双酶复合水解对玉米蛋白酶解效率的影响

采用4种蛋白酶(Neutrase酶、Alcalase酶、Protamex酶、Flavourzyme酶)对高底物浓度(24%)玉米黄粉进行双酶复合水解,研究复合水解对玉米蛋白酶解效率的影响。结果表明:除Alcalase酶与Protamex酶组合外,酶的加入顺序对酶解效率影响较大。Protamex酶和Neutrase酶与其他蛋白酶的复合效果相当。与单酶水解相比,双酶复合水解可有效提高玉米蛋白的酶解效率,尤其是Flavourzyme酶与Alcalase酶复合,可使水解度和可溶性蛋白含量分别提高26.85%和98.05mg/mL。     

纤维素酶对草浆改性的影响

在草浆酶改性过程中,在一定的酶处理条件下,酶处理强度中的酶用量是影响草浆滤水性能的关键因素.当草浆酶改性的酶用量是以CMC酶活力作为添加基准时,其纸浆滤水性能的改善与酶用量线性相关程度最高. 纤维素酶酶系使草浆改性的最佳酶处理强度为每克纸浆酶用量为4 U、酶处理时间0.5 h.适当的酶处理,在保持纸浆原强度的情况下,纸浆的滤水性能得到了明显改善.     

鳄鱼骨双酶酶解产物的功能特性及其抗氧化活性

为了全面了解酶解时间、蛋白酶种类对鳄鱼骨蛋白酶解产物抗氧化性和功能特性的影响,采用木瓜蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶及双酶(先加入木瓜蛋白酶,后加入碱性蛋白酶)在各自最适条件下对其进行酶解,制备了不同水解度的酶解产物,并对其功能特性及抗氧化性进行分析。结果表明:随着酶解时间的延长,酶解产物的亚铁离子螯合能力和还原力均有所增强。在酶解0.25 h时,酶解产物具有较强的清除DPPH自由基的能力,随着酶解时间的延长,木瓜蛋白酶酶解产物清除DPPH自由基的能力不断下降,碱性蛋白酶先下降后上升,而双酶酶解产物则没有显著变化。在2～4 h内相同酶解时间下,与单酶酶解产物相比,双酶酶解产物具有较强的亚铁离子螯合能力、还原力及清除DPPH自由基的能力(P<0.05)。在酶解产物的功能性质方面,随着酶解时间的延长,双酶酶解产物较单一酶酶解产物具有更好的溶解性、热稳定性及乳化性。结果表明,双酶酶解较单一酶酶解得到的产物具有较强的抗氧化性。     

单宁酶降解五倍子制备没食子酸的工艺优化

以五倍子为原料,单宁酶酶制剂为酶源,研究酶解温度、酶浓度、酶促反应时间以及酶促反应体系pH对单宁酶降解五倍子制备没食子酸得率的影响,再通过响应曲面法优化单宁酶降解五倍子制备没食子酸的工艺参数。结果表明,对没食子酸得率影响较大的因素依次为酶浓度、酶促反应时间、酶促反应体系pH以及酶解温度,最优工艺技术参数为酶浓度16.26 U/g,酶促反应时间5.88h,酶促反应体系pH 5.78,酶解温度40.70℃。在该参数条件下,没食子酸的得率为59.32%。     

海藻酸钠包埋法固定青霉产菊粉酶的研究

利用海藻酸钠包埋法固定青霉(penicillium)产菊粉酶,研究了最佳固定化条件及固定化酶性质,为固定化菊粉酶应用于果糖工业生产提供理论依据。结果表明:海藻酸钠浓度为4%,氯化钙浓度为1%时,固定化酶活力最高且机械强度好;加酶量越少,固定化效率越高;固定化酶与游离酶的最适pH为4.5,但固定化酶在pH4到6.5范围内相对酶活要比游离酶酶活高;固定化酶与游离酶的最适温度均为55℃,在35℃到55℃范围内两者酶活变化不大,在55℃到75℃范围内固定化酶的温度适应性比游离酶的好;在重复利用方面,将固定化酶反复利用7次,酶活仍为原酶活的50.6%。由此说明,固定化酶成本低,利用率高,在工业生产方面具有利用价值。     

鸡肉蛋白钙离子螯合肽酶解工艺的优化研究

本文研究了不同酶解工艺条件对鸡肉蛋白酶解产物钙螯合力的影响。研究了木瓜蛋白酶酶解时间对钙螯合力的影响,结果表明酶解时间在3 h时,酶解产物有最大钙螯合力。对比了木瓜蛋白酶单酶酶解,木瓜蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶双酶同步酶解,及双酶分步酶解三种酶解方式,发现风味蛋白酶的加入有助于提高产物钙螯合力,且分步酶解法的对产物螯合力提升效果优于同步酶解。针对双酶分步酶解法,研究了木瓜蛋白酶酶解时间、风味蛋白酶酶解时间、木瓜蛋白酶添加量、风味蛋白酶添加量四个因素对酶解产物钙螯合力的影响,并以木瓜蛋白酶酶解时间、木瓜蛋白酶添加量、风味蛋白酶添加量为自变量,酶解产物的钙螯合力为响应值,设计了三因素三水平响应面实验,得到最佳酶解工艺条件为:木瓜酶酶解时间定为3.5 h,风味蛋白酶酶解时间为2.84 h,风味蛋白酶添加量为0.18%。在该条件下酶解产物含有较多的酸性氨基酸及碱性氨基酸,有利于螯合反应的发生。     

