精试验的精确度、准确度。分别采用牛奶与酒精1:1和1:2的两种方法检测,在20℃下检测奶样(原料乳和成品),测定不同pH值下酒精试验敏感性和稳定性的变化(用酒精度表示)。结果表明,无论是对于原料乳还是成品其酒精稳定性均随pH值的增加而增大,所以欲判断乳样新鲜程度应是由该乳样的pH值和酒精度两项指标所共同决定,而不是由酒精度这一项单一指标所决定:无论是对于原料乳还是成品其牛奶与酒精1:2的变异系数都明显小于牛奶与酒精1:1的变异系数,从而看出牛奶与酒精1:2大大提高了酒精试验的精确度、准确度。  相似文献   

8.
乳和乳制品中残留抗生素的检测方法   总被引:27,自引:1,他引:26  
论述了牛奶中残留抗生素的原因及危害性,列举了目前世界上较为流行的牛奶抗生素检测方法,并介绍了其检测原理。  相似文献   

9.
建立牛奶中残留麻保沙星的微生物学检测方法。试验以金黄色葡萄球菌为敏感菌,采用滤纸片法进行测定,以牛奶为样设计了添加回收试验以证实该方法的有效性。磷酸盐缓冲溶液和牛奶基质麻保沙星标准曲线的工作范围是0.1~1.6μg/mL,最低检测限为0.1μg/mL。对纯牛奶样的3种添加水平,平均回收率范围在77.3%~93.3%之间,变异系数小于7.26%,该方法可以用于牛奶中麻保沙星残留的检测。  相似文献   

10.
牛奶是人类的重要食品之一, 为人类提供蛋白、维生素、碳水化合物等营养, 其安全性一直都是社会各界关注的重点。牛奶中的激素主要分为内源性激素和外源性激素, 微量的内源性激素是牛奶中激素含量的主要来源。奶牛养殖方式及环境等因素的变化, 会对牛奶中激素含量造成影响。本文对比了国内外对牛奶中激素的限量要求, 介绍了牛奶中激素检测方法的研究进展, 包括免疫分析法、高效液相色谱法、液相色谱-串联质谱法等, 并总结了各类方法的检出限及优缺点, 提出未来应在完善牛奶激素检测技术标准, 研发高通量检测技术等方面开展深入研究, 争取实现检测过程自动化、智能化, 以提高检测效率、降低成本, 为研发精准快速的检测方法, 科学制定牛奶中激素相关限量提供参考。  相似文献   

11.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

12.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

13.
The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.  相似文献   

14.
The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.  相似文献   

15.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH3CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH2PO4-20.6 mM Na2B4O7 buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.  相似文献   

18.
An investigation is described in which various polyfunctional compounds were applied to wool in attempts to stabilize the temporary improvements in wrinkle-recovery brought about by ‘annealing’. Several reactive systems involving formaldehyde were found to produce the desired permanently improved wrinkle-recovery.  相似文献   

19.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

20.
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