米曲霉脂肪酶催化鱼油酯酯交换制备高含量EPA/DHA甘油酯的研究

利用米曲霉脂肪酶催化甘油酯型鱼油和乙酯型鱼油的酯酯交换反应制备高含量EPA/DHA甘油酯,考察了底物摩尔比、反应温度、酶添加量和摇床转速对酶催化反应的影响,得到了最优酶催化反应条件:甘油酯型鱼油与乙酯型鱼油摩尔比1∶3,酶添加量14%,反应温度70℃,摇床转速150 r/min。在最优的酶催化反应条件下反应18 h,产物甘油酯型鱼油EPA和DHA含量可达到39.72%。在优化条件下对米曲霉WZ007菌丝体重复使用6次,甘油酯型鱼油产品中的EPA和DHA含量仍保持在34.51%。     

麦芽糖醇脂肪酸单酯表面性质的研究

以麦芽糖醇与辛酸、月桂酸和硬脂酸为原料,利用固定化脂肪酶Novozym435(NOV435)在非水相条件下催化合成相应的麦芽糖醇脂肪酸酯.经过硅胶柱层析和半制备高效液相(HPLC)的分离,获得了相应的高纯度单酯.质谱、红外和核磁共振鉴定纯化后的月桂酸酯结构表明,产物为6-0-麦芽糖醇月桂酸单酯和6’-O-麦芽糖醇月桂酸单酯(＞95％)两种同分异构体的混合物.利用Small Wilhelmy-Plate法测定了30、40、50、60℃下三种麦芽糖醇脂肪酸单酯的表面张力,并计算出相应的临界胶束浓度(CMC).结果表明,麦芽糖醇脂肪酸酯的CMC值为10-4 ～10-6mol/L,表面张力为35.13 ～26.45 mN/m,随温度的升高三种酯的表面张力和CMC均略微下降.     

酶促DHA乙酯甘油解制备DHA甘三酯的工艺研究

采用高纯度DHA乙酯(DHA含量(78. 7±0. 6)%)为原料,在Novozym 435酶的催化作用下甘油解制备DHA甘三酯。考察DHA乙酯与甘油摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间以及加酶量对反应过程中甘一酯、甘二酯、甘三酯、乙酯含量及乙酯转化率的影响,得到最佳条件为反应温度100℃、加酶量为DHA乙酯质量的6%、DHA乙酯与甘油摩尔比3∶1、反应时间12 h,在此条件下乙酯转化率为(97. 0±0. 2)%,产物中甘三酯含量为(95. 6±0. 1)%,DHA含量为(76. 2±0. 0)%。     

尿素包合法联合分子蒸馏技术提纯乙酯化鱼油中EPA及DHA的工艺研究

联合尿素包合法及分子蒸馏技术对乙酯化鱼油中的EPA和DHA进行提纯.尿素包合试验中考察了脲酯比、醇脲比、结晶温度及结晶时间等因素对产品纯度及回收率的影响,选择试验条件为脲酯比2:1、醇脲比4:1、结晶温度0℃及结晶时间1h进行尿素包合试验,得到EPA及DHA总纯度为63.5％的产品,回收率为48.5％.分子蒸馏试验中考察了蒸馏温度、预热温度、内冷温度、刮膜器转速及进料速率等因素对试验结果的影响,选择在蒸馏温度90℃、预热温度40℃、内冷温度15℃、刮膜器转速360 r/min、进料速率2 mL/min及真空度0.1 Pa的条件下对乙酯化鱼油进行二次提纯,产品中EPA及DHA总纯度为78.9％,回收率为49％.     