不同工艺条件对芝麻蛋白酶解效率的影响

目的研究不同酶解工艺条件对芝麻蛋白酶解效率的影响。方法采用碱性蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶对芝麻蛋白进行单酶、双酶同步、双酶分步酶解,以水解度为指标对酶解效率进行分析。结果酶解效率最高的工艺参数为:碱性蛋白酶的加酶量为2667 U/g,温度65℃,pH为9,酶解时间为2 h;木瓜蛋白酶的加酶量为1333U/g,温度60℃,pH为7,酶解时间为2 h,得到的最大水解度为27.12%。在底物浓度为0.005 g/mL和加酶顺序为先碱性蛋白酶后木瓜蛋白酶的条件下,酶解效率达到最大值。结论双酶分步酶解的效率要高于单酶酶解和双酶同步酶解,酶的加入顺序和酶解参数也显著影响酶解效率。     

橡胶籽β-葡萄糖苷酶固定化酶学性质的研究

采用戊二醛交联的方法将来源于橡胶籽的β-葡萄糖苷酶固定到壳聚糖球上,对比研究了固定化酶和游离酶的酶学性质。固定化后的β-葡萄糖苷酶最适温度为65℃,比游离酶提高了10℃;固定化酶热稳定性相比于游离酶,在55～70℃范围内有所提高;固定化酶的最适pH为6.0,游离酶的pH为5.5;固定化酶与游离酶相比,其耐酸耐碱性有所提高;金属离子对固定化酶的抑制作用与游离酶相比有所改变;葡萄糖对固定化酶的影响相对于游离酶更为明显;以p-NPG为底物,固定化酶的Km为3.5 mmol/L,游离酶的Km为1.75 mmol/L;固定化酶在操作和贮藏方面的性质都有明显提高。固定化酶相对游离酶部分酶学性质得到显著提高和改善,有效拓宽了其使用范围,提高了其应用价值。     

大豆多肽Alcalase酶解法制备工艺研究及应用

以大豆分离蛋白为原料,选用Alcalase酶,分别从底物浓度、酶解温度、加酶量、酶解pH值和酶解时间等因素来研究Alcalase酶对酶解大豆分离蛋白水解度的影响,并通过正交试验优化了酶解条件,其最佳酶解条件为,底物浓度3%、酶解pH8.0、加酶量5%,酶解温度55℃,酶解时间6h,所得的大豆多肽口感好,含量高.     

黄鳝肉双酶水解产物的功能特性及其抗氧化活性

为了深入了解酶解时间和蛋白酶种类对黄鳝肉酶解产物抗氧化活性和功能特性的影响,采用木瓜蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶及其双酶组合在各自最适条件下对黄鳝肉进行酶解,制备不同水解度的酶解产物,并对其抗氧化活性和功能特性进行了研究。结果表明:随着酶解时间的增加,黄鳝肉酶解产物的抗氧化活性逐渐增强,当酶解时间为3 h时,酶解产物具有较强的清除DPPH和ABTS自由基的能力,最大清除率可达62.18%和81.76%,但酶解时间进一步延长,酶解产物的抗氧化能力则不断下降。在相同酶解时间下,双酶酶解产物比单酶酶解产物具有较强的清除自由基能力。黄鳝肉双酶酶解产物在溶解性和热稳定性方面优于单酶酶解产物,而在乳化性方面则相对较差,并且酶解时间对黄鳝肉酶解产物的功能性影响较大。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

Contamination of animal feed and food from animal origin with mineral oil hydrocarbons

Oils and fats used for the production of animal feed can become contaminated with mineral oil material originating from gas oils (C₁₈-C₃₅) or synthetic oils (poly alpha olefins, C₂₅ to beyond C₄₅). An important cause is assumed to be the discharge of waste oils, such as motor oil and hydraulic oils. Mineral oil material was analysed by on-line LC-GC-FID directly in the fat or in a raw extract from animal feed or foodstuffs. In Switzerland in summer/autumn 1999 concentrations in oils and fats for feed production were often found to be between 100 and 1000mg/kg. In the feeds, the average concentration was around 100mg/kg with values ranging up to a maximum of 1000mg/kg; few samples were free of contamination. In animal body fat, the average concentration determined in summer 1999 was 25mg/kg, with a maximum of 150mg/kg, although in samples from December 1999, contamination was substantially lower. In the fat phase of eggs, the average concentration was 30mg/kg, with a maximum of 80mg/kg. Paraffin oil is used for feed production, which may account for part of the contamination problem (e.g. eggs).