一种基于高速微控制器的新型便携式多道分析器

介绍了一种基于高速微控制器的新型便携式多道分析器,分析了其硬件电路的实现方法和主机软件的设计思路,此多道具有速度快、体积小、性能较好等特点。     

基于微控制器MSC1210的数据采集控制模块设计

文章介绍一种基于微控制器MSC1210的数据采集控制模块,并给出了该控制模块的硬件组成和软件设计.该控制模块具有速度快、处理能力强、可靠性高、功耗低等优点,现已成功应用于加速器磁铁电源控制系统和HIRFL改造工程中.     

微控制器MSP430F149在烤箱控制系统中的应用

介绍了美国Texas Instruments新一代16位Flash型MSP430F149系列微控制器的结构、特性和功能．阐述了基于该控制器的烤箱控制系统的硬件组成和软件架构．具有功能强、结构简单、可靠性高、抗干扰能力强、不需扩展外围器件等特点,满足了烤箱控制系统中对温度的测控要求。     

基于MCU的简易测氡仪研制

介绍了基于MCU的测氡仪的内部组成与实际电路原理。选用PHILIPS公司P89C58单片机作仪器的微控制器，实现了对输入脉冲的定时计数、数据处理、显示、键盘接口、通信等功能。仪器具有功耗较低、集成度与微机化程度较高等特点，适于用于野外工作。     

CMOS工艺微控制器瞬时电离辐射效应实验研究

利用CMOS工艺微控制器的实验测试系统,在"强光一号"加速器上进行了瞬时剂量率效应实验。实验研究采用的γ脉冲宽度为20ns,剂量率(以Si原子计)为6.7×106～2.0×108Gy/s。在不同的剂量率水平下观察到了扰动和闭锁效应,获得了微控制器的闭锁阈值,分析了扰动时间、系统功耗电流与剂量率间的关系。瞬时电离辐射在CMOS工艺电路的PN结中产生光电流,导致了电学和功能参数的退化。     

基于MCU的简易测氡仪研制

介绍了基于MCU的测氡仪的内部组成与实际电路原理.选用PHILIPS公司P89C58单片机作仪器的微控制器,实现了对输入脉冲的定时计数、数据处理、显示、键盘接口、通信等功能.仪器具有功耗较低、集成度与微机化程度较高等特点,适合用于野外工作.     

便携式测氡仪器的研制

阐述了一种便携式测氡仪器的设计方案,包括测量原理、硬件和软件.通过分析氡的α衰变子体和说明区分这些子体的方法来阐明测量原理,详细介绍了组成该仪器的各个部件及其原理,如电源、半导体探测器、微控制器等.最后根据测量结果具体分析了仪器的性能.     

基于SHT75的氡室温湿度测控系统

介绍了数字温湿度传感器SHT75的工作原理、内部结构,测量分辨率和测量范围、操作命令和接口时序.对由SHT75数字温湿度传感器、ATmega128微控制器组成的氡室温湿度测控系统,提出了硬件的组成和软件的设计方案.基于SHT75的氡室温湿度测控系统具有电路结构简单、实时性强、精度高、稳定性好等特点.     

∑-△模数转换在荧光测量中的应用

介绍了以∑-△ADC为核心器件的荧光强度测量系统.该系统由ADS1255和微控制器LPC2368等器件构成,后者进行控制、数据处理和承担通信接口,给出了系统连接框图.对稳恒和交变两种输入信号,进行了线性响应、频率响应、测量精度和长期稳定性实验.实验表明,系统达到了优良的线性响应,测量精度达到0.01%.     

基于MCU的简易便携式γ辐射仪设计

介绍了基于删的γ测量仪的内部组成与实际电路原理.改进分离数字器件电路,选用PHILIPS公司单片机作仪器的微控制器,实现了对输入脉冲的定时计数、数据处理、显示、键盘接口、通信等功能.仪器具有功耗较低,集成度、微机化程度与工作稳定性较高等特点,因其制作简易、轻巧,使用方便,适合用于室内外工作.     

Identification of radiation treatment of wheat （Triticum aestivum. L）and rice （Oryza sativa. L） samples using thermoluminescence of contaminating minerals

Food irradiation is gaining popularity worldwide and this technology is important to improve quality and reduce the post harvest losses of food. Because of the rapid commercialization of irradiated foods throughout the world, compliance of different regulations relating to use of technology in different countries and demand of consumers for clear labelling of irradiated foods, there is need for the development of analytical methods to detect radiation treatment of food. Among several methods studied so far, thermoluminescence （TL） is an important method that can be used to find out the irradiation history of food that contain even a very minute amount of dust particles. In this study, the irradiated and unirradiated wheat and rice samples were analyzed using the TL method. The samples were purchased from the local market of Peshawar and irradiated to radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy using Co-60 gamma irradiator at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture （NIFA）, Peshawar. The mineral contaminants were isolated by jet water, ultrasonic treatment, and density gradient. TL glow curves of the isolated minerals from irradiated and unirradiated samples were recorded between the temperature ranges of 50-500℃ using a TL reader. Generally, the glow curves for irradiated samples showed much higher TL intensities （TL1） than the unirradiated samples. The results were normalized by rerradiation of mineral samples to gamma-ray dose of 1.0 kGy followed by determination of the second glow curves （TL2）. The ratio of the area of first glow curve to that of second glow curve （TL1/TL2） was calculated for selected temperature intervals and compared with the recommended values for unirradiated and irradiated samples. Finally, the shapes of the glow curves for irradiated and unirradiated samples were also analyzed. On the basis of these results （comparison of TL-intensities, TL1/TL2 ratios and shapes of the glow curves）, all the irradiated and unirradiated samples of wheat and rice were unequivocally identified.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

Interaction between uranium and humic acid (Ⅰ): Adsorption behaviors of U(Ⅵ) in soil humic acids

The adsorption behaviors of uranium on three soil humic acids (HAs), which were extracted from soils of different depths at the same site, were investigated under various experimental conditions. The adsorption results showed that U(Ⅵ) in solutions can be adsorbed by the three soil HAs, with the order of FHA (HA from 5 m depth of soil) ＞SHA (HA from the surface) ＞THA (HA from 10 m depth of soil) for adsorption efficiency in each desirable condition, and the adsorption reached equilibrium in about 240 min. Although the maximum adsorption efficiency was adsorption could be described with Langmiur isotherm or Freundlich isotherm equation. The L/S (liquid/solid, mL/g)ratio and pH were important factors influencing the adsorption in our adsorption system besides uranium concentration. The adsorption efficiency decreased with the increase of the L/S ratio and pH at the pH range of 2.0-3.0 for SHA and THA or 2.5 - 6.0 for FHA. However, no significant difference in adsorption of U(Ⅵ) was observed at the experimental temperature. All the results implied that humic substances have different characteristics in samples even collected at the same site.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Information for authors

<正>1.NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES(NST),a bimonthly journal,is devoted to all aspects of nuclear science and technology,theoretical or experimental.Its special interest lies in the subjects of synchrotron radiation science and technology;low energy accelerators,radiation technology and applications;radiochemistry,radiopharmaceuticals and nuclear medicine;nuclear electronics and instrumen-     

PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 16(2014)

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Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.