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1.
以高灵敏度CCD光电系统为图像接收系统,通过构造照相布局,采用两次照相并测量接收平面上总照射量相对值的方法对后防护结构散射在接收平面上的相对空间分布进行了研究,并在此基础上,结合蒙卡模拟技术,研究了几种准直条件下图像中心点处的散/直比,考察了陡坡准直体的降散射效果。  相似文献   

2.
中子照相的数值模拟在中子照相技术研究中有着重要的作用。介绍了MCNP程序在数值模拟中子照相中的应用,给出了样品的模拟图像结果,并利用MCNP模拟分析了散射中子对中子照相成像结果的影响,对以后的中子照相实验具有指导意义。  相似文献   

3.
激光驱动冲击压缩下金属Al的高压声速研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为研究Al材料的高压动态响应特性,采用激光驱动冲击压缩加载法和加窗VISAR法,开展了金属Al样品的高压声速研究,并完成了相关靶物理过程模拟与小尺度靶结构参数设计。实验获得了冲击加载与追赶稀疏物理过程图像,靶样品的纵波声速与理论预估结果相符。  相似文献   

4.
介绍了嫦娥一号卫星X射线谱仪准直器磁屏蔽设计的基本思路,通过磁场点测实验得到了谱仪准直器的真实磁场分布,并且根据实验结果对谱仪准值器的磁屏蔽效果进行了模拟计算,由模拟结果可知该准直器对电子能起到较好的屏蔽作用.  相似文献   

5.
上海光源软X射线谱学显微实验站(BL08U)新建成并投入使用,已实现30nm空间分辨的元素成像功能。由于机械精度和重复精度误差,不同能量扫描出的两幅或多幅图像位置会有一定量的漂移。在高分辨情况下图像漂移不仅给数据处理带来严重误差,导致分辨率下降,甚至产生错误,所以需对不同能量下的图像配准。硬件上用激光干涉仪对样品定位,并通过slope函数确定样品台移动的漂移规律,从而在移动样品过程中对位置动态校正。软件上发展一种新的基于图像分窗口相关性的数字图像自动配准方法,对采集到的两幅或多幅STXM图像配准,对每一子区的自动相关匹配来对整幅图像精确配准,在x和y方向配准精度可达小于1像素尺度(STXM目前的要求)。  相似文献   

6.
同步辐射微束X射线荧光CT的计算机模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
邓彪  余笑寒  徐洪杰 《核技术》2007,30(1):5-11
同步辐射微束X射线荧光CT是一种能无损、高空间分辨和高灵敏地探测样品内部元素含量和分布的新技术,是在建的上海光源(SSRF)硬X射线微聚焦及应用光束线站可开展的实验方法之一.本文简要介绍了同步辐射微束X射线荧光CT的基本原理和实验技术发展,对同步辐射微束X射线荧光CT实验进行了计算机模拟,用滤波反投影算法(FBP)、代数重构算法(ART)和加吸收修正的FBP算法重构了模拟样品的图像.对各种重构方法得到的图像质量进行了分析和比较,讨论了其适用性.  相似文献   

7.
本实验采用eVProduct公司生产的共屏栅结构CdZnTe(CZT)探测器,建立了一套便携式铀富集度测量装置(图1)。该装置由CdZnTe探测器、屏蔽准直体、Inspector2000谱仪和一台笔记本电脑组成,采用VisualBasic语言对Genie2000系统进行二次开发,实现装置的控制操作和实时测量分析。  相似文献   

8.
一体化正电子发射断层成像(Positron Emission Tomography,PET)/磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)是将PET和MRI有机整合成一体的新型多模态医学影像系统,结合了MRI系统的软组织高分辨率与多参数多功能成像特性和PET系统的放射性示踪剂代谢高灵敏度以及数据定量化特性,常用于脑神经疾病的诊断。在PET/MRI脑部扫描中,脑区分割对脑图像定量研究具有重要的意义。目前行业通用的方法是基于脑图谱的分割方法,该方法既可以用于MRI图像也可以应用于PET图像。在一体化PET/MRI的临床科研中,由于PET和MRI图像同时采集、配准精度高,因此只需选取PET或者MRI图像进行基于图谱的分割,再将分区映射到另一模态图像即可。通过对比实验,将基于PET和MRI两种不同的图谱方案得到的脑区分割结果进行准确性比较。实验结果显示:基于PET的分割结果与金标准的平均dice值为0.64,而基于MRI的分割结果的平均dice值为0.74,表明利用MRI图像进行配准得到的脑区分割结果更精确。  相似文献   

