100 MeV中心区试验台架中5kW法拉第筒的研制

法拉第筒是加速器束流诊断系统中的重要诊断装置，采用拦截法测量束流，可用来精确监测束流流强，是最常用的束流流强诊断装置。100MeV中心区试验台架束流的最高引出能量为10MeV，设计最大引出束流流强为500μA，因此，需功率为5kW的法拉第筒进行束流拦截和监测。     

回旋加速器中心区实验装置剥离引出计算分析

改进了30 MeV回旋加速器剥离引出程序CYCTRS,计算了10 MeV回旋加速器不同能量束流引出剥离点的位置,着重计算分析了10 MeV能量点的束流剥离引出的光学特性,为设计加工束流引出系统提供了重要的参数依据。 10 MeV回旋加速器加速H-离子,采用剥离引出。该加速器将主要用于强流加速     

13 100MeV回旋加速器剥离引出系统研制

100MeV回旋加速器加速H^-离子，要求引出束流能量为75～100MeV、束流强度为200μA的质子束流，因此决定采用剥离引出。本工作依据100MeV主磁场数据和平衡轨道数据，通过理论研究，计算100MeV回旋加速器不同能量束流引出剥离点的位置；着重计算分析70～100MeV能量的束流剥离引出的光学特性；通过理论计算确定剥离膜各项参数；完成剥离靶及其伺服驱动装置的设计；对真空系统、控制系统等相关专业提出明确的工艺流程和技术要求。最终确定100MeV强流质子回旋加速器双向引出系统初步设计。     

200MeV电子直线加速器能量稳定系统

利用计算机对束流能谱图像进行了处理 ,并自动调整加速场相位 ,建立了 2 0 0MeV电子直线加速器能量稳定系统 ,该系统对束流能量在± 4MeV范围内的漂移进行自动补偿 ,使能量稳定在± 0 .6 %左右     

100 MeV回旋加速器工程的设计和建造进展

100MeV强流回旋加速器及束流管道系统（CYCIAE-100）工程计划建设1台能量为75-100MeV、质子束流强度200μA的回旋加速器，7条质子束流管道和2条中子束流管道。2006年，重点完成了初步设计，并开展施工设计工作；开始工程重大设备的制造工作；基本完成了研究试验项目。     

串列加速器电晕针稳压系统模拟实验研究

串列加速器加速的粒子种类繁多,束流强度变化很大(可相差五、六个量级),而能量稳定度可达万分之几。这主要是由于电晕针稳压系统用对数放大代替了静电加速器电晕针稳压系统的线性放大,克服了误差信号与束流强度有关的缺点,大大地压缩了动态范围。该系统结构简单、操作方便,特别在加速各种重粒子、弱束流情况下对能量稳定有很大意义。因而对串列加速器电晕针稳压系统进行研究是必要的。但串列加速器尚未建成,故在ЭГ-2.5静电加速器上作模拟实验研究,并为ЭГ-2.5静电加速器在小束流下稳定运行提供条件。     

BPL 750 keV束流输运线上四极磁铁的设计

一、引言自从北京质子直线加速器的10 MeV段1982年底出束以来,于1985年已将其能量扩展到35 MeV,脉冲流强达到70 mA,作为从高压倍加器至质子直线加速器之间的750 keV束流输运线,经历了10 MeV和35 MeV两个阶段的调试和运行。它有效地将质子束流从高压倍加器输运到直线加速器,传输效率达到设计指标。本文介绍安装在这一束流输运线上的四极磁铁的设计、磁场测量结果及实际运行情况。     

同步加速器束流能量自动切换控制系统

带电粒子放射治疗中3D主动治疗方式需要不同的束流能量照射不同的病灶切面，这就需要同步加速器控制系统能实现多级束流能量的自动切换控制并提供接口对接治疗计划进行自动变能控制。本文开发了同步加速器束流能量切换控制系统，同步加速器的前端服务器中存储着执行1个同步加速器加速周期所需的全部控制数据集，其中控制数据通过索引标号对其进行区分，同步事例信息是同步加速器多级束流能量切换的触发信号。当前端控制器被同步时间系统的同步事例触发激活后，从DSP波形发生器的SDRAM空间中读出磁铁电源、高频等控制数据进行数据切换。同步事例信号包含同步触发信息、束流能量控制数据的索引信息和控制数据的更新操作信息。多级束流能量自动切换控制系统能实现255级束流能量间自动切换控制（碳束能量在50～500 MeV间切换，步长可控制在1.77 MeV），完全能满足实际中碳束能量在50～500 MeV间以10 MeV为步长的自动切换控制。     