高含量EPA/DHA甘油三酯的制备工艺

以EPA/DHA乙酯和甘油为原料,甲醇钠作为催化剂制备高含量EPA/DHA甘油酯。通过对反应温度、反应时间、甘油用量和催化剂用量的优化,得到制备EPA/DHA甘油三酯的最佳反应条件:温度为120℃,甲醇钠添加量为原料油的0.4%,甘油为原料油的7.0%,反应时间5 h。反应终止后产物中EPA/DHA甘油三酯含量可达47.0%以上,进一步经分子蒸馏精制后,终产物中EPA/DHA甘油三酯的含量高达75.0%以上。     

二十二碳六烯酸海藻糖酯的分离纯化及鉴定

在叔丁醇中以二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)乙酯和海藻糖为原料,通过固定化脂肪酶催化合成DHA海藻糖酯,并对其分离纯化方法进行研究。确定DHA海藻糖酯的薄层层析(TLC)条件:展开剂为乙酸乙酯/甲醇/水(8.5/1/0.5,v/v/v),碘蒸气显色10min;硅胶柱层析条件:正己烷/异丙醇/甲醇(5/4/1和4/4/2,v/v/v)梯度洗脱,流速1.3mL/min,1管/7min收集洗出液;用半制备高效液相色谱(HPLC)进一步纯化单酯收集液,经分析型HPLC检测纯度后用核磁共振(NMR)方法进行结构鉴定,确定为DHA藻糖单酯。     

响应面法优化精制沙丁鱼油EPA和DHA富集工艺

以乙酯型精制沙丁鱼油(EPA含量(15.41±0.13)%,DHA含量(8.00±0.03)%)为原料,在尿酯比、包合温度、醇尿比、包合时间4个单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面分析法优化尿素包合法富集工艺。结果表明:最优工艺条件为尿酯比3.5∶1、包合温度0℃、醇尿比2.6∶1、包合时间1.2h,此条件下,产物中EPA+DHA含量为(78.12±0.12)%(EPA含量(53.35±0.10)%;DHA含量(24.77±0.02)%),与理论值78.17%基本一致。     

酶法催化乙酯甘油酯酯交换制备富含EPA和DHA的甘油酯

采用国产固定化假丝酵母脂肪酶,催化乙酯型和甘油酯型鱼油酯交换制备富含EPA和DHA的甘油酯型鱼油,得到EPA和DHA总量超过45%的甘油酯。以5g甘油酯型鱼油为反应底物之一,考察了反应温度、时间、酶加量、底物质量比及加水量五个因素对酯交换反应的影响,利用正交实验优化,得到最佳反应条件为:反应温度60℃,反应时间24h,底物质量比为5:4,加酶量为80U,不向反应体系中加入水分。在该条件下得到的甘油酯中EPA和DHA的含量分别为33.40%和13.10%,并且脂肪酶重复利用7次仍能达到工艺目标。     

鱼油中EPA和DHA的酶法富集工艺研究

利用Sn-1,3特异性脂肪酶对食品级鱼油中的二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)进行富集,而后利用偏甘油酯脂肪酶除去上述步骤产生的甘油二酯、甘油一酯,后处理得到具有天然属性的精制鱼油。采用单因素实验考察特异性脂肪酶富集EPA和DHA过程中脂肪酶用量、纯化水加入量、水解时间及水解温度对富集EPA和DHA的影响。运用气相色谱分析精制鱼油的脂肪酸组成。结果表明:特异性脂肪酶富集过程的最优工艺条件为在pH 6条件下固定化Sn-1,3特异性脂肪酶用量1%～15%、纯化水加入量1%～10%、水解时间2～6 h、水解温度30～70℃,富集后EPA和DHA总量为40%～60%,产品收率在48%～75%;精制鱼油含有21种主要脂肪酸,其中EPA和DHA含量最多。     

气相色谱法测定乙酯型鱼油微胶囊产品中EPA乙酯和DHA乙酯含量

建立了气相色谱法测定乙酯型鱼油微胶囊产品中EPA乙酯和DHA乙酯含量的方法。样品经盐酸溶液溶解、破壁,再经异辛烷萃取净化,采用气相色谱法分析测定,内标法定量(二十三烷酸甲酯为内标)。结果表明:EPA乙酯和DHA乙酯含量在150~3 000μg/m L范围内,该方法的线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.999 6和0.999 8,EPA乙酯和DHA乙酯最低检出限分别为8.8、16.5μg/m L;加标回收率分别为98.5%~99.0%、98.2%~100.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别小于等于0.7%、0.9%。该方法分析时间短,重现性好,灵敏度高,可用于乙酯型鱼油微胶囊产品中EPA乙酯和DHA乙酯含量的测定。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.