9.
采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟计算了HPGeγ谱仪对标准样品体源的全能峰探测效率;然后通过实验测量获得标准样品体源各特征能量γ光子的全能峰净计数,并结合模拟得到的全能峰探测效率计算出标准样品体源中天然放射性核素的比活度,计算结果与标称值的相对偏差在±3%以内,符合较好。  相似文献   

10.
采用T(d,n)~4 He脉冲中子源和中子飞行时间法测量了3种不同尺寸聚乙烯样品在60°方向的泄漏中子飞行时间谱。通过3种模拟模型(点探测器简化模型、点探测器复杂模型和环探测器复杂模型),应用MCNP程序分别模拟得到了泄漏中子飞行时间谱,并与实验数据进行比较。结果显示:对于小体积样品(?13cm×6cm),3种模型的模拟数据和实验结果在n-p散射峰符合均很好;对于大体积样品(30cm×30cm×6cm,40cm×40cm×6cm),采用环探测器复杂模型的计算结果更加接近实验值。该研究工作为将来开展大体积样品基准检验奠定了基础。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, a new design of multi-parallel-beam (MPB) collimators with projection multiplexing is proposed. In the MPB system, two different oblique parallel channels are introduced in a conventional parallel-beam collimator. The sensitivity of the single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) system is improved by allowing projection overlapping. Comparative simulation studies were performed in the MPB collimators, general purpose parallel-beam (GPPB) collimators and high sensitivity parallel-beam (HSPB) collimators. In the simulation, attenuation, scattering and the impact of detector response were neglected. Simulation results show that the sensitivity is improved for the MPB collimator comparing with parallel-beam collimator. The behavior of spatial resolution is only different near the front face of the collimators and approaches that of the GPPB with increasing depth. Proper pre-filtering is helpful for the image reconstruction in the MPB collimators. Comparing with the HSPB collimator, the MPB can achieve a similar sensitivity and better resolution. The simulation ot the U87 cells, and their expression levels were higher in the 10 Gy group than in the 0 Gy group. The differential gene expression in DCX-U87 cells before and after radiation is helpful for future investigations into the mechanisms of radiation therapy in neurogliocytoma cells.  相似文献   

12.
欧阳习  李小华  高汝桢 《核技术》2001,24(5):389-392
对比研究γ相机准直器的3个主要质量指标对评价和检测准直器质量的价值。用同型号低能通用低能高分辨平行孔准直器4只,参照NEMA标准(1994),分别测试各准直器的系统均匀性,同时测试系统空间分辨率及灵敏度,对测试结果进行比较和分析。结果表明,同型号准直器的系统空间分辨率与灵敏度两项指标基本接近,而均匀性指标存在较大差异(当部分准直器存在质量问题时)。其中系统积分和微分均匀性分别超过6%和3%的3只准直器被证实存在质量问题。说明系统均匀性定量和定性地反映准直器的性能,是反映准直器质量问题的最基本和最有效指标。  相似文献   

13.
被动法γ光子针孔成像测量Pu部件对称性的数值模拟分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用Monte-Carlo数值模拟方法,理论分析Pu部件在不同针孔装置下的γ光子辐射场分布,论证了被动法γ光子针孔成像用于测量Pu部件对称性的可行性。数值模拟分析显示:采用优化的针孔装置,可提高成像质量;针孔装置特征、物距、像距属于敏感信息,对这些因素应有限制措施,以防止敏感信息泄漏。  相似文献   

14.
The impact of the divergence of a thermal neutron beam and the scattered neutrons on the quality of tomographic images acquired by transmission have been evaluated by using a third generation tomographic system incorporating neutron collimators under several different arrangements. The system equipped with a gaseous position sensitive detector has been placed at the main channel outlet of the Argonauta Research Reactor in Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (CNEN-Brazil) which furnishes a thermal neutron flux of 2.3 × 105 n cm−2 s−1. Experiments have then been conducted using test-objects with well-known inner structure and composition to assess the influence of the collimators arrangement on the quality of the acquired images. Both, beam divergence and scattering - expected to spoil the image quality - have been reduced by using properly positioned collimators between the neutron source and the object, and in the gap between the object and the detector, respectively. The shadow cast by this last collimator on the projections used to reconstruct the tomographic images has been eliminated by a proper software specifically written for this purpose. Improvement of the tomographic images has been observed, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach to improve their quality by using properly positioned collimators.  相似文献   

