鲜百合入菜清鲜可口

百合也称“蒜脑薯,“强仇”,属百合科植物;我国栽培较广.名产有兰州百合,内蒙古的龙耳百合,山西的东山百合,贵州的湄潭百合,内蒙古的兴安百合等.以鳞茎供食;人馔主     

岷江百合与兰州百合鳞茎中多酚组分及其生物活性

为研究百合的抗氧化和抑菌活性,以野生岷江百合和兰州百合为材料,采用比色法、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和比浊法对其鳞茎中总多酚、黄酮、黄烷醇、单体酚组分及含量、抗氧化能力和抑菌活性进行分析。结果表明:两种百合鳞茎中均富含多酚但种间存在显著差异(p<0.05),岷江百合鳞茎中总多酚、黄酮和黄烷醇的含量分别是兰州百合含量的2.07、2.25、3.16倍;在两种百合鳞茎中检测出14种单体酚,其中原矢车菊素B2含量最高,在岷江百合和兰州百合中分别达到了37.60、20.60 mg·kg-1,除没食子酸外,岷江百合鳞茎中其他被检测出的单体酚含量是兰州百合的1.43~41.84倍;两种百合鳞茎多酚提取物均具有一定的抗氧化和抑菌活性,且岷江百合的抗氧化和抑菌活性均显著高于兰州百合(p<0.05),是兰州百合的1.40~14.40倍。野生岷江百合鳞茎多酚提取物具有抗氧化和抑菌双重作用,可作为天然抗氧化剂、抗菌药物应用于食品和医药业,具有良好的开发应用前景。     

超声波协同复合酶提取兰州百合多糖

为获得一种高效的兰州百合多糖的提取方法,采用超声波协同复合酶法,以兰州百合粉为原料,对复合酶的配比、酶解过程及超声提取过程进行了优化。结果表明,兰州百合多糖提取的最佳工艺条件是:凝乳酶加量1.5%,纤维素酶加量2.0%;超声温度50℃,超声时间25 min,料液比1∶25,超声功率225 W。此条件下兰州百合多糖提取率为39.860%,与超声波法、复合酶法提取兰州百合多糖相,比多糖提取率明显提高。     

不同生长年限兰州百合质量比较分析

为比较不同生长年限兰州百合的质量,探讨最佳采收期,该文对兰州百合主要成分进行测定分析。兰州百合多糖及总黄酮测定采用紫外分光法;王百合苷A的测定采用高效液相色谱法;氨基酸的测定采用液相色谱-质谱联用法。结果显示,不同生长年限兰州百合所测成分含量差异显著。3年生和4年生兰州百合多糖不符合2020版《中国药典》规定;6年生兰州百合主要成分含量显著高于其他生长年限,5年生次之;生长7年的兰州百合各成分含量均显著下降;且兰州百合不符合理想蛋白质的标准。通过分析得出,若以生产投入和经济效益为标准,应选择5年生兰州百合;若以食用价值和保健功效为标准,应选择6年生兰州百合,若营养价值显著优于其他生长年限。     

岷江百合鳞茎生物活性物质和营养成分分析

对岷江百合鳞茎的主要营养成分和生物活性成分进行测定分析,为开发利用岷江百合提供营养价值参考。以岷江百合鳞茎为试验材料,采用紫外分光光度法、氨基酸自动分析仪和原子吸收分光光度法,测定了其基本营养成分、生物活性物质、氨基酸和矿物元素的含量,并与传统食用的兰州百合进行比较。结果表明,岷江百合鳞茎中还原糖、蛋白质、维生素C和灰分显著高于兰州百合,而可溶性糖和粗纤维的含量,兰州百合要高于岷江百合;除钙、铁和铜外,岷江百合鳞茎中含有人体必需的钾、镁、锌、锰、磷以及硒等矿物元素,其含量显著高于兰州百合,尤其钾(2.22%)和磷(235.12 mg/100 g)含量较高;岷江百合鳞茎的蛋白质中含有17种氨基酸,包括7种人体必需氨基酸,其所含的人体必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的34.21%,接近推荐的理想蛋白模式;岷江百合鳞茎中多酚、黄酮、黄烷醇、生物碱和皂苷的含量显著高于兰州百合,而兰州百合鳞茎中多糖类物质的含量比岷江百合高1 643.31 mg/100g。岷江百合鳞茎营养成分含量丰富,种类齐全,并富含多种生物活性物质,是一种营养价值较高的食用花卉。     

百合花系列

百合花，百合科、百合属。别名：菜百合、蒜脑薯，强瞿。中医学以百合入药，性微寒，味甘，有润肺止咳、清热解毒、理脾健胃、利湿消积、宁心安神、促进血液循环等功效。“兰州百合”、“太湖百合”、“龙牙百合”(产在岳阳)被誉为“中国的三大百合”。     