BF-5辐照电子直线加速器的主要技术特性

本文介绍了BF-5辐照电子直线加速器的设计与调试结果,其主要技术特性为:电子束能量3—5 MeV;平均流强范围0—235μA;最大束流功率700 W;辐照厚度1.6—3 cm; 扫描宽度5—60cm。     

连续波模式下超导加速器束流负载分析研究

本工作推导了超导加速器在连续波模式时,在点电荷近似条件下,相对论束流负载与腔的相互作用过程的解析表达。同时对北京大学超导加速器平台(PKU SCAF)的束流负载设计进行了初步分析。计算结果表明,当主加速器馈入功率为10kW时,最佳束流负载为1 5mA,此时电子增能为6 6MeV,β因子为4 5×103。     

Basic information on new regulatory criteria requiring on-site emergency preparedness for accelerator facilities in Japan

For basic information on new regulatory criteria, the dose rate around a thick target bombarded by proton, electron, or carbon beam having incident energy of 10 MeV–50 GeV (per nucleon in case of carbon) was simulated using the PHITS Monte Carlo code. Based on this simulation, the benchmark which is ‘1 Sv/h at 1 m away from the beam line’ assuming 1% beam loss was evaluated, and compared with the criteria in France and Canada. Based on this evaluation, a new regulatory criteria has been established for requiring on-site emergency preparedness for accelerator facilities in Japan, which is required for the ion accelerator beyond the ion beam of 100 MeV/nucleon and 0.5 kW beam power, and the electron accelerator beyond the electron beam of 50 MeV energy and 1 kW beam power.     

Design study on an accelerator-based facility for BNCT and low energy neutron source

We have challenged to reduce an accelerator beam power for an accelerator-based BNCT facility. The required neutron source strength at the target has been estimated so as to make the epithermal neutron flux in the patient irradiation field exceed 1.7 × 10⁹ n/cm²s. The energy of the incident proton and the arrangement of the moderator assemblies are optimized. The beam current and the accelerating voltage are determined so that the accelerator power becomes minimum. The beam power required for the treatment in one hour is 62.5 kW. The proposed facility is equipped with a 2.5 MeV proton accelerator of 25 mA. a lithium target, and a heavy water moderator contained in an aluminum tank.     

高平均束流功率辐照加速器加速结构的研究

本文介绍了10 MeV/100 kW的高平均束流功率工业辐照加速器束流动力学模拟结果及其加速结构的优化设计结果。加速器采用驻波双周期轴耦合结构,1个加速腔和1个耦合腔构成1个加速单元,其工作频率为325 MHz,工作模式为π/2,加速腔和耦合腔之间通过耦合狭缝在轴向以磁耦合的方式耦合在一起。使用SUPERFISH优化加速腔的有效分路阻抗、Kilp系数等关键参数。束流动力学方面,使用PARMELA模拟论证在粒子源提供2.5 keV、500 mA的电子束后,通过6个加速腔可得到10 MeV/100 kW的平均束流功率。加速腔优化完成后使用CST对耦合腔进行了设计,此时由6个加速单元组成的加速结构有效分路阻抗为23.9 MΩ/m、无载品质因数为29 347,各加速腔与相邻的耦合腔耦合系数为4.7%,工作模式与其相邻模式的最小频率间隔为2 MHz,每个加速单元功耗为290 kW。     

12MeV、4.2kW电子直线加速器的辐照应用

研究了能量为６～１２ＭｅＶ、平均束功率为４．２ｋＷ的工业辐照用电子直线加速器的应用。结果表明，它在对改装半导体器件（二极管、三极管、可控硅）参数特性，大蒜辐照抑制发芽和食品辐照杀菌保鲜综合辐照加工方面更为合适。     

Target optimization for a 10-MeV E-beam neutron converter

Accelerator-based target design and optimization is an approach for neutron generation. The target plays an important role for a neutron source on an electron accelerator. For optimizing a neutron source using 10 MeV electron beams of Rhodotron-TT200, Pb, Ta, or W alloys with Be were calculated as photo-neutron converter. The neutron yield, flux and energy were simulated using the MCNPX code. The results indicate that a 10 MeV electron beam is capable of producing high-intensity neutron flux of 1013n·cm–2·s–1 with average energy of 0.8 MeV.     