15.
In this paper,the spatial resolution and geometry sensitivity of parallel- and pin-hole collimators in compact gamma camera are presented,and quantitatively compared by GEANT4 code in Monte-Carlo library.The results show that the geometry sensitivity for pinhole collimator rapidly drops with increasing the gamma source-to- collimator distance(SCD);and for parallel-hole collimator,mildly.Meanwhile,the spatial resolution for pin-hole collimator mildly deteriorates;and for parallel-hole collimator,severely.The pin-hole collimator for close imaging objects has higher geometry sensitivity than parallel-hole collimator.Our findings are helpful for setting compact gamma camera collimators in nuclear medicine imaging.  相似文献   

16.
采用蒙特卡罗方法和技术,模拟TGS连续扫描模式,对不同形状的准直器,计算了被测量废物桶中各个像素内的纵向效率的最大百分差,从中选取了棱形准直器和调整后的棱形准直器作为TGS装置的扫描准直器。  相似文献   

17.
The influence of the collimator on the contrast recovery of hyperfixation was studied using a dual-headed single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) system with standard clinical acquisition parameters. Three parallel collimator sets and two fan beam collimator sets were tested with a Jaszczak phantom. The six spheres of the phantom were filled with 99mTc, and four background levels were progressively obtained by adding radioactivity to the cylinder of the phantom, providing four hyperfixation levels. The effects of angular sampling and reconstruction filters have been tested. The statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (ANOVA). This study demonstrates the advantage of ultra-high resolution fan beam collimators for contrast recovery of hyperfixation with SPECT when using 64 projections over 360°, in particular when the contrast is low. The authors also demonstrate that fan beam collimators permit smaller size hyperfixation detection  相似文献   

18.
A new type of high performance and compact neutron collimator can be manufactured from Gd- or B-doped microchannel plates (MCPs). Structures only a few mm thick have very narrow rocking curves and high out-of-angle rejection ratios, as observed previously with a cold neutron beam. We present the results of measurements with a collimated (L/D ratio ~280:1) thermal neutron beam. MCP collimators doped with 3 mole % of natGd2O3 as well as doped with 10 mole % of 10B2O3 were calibrated for transmission versus tilt angle. The MCPs used in this study were only 0.6 and 0.8 mm thick with ~8.5 mum circular pores on 11.5 mum centers. All the measured rocking curves agree well with the theoretically predicted performance. Both experimental and modeling results indicate that very efficient MCP collimators (with <0.1deg wide rocking curves and a rejection ratio exceeding 103) can be built with the existing technology. The possibility to manufacture collimators with very large L/D ratios exceeding 1000:1 is also discussed for the case of unetched MCPs. The peak transmission of such devices with very sharp rocking curves will be limited to ~40% by the transmission of the undoped glass. Application of MCP collimators for scatter rejection in neutron radiography is also considered in terms of possible image distortions, which are shown to occur only for the systems with detector spatial resolution better than 20 mum FWHM  相似文献   

19.
轫致辐射显像的初步探讨   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
蒋宁一  吕斌 《核技术》1994,17(5):284-288
应用Sophy DSX SPECT系统,以^90Y、^32P纯β类核素作为辐射源,通过模型实验选用不同准直器、不同能量窗宽等进行轫致辐射显像,以探讨最佳显像条件。结果发现:轫致辐射光谱是连续的,最大光子分布约在70keV,以高能准直器,取80keV60%的能量范围及窗宽或经验性窗宽、且准直器与放射源之间距离较短时图像最为满意,2例病人的显像效果良好。结果表明SPECT可以用作轫致辐射显像。  相似文献   

20.
为设计材料与构件深部应力场及缺陷无损探测中子谱仪的径向准直器,实现大型工程构件的远距离准确取样,本文分析了径向准直器的实空间和相空间取样原理,介绍了目前径向准直器取样体积的解析与模拟计算方法,并利用0.2 mm尼龙线测试了德国E3残余应力谱仪径向准直器的取样尺寸,基于实验结果确定了采用JRR3解析方法作为径向准直器取样尺寸的计算依据。根据解析计算结果,研究了设计参数对径向准直器取样尺寸和传输效率的影响规律,并按照谱仪的空间几何结构,最终设计了谱仪1、2、3、4、5 mm径向准直器取样系统。  相似文献   

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