异抗坏血酸钠处理对鲜切兰州百合贮藏品质的影响

目的:延长鲜切兰州百合贮藏期。方法:以兰州百合为原材料,经鲜切加工处理后,采用0(CK),1,5,10 g/L的异抗坏血酸钠(SI)溶液进行浸泡处理,分析贮藏过程中鲜切兰州百合的品质变化。结果:10 g/L的SI浸泡处理可以更好地维持鲜切兰州百合鳞片的亮度,贮藏21 d时,褐变度、可溶性糖和丙二醛含量分别比CK组低23%,8%,45%。在贮藏结束时,SI处理组的多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶和脂氧合酶活性分别为97.22,0.09,11.89 U/g,显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。电子鼻分析表明,SI处理对贮藏期间鲜切兰州百合的风味有调节作用。结论:SI浸泡处理是一种操作简便,经济安全的采后处理技术,可以延缓鲜切兰州百合氧化褐变,从而维持其贮藏品质。     

百合干的研制与生产

<正>兰州市盛产百合。兰州百合属川百合。川百合分布于云南、四川、甘肃、陕西、山西、河南及江浙等地,以野生居多。兰州及甘肃平凉等地为人工栽培。     

7种百合内外鳞片营养品质及抗氧化特性评价

为研究不同品种百合鳞茎中营养成分综合品质的差异,以兰州（兰州）、龙牙、兰州（平陆）、岷江、宜昌、卷丹、川7种百合内外鳞片为研究对象,比较测定了内外鳞片的蛋白质、总酸、可溶性糖、8种矿质元素、总酚和抗氧化活性,通过主成分分析和聚类分析综合评价百合鳞茎营养品质特征。结果表明:不同品种百合内外鳞片品质存在显著差异。川百合内鳞片的可溶性糖含量最高;川百合外鳞片的蛋白质含量最高,为37.45 mg/g是兰州百合内鳞片的2.8倍;卷丹百合矿物质含量相对最丰富。不同品种百合内鳞片总酚含量低于外鳞片,岷江百合外鳞片的抗氧化能力最强,平均值为11.22 Trolox μg/g DW。通过主成分分析提取出5个主成分,累计贡献率为86.561%,较好地体现了营养品质的综合信息。综合评分为前3位的分别是岷江百合外鳞片、宜昌百合内鳞片、卷丹百合外鳞片。经聚类分析将7种百合内外鳞茎分为5类,聚类分析与主成分分析结果相似,表明这2种分析法可以很好地区分不同百合品种,反映不同品种百合之间的差异。该研究为百合种质的筛选、品质评价和百合资源的综合利用和产品开发提供了一定的科学参考。     

兰州百合粉的研制

以兰州百合为原料,通过兰州百合干法制粉、湿法制粉和喷雾干燥制粉工艺的对比研究,确定兰州百合适宜采用干法制粉工艺,干法制粉百合护色液最佳配方为异VC钠0.5%,柠檬酸0.10%,食盐2%;又对百合粉复配工艺进行研究,确定百合粉复配的较优条件为:百合粉45%、稳定剂1.0%、蔗糖18%,增香剂0.8%,食盐0.5%,麦芽糊精34.7%。本研究为兰州百合粉工业化生产提供了可靠工艺参数。     

陕西省白河烟区气候适生性分析

为提高陕西省白河烟区气候资源的利用率和增强烟草抗灾能力,分析了白河烟区不同生育期的气候状况,估算了该区气候适生性指数(CFI),找出了引起该区气候适生性波动的主要因子。结果表明:白河烟区气候适生性指数为83.9±9.7,年际变异程度较高;烤烟大田生长成熟期较高的日均气温,旺长期、成熟期严重不足的降雨量是限制该区气候适生性的主要因子。因此,该区在烤烟生产上应采取适时提早移栽期、配套地膜栽培以及加大烟水配套设施建设,加强烟叶适时成熟采收技术等措施来应对不利气候因子的影响。     

Effects of micronization on properties of Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne fruit powder

Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne fruits were traditionally used for food and medicinal materials. With the aim of providing necessary reference about the micro-powder as ingredients in food and medicine, this study investigated the physicochemical properties and antioxidation of three C. sinensis (Thouin) Koehne fruit micro-powders, prepared by pulverizing its coarse fruit powder with planetary ball mill for different periods of time. The results demonstrated that planetary ball mill could effectively pulverize coarse powder to different micro-sizes. As milling time increased, the median diameter was significantly decreased and particle size distribution width narrowed, the angle of repose and swelling capacity improved to a different extent, oil holding capacity of micro-powder was not affected, the water holding capacity, total flavonoid content, DPPH and NO₂⁻ radical-scavenging capacity and reducing power were decreased. The results suggested that micronize processing could improve some properties of C. sinensis (Thouin) Koehne fruit powder.

Industrial relevance

The plant Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne is known locally as “Guang Pi Mu Gua”, one of the Chinese traditional food and drug fruits, has a golden color and with full-bodied fragrance, and is enriched in dietary fibre, organic acid and some biologically active pentacyclic triterpene acids such as oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. Moreover, its yield was very large, e.g. the total yield has over 100,000 tons in 2006 just in Baihe County, Shaanxi, China. So it is very significant to study its processing. Recently, there has also been a rapid development in micron technology applications along with nanotechnology to develop products that explore novel properties in food and drug industries. Physical and functional properties of some Chinese traditional medicines were found to change with particle size during superfine grinding. So, we begin this research.     

