共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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《核技术》2018,(11)
中子管是可控中子发生器的关键核心部件。国产中子管在可靠性、稳定性等方面与国外先进水平还有一定差距。为了得出影响中子管可靠性的关键因素,以预制靶密封氘氚中子管为例,采用风险优先数法(Risk Priority Number, RPN)开展了故障模式及影响分析(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, FMEA),按不同约定层次对所有可能的故障模式、故障原因、故障影响、后果严酷度、发生概率及危害程度进行了详细分析。根据FMEA结果,讨论了危害性较大的故障模式,并给出了提高中子管可靠性的设计改进方向。研究表明:离子源和靶是影响中子管可靠性的关键部件,离子源阴极/阳极短路导致的电离异常、靶膜氧化或脱落导致的吸附氘氚气体能力丧失等故障模式的危害性较大。 相似文献
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大面积氘/氚靶是实现高产额强流中子源的关键部件,是氘、氚中子源广泛应用的前提条件。本工作采用磁控溅射镀膜与多弧离子镀结合的方式,制备以铜或钼为基底、直径大于500 mm的大面积钛膜。针对制备的钛膜,采用自研的氘/氚靶生产系统,经过除气、净化、高温吸氘/氚、尾气回收等流程,生产了氘/氚钛原子比大于1.85的氘靶、氚靶,采用Ф22 mm的小靶片,进行氘束流加速器中子产额测试,研制的氘靶中子产额达到8.0×108/s,根据氘靶与氚靶反应截面计算氚靶中子产额,相同条件下,氚靶的中子产额在1.0×1011/s以上。以上测试结果表明,本工作研制的Ф500 mm大面积氘/氚靶,可实现强流中子源的高产额中子输出,达到国际先进水平。 相似文献
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在目前的氘氚中子发生器源中子分析过程中,固体氚靶中氚浓度深度分布信息的缺失是普遍遇到的问题。为解决此问题,本文建立了利用伴随粒子能谱反演氚浓度深度分布的模型,采用来自氚钛靶的α实验能谱作为模型测试对象,通过该模型获得了氚钛靶中氚浓度深度分布的数据。结果表明,氚浓度随氚钛靶深度的增加呈双峰趋势,两峰之间的氚浓度波谷位于靶中0.94 μm处,该深度正是入射氘粒子的射程极限。所得的氚浓度深度分布趋势与其他实验方法测量结果相符,表明该模型能为氘氚中子发生器的源中子分析提供即时的氚浓度深度分布信息。 相似文献
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D-T脉冲中子发生器随钻中子孔隙度测井的蒙特卡罗模拟 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟研究了D-T脉冲中子发生器和241Am-Be中子源产生的中子与地层的作用过程,以探讨D-T脉冲中子发生器在随钻中子孔隙度测井中的应用价值。模拟结果显示,使用这两种中子源,热中子计数均随源距增加而呈指数下降;孔隙度较小时,两者的计数差异较小,当地层孔隙度达到40%时,D-T脉冲中子发生器产生的热中子和超热中子计数均比241Am-Be中子源高很多,其分布范围也更宽,近探测器的源距选择20~30 cm,远探测器的源距选择约60~70 cm;D-T脉冲中子发生器用于中子孔隙度测井时对地层孔隙度的灵敏度降低,而相同源距条件下探测深度几乎不变。以上结果提示,利用D-T脉冲中子发生器可以进行补偿中子孔隙度测井,在增加源距的同时既可以保证计数统计性,又可以提高灵敏度和探测深度,在随钻测井仪器设计中可以取代241Am-Be中子源。 相似文献
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1988年兰州大学成功研制了3×1012 s-1的ZF-300强流中子发生器,主要用于核数据测量、材料辐照损伤等研究。为进一步开展活化法中子核数据测量、裂变物理等研究,兰州大学启动了基于倍压加速器的ZF-400强流中子发生器研制工程,该中子发生器的设计指标为D束流能量400 keV、D束流强度大于30 mA、D-D中子产额大于5×1010 s-1,D-T中子产额大于5×1012 s-1。在裂变物理研究方面,已成功发展了描述裂变核断点裂变势的势驱动模型(potential-driving model),并开展了中子诱发典型锕系核素裂变发射中子前裂变产物的质量分布计算研究;将potential-driving model植入Geant4程序,发展了用于裂变发射中子后裂变产物质量分布、动能分布、裂变中子能谱等模拟的蒙特卡罗方法,并开展了可靠性评估研究;研制了一套用于裂变产物实验测量的双屏栅电离室(TFGIC),并完成了初步实验测试。在中子应用技术方面,为满足小型化中子应用技术系统的研发需求,兰州大学成功研制了长度984 mm、直径234 mm的紧凑型中子发生器,通过在引出加速电极和靶之间加电阻的方式产生偏置电场,实现对靶上二次电子的抑制。在自注入靶条件和150 keV氘束流能量下,D-D中子产额可大于5×108 s-1,该中子发生器已具备产生D-T中子产额大于1010 s-1量级的潜力。完成了基于紧凑型D-T中子发生器的快中子准直屏蔽体的设计,并研发了基于微通道板的快中子成像探测器,初步D-T快中成像测试显示,图像空间分辨率约为500 μm。开展了基于紧凑型D-D中子发生器的核燃料棒235U富集度及均匀性检测系统研发,仿真研究表明,在D-D中子产额5×108 s-1条件下,对核燃料棒中10%范围内的235U富集度相对变化的检测置信度可达到99%。 相似文献
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《核技术(英文版)》2016,(5):125-130
To obtain multiple monoenergetic neutron sources and realize the on-site calibration of radiation monitoring equipment for nuclear-involved places,the structural characteristics and neutron source features of D-T neutron tube were analyzed;Monte Carlo method was adopted to simulate the effect of interaction between typical materials and different energy neutrons;multilayered shielding materials were combined and optimized to acquire the optimal scheme to shield the neutron sources from the neutron tube.On the base,a tapered alignment filtration construction was designed and Monte Carlo method was employed to simulate the effect of alignment construction.The result showed that the tapered alignment filtration construction can create monoenergetic neutrons including14.1 MeV,0.18 MeV and thermal neutrons and demonstrated good monochrome performance which provides multiple monoenergetic sources for the on-site calibration. 相似文献