Design of High Power Electron Linac at PNC

Abstract

A high power CW (Continuous Wave) test electron linac was designed to develop a higher power linac to transmute radioactive wastes. The test linac is energized by two 1.2 MW CW L-band klystrons to produce an electron beam with the energy of 10 MeV and current of 100 mA. The average beam power is 200kW–1MW for the duty factor 20–100.%.

In designing such a high power linac, authors selected a traveling-wave accelerator with TWRR (Traveling Wave Resonant Ring). This is to enhance the threshold current of BBU (Beam Break-Up) and to get high accelerator efficiency that results from the low value of attenuation constant τ and high field multiplication factor M which are permitted only with TWRR.

A kind of efficient cooling structure is adopted to an accelerator structure in order to disperse the generated heat by RF (Radio Frequency). The variational method is used to calculate the sizes and parameters of the disk-loaded accelerator structure employed. There is a discrepancy of the order of a few hundredth of one percent between the calculated sizes and the experimental ones. The M determined in the design agreed well with those measured in low and high power tests.     

工业电子辐照加工及加速器性能检测

本文简要介绍了电子辐射加工技术的主要特点以及中国科学院高能物理研究所10MeV/15kW辐照加速器的主要性能。给出了能量、流强、扫描均匀性、扫描长度以及束斑形状等5个重要参数的测量方法及结果。      

Stopping power of Mylar for heavy ions up to copper

The stopping powers of Mylar for several heavy ions covering Z=11 to 29 in the energy range 0.3 to 2.3 MeV/n have been measured using the elastic recoil detection technique and twin detector system. The technique provided a unique method to generate a variety of variable energy ion species utilizing a fixed energy 140 MeV Ag¹³⁺ primary beam from the Pelletron accelerator facility at Nuclear Science Center, New Delhi, India. Most of these measurements are new. The experimentally measured stopping power values have been compared with those calculated using LSS theory, Ziegler et al. formulation and Northcliffe and Schilling tabulations. Merits and demerits of these formulations are highlighted. Stopping power calculations using the Hubert et al. formulation have been extended successfully beyond its recommended range of validity, i.e. 2.5–500 MeV/n down to energies as low as 0.5 MeV/n.     

中国散裂中子源快循环同步加速器束团长度研究

束团长度是中国散裂中子源（CSNS）快循环同步加速器（RCS）束流动力学的关键参数,通过对束团长度的研究,可了解RCS的机器性能并进一步指导机器优化研究。本文对RCS 100 kW时的束团长度进行精确测量,100 kW引出时的束团长度为105 ns。RCS 500 kW时束团长度可能超过无损引出允许值,需压缩束团长度。理论上提高腔压可压缩束团长度,本文模拟研究500 kW时束团长度随腔压曲线的变化规律,模拟结果表明提高加速后半阶段的腔压可压缩束团长度,给出了500 kW时无束流损失引出的腔压曲线。基于100 kW束流条件实验验证了通过提高加速后半阶段腔压来压缩束团长度的有效性和可行性,实验测量结果与模拟结果一致。因此,提高加速后半阶段腔压是500 kW时无损引出束流的有效方法。     

Heavy-current accelerator based on a transformer

The operating principles of a direct-action accelerator designed to acceIerate electrons to an energy of 1.5 MeV with a mean beam power of tens of kilowatts and an efficiency of around 90% are described. The electron-current pulse length can be varied from 0 to g msec, and the repetition frequency up to 50 times per sec. The mean current im may reach 1/6 of the maximum current in the pulse. Magnetic lenses are installed in order to focus electron currents of up to 100 mA into a beam a few mm in diameter in the accelerating tube. Heavy-metal screens are placed close to the axis of the tube in order to protect the gas gaps and other electrically-stressed parts of the accelerator from radiation arising inside the tube.The construction of a system for producing an electron beam with an energy of 1.5 MeV and a mean power of 25 kW (i_m = 17 mA) is described.Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 385–392, May, 1966.