转基因食品 何必谈虎色变

<正> 民以食为天,转基因食品作为新型食品,其是否安全始终是人们关注的焦点,如今甚至到了谈虎色变的地步! 其到底有无危害呢,这首先需知道什么是转基因食品! 狭义上说,通过基因工程手段将一种或几种外源性基因转移至某种特定生物体(动、植物和微生物等)中,并使其有效地表达出相应的产物(多肽或蛋白质),这样的生物体直接作为食品或以其     

Biological properties of vegetable oils containing linolenic acid (18:3 omega 3)

Experiments on growing albino male rats were made to study the food value of the vegetable oils: soybean and rapeseed ones containing different quantities of linolenic acid. These oils were included in the animals' diet in the amount of 25% with respect to caloric value for 12-13 weeks. It has been established that as the content 18:3 omega 3 in the food fat was reduced, the metabolism of fatty acids in the body improved, manifesting in a noticeable rise of the efficacy of food fatty acids metabolization. This process was affected not only by the ratio 18:3 omega 3 and 18:2 omega 6 in the food fat but also by the total balance in it of fatty acids.     

韩国泡菜“泡”出8000万美元

<正> 2003年3月17日,由韩国(株)河善贞综合食品独资创办的北京河善贞综合食品有限公司,在北京通州食品工业园举行了隆重的奠基典礼仪式。揭开了进军北京市场的序幕,据了解,北京河善贞综合食品有限公司是第一家在北京设厂以生产韩国泡菜为主的食品企业,公司总投资200万美元,占地面积2万平方米。配有现代化加工设备,按照科学管理体系,采用严格的食品标准,使用无公害蔬菜,计划今年九月份投产并供应中国市场。为此记者采访了韩国(株)河善贞综合食品会长、北京河善贞综合食品有限公司董事长金沆九先生。     

Enabling computer-aided food process engineering: Property estimation equations for transport phenomena-based models

During processing of a food, its temperature, moisture and other compositions, structure, etc., can change, continuously changing its physical properties. Realistic simulation of food processes require dynamic estimation of the food physical properties as they continue to change during the process. Having a few data points for a few states of the material, as is true for the majority of food properties data, is not sufficient for realistic process simulations. The goal of this article is a practical one: it is to develop a concise resource for the equations that can estimate food properties as they change during processing. Such a resource should make computer-aided food product, process and equipment design one step closer to reality by making the necessary input parameters available in one location and in a format that can be readily used in a simulation software. Several equilibrium, transport and electrical properties are included. The estimation equations for any property are chosen from among the most successful and accurate, staying away from property estimators that have theoretical basis but have not been as successful for food materials. For each property, implementation of its prediction equations in a computer model has also been discussed. Accuracy of each property estimation process have been included from the literature, showing most properties can be estimated to within 10% accuracy, sufficient for modeling purposes. Having such reasonable prediction models has the important implication that unavailability of sufficient data, that is expected to be always true due to the variety and complexity of food materials and processes, is not a bottleneck for computer-aided food process engineering.     

红曲色素及其在食品工业中的应用

红曲色素是一种天然食用色素。从古到今 ,它在食品工业中有着广泛的应用。本文从其来源和主要成分、性质和特点、应用、发展趋势四个方面对红曲色素作了阐述 ,并着重于它在食品工业中的应用。     

兰州百合采后贮藏保鲜研究进展

目的兰州百合营养丰富,采后易褐变,造成经济损失严重。通过对兰州百合采后贮藏保鲜研究进行综述,以期为兰州百合品质提升和减损增效提供一定的参考。方法在查阅国内外相关文献的基础上,紧密结合产业发展,综合分析兰州百合的传统保鲜、物理保鲜和化学保鲜方法。结果窖藏、沙藏、预冷、低温、气调、臭氧、紫外照射、二氧化氯、1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)和涂膜保鲜均可有效地保持兰州百合的贮藏品质,生物保鲜研究仍有待进一步加强。结论兰州百合贮藏过程中的褐变机制亟需明确,贮藏保鲜技术仍需挖掘,不同保鲜技术的复合应用前景广阔。     

Study of the effect of rations containing dietary fiber on the level of total lipids and cholesterol in the blood and liver of the rat during a 6.5-month experiment

The influence of the following food fibers: wheat bran, citrus pectin, microcrystallized cellulose, methyl cellulose, was studied in experiments on male Wistar rats. Basing on the data obtained it has been suggested that the diets with pectin are conducive to secretion of general lipids and sterols from the liver. Comparison of the action of natural food fibers (wheat bran, pectin) with artificial fibers (microcrystallized cellulose, methyl cellulose) has not revealed any changes in the blood cholesterol level. At the same time a lower content of total lipids and cholesterol was recorded in the liver of rats that had received pectin and bran.