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《核技术(英文版)》2017,(12)
Recent progress in nuclear data measurement for ADS at Institute of Modern Physics is reviewed briefly.Based on the cooler storage ring of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, nuclear data terminal was established.The nuclear data measurement facility for the ADS spallation target has been constructed, which provides a very important platform for the experimental measurements of spallation reactions. A number of experiments have been conducted in the nuclear data terminal. A Neutron Time-of-Flight(NTOF)spectrometer was developed for the study of neutron production from spallation reactions related to the ADS project.The experiments of 400 MeV/u ~(16)O bombarded on a tungsten target were presented using a NTOF spectrometer.Neutron yields for 250 MeV protons incident on a thick grain-made tungsten target and a thick solid lead target have been measured using the water-bath neutron activation method. Spallation residual productions were studied by bombarding W and Pb targets with a 250 MeV proton beam using the neutron activation method. Benchmarking of evaluated nuclear data libraries was performed for D-T neutrons on ADS relevant materials by using the benchmark experimental facility at the China Institute of Atomic Energy. 相似文献
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D-T中子发生器作为高能中子源,已用于特种核材料的有源探测技术中,利用时间符合法可实现被测物体的多模式成像,而中子源束斑尺寸是影响成像位置分辨的一个重要的因素。因此,结合D-T反应的特点和实际应用环境,开发了n-α关联符合测量确定中子源束斑尺寸的方法。利用该方法对小型移动中子发生器的束斑尺寸进行了测量,获得的束斑尺寸为(2.8±0.9) mm,与用CCD相机直接观测得到的约3 mm的测量结果一致,证明了该方法测量束斑尺寸的可行性。该方法也可用于辅助D-T中子源调束和关联粒子成像实验过程中的束斑监测。 相似文献
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ZHANG Kai HOU Long CHEN Hongtao BAO Jie SU Ming RUAN Nianshou ZHAO Fang 《原子能科学技术》1959,54(12):2289-2295
As a high-energy neutron source, the D-T neutron generator has been used in the active detection technology of special nuclear materials. The time coincidence method can be used to achieve multi-mode imaging of the measured object, and the beam spot size of the neutron source is a very important factor that affects the imaging position resolution. Therefore, combined with the characteristics of D-T reaction and practical application environment, a method for n-α correlation coincidence measurement to determine the beam spot size of neutron source was developed. This method was used to measure the beam spot size of a small mobile neutron generator. The beam spot size obtained is (2.8±0.9) mm, which is consistent with the measurement result of about 3 mm obtained by direct observation with CCD camera, which proves that this method is feasible. This method can also be used to assist D-T neutron source beam tuning and beam spot size monitoring in associated particle imaging experiments. 相似文献