广州新白云国际机场航站楼规划验收测量

基于E级GPS控制网布设图根导线进行细部观测,结合三维激光扫描技术完成广州新白云国际机场航站楼规划验收测量,并将成果进行数据整理,实现地形图动态更新。通过全站仪观测数据与三维扫描结果的对比分析,表明三维激光扫描技术在结构复杂、超大规模建筑物测量中具有较好的应用前景。     

Across‐wind dynamic response of high‐rise building under wind action with interference effects from one and two tall buildings

Systematic studies on the across‐wind dynamic interference effects on two and three tall buildings are presented in this paper. It is found that surrounding and upstream interfering building(s) can significantly affect the across‐wind load on the interfered principal building. Generally speaking, two interfering buildings can cause more adverse dynamic effects on the principal building than a single one does. The results show that the maximum interference factor (IF) among three buildings increases 80% over that between two buildings in terrain category B which has been defined in Chinese load code for design of building structures; a noticeable difference of 29% of IF is also observed in terrain category D. Vortex shedding from the upstream buildings can lead to vortex‐induced resonance, resulting in excessive across‐wind loads on the downstream building. Although interference effects in terrain category D are much smaller than those in exposure category B, the maximum IF is found to be 1·83 in the case of three buildings with the same size in terrain category D and 2·27 in other configurations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于城市规划管理的三维建模应用研究

三维报建技术是规划报建最新发展方向,论文重点研究三维报建中模型建立方面知识,其关键技术是应用Skyline的二次开发工具及3Dsmax建模工具实现地形、报建建筑及周边建筑物及其它城市部件的建模。     

基于三维激光扫描技术的建筑物变形监测应用

建筑物变形监测是建筑施工后期的一项重要工作。传统的变形监测作业强度大、工作效率低等直接制约建筑物的基本应用。三维激光扫描仪的工作模式能更好的替代传统作业模式,文中通过实际案例分别应用三维激光扫描技术和全站仪技术对建筑物进行变形监测工作,对后期数据进行对比分析,更直观的反映出三维激光扫描技术在建筑物变形观测工作中的可行性。     

三维激光扫描技术在古建筑测绘中的应用分析

通过对三维激光扫描技术在古建筑测绘中的应用研究,简要阐述了其技术流程,并结合案例分析了在古建筑保护应用中的精度、效率及存在的问题。试验结果表明：该技术能满足古建筑测绘成果制作的要求,总结出了该技术与传统在不同古建筑测绘中各自的优势,对古建筑测绘具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Evolving opportunities for providing thermal comfort

The building industry needs a fundamental paradigm shift in its notion of comfort, to find low-energy ways of creating more thermally dynamic and non-uniform environments that bring inhabitants pleasure. Strategies for providing enriched thermal environments must be conjoined with reducing energy; these are inseparable for any building striving for high performance. The objective of current comfort standards is to have no more than 20% of occupants dissatisfied, yet buildings are not reaching even that scant goal. A significant energy cost is incurred by the current practice of controlling buildings within a narrow range of temperatures (often over-cooling in the summer). If building designers and operators can find efficient ways to allow building temperatures to float over a wider range, while affording occupants individual control of comfort, the potential for energy savings is enormous. Five new ways of thinking, or paradigm shifts, are presented for designing or operating buildings to provide enhanced thermal experiences. They are supported by examples of research conducted by the Center for the Built Environment, and include shifts from centralized to personal control, from still to breezy air movement, from thermal neutrality to delight, from active to passive design, and from system disengagement to improved feedback loops.     

三维激光扫描技术应用于建筑物建模的测量方法研究

三维激光扫描技术是当前一种新技术,其应用领域广泛.提出三维激光扫描技术在建筑物模型建设中的应用方法,分别以不同类型的建筑物为例,研究了其具体测量方案,并对相关参数设置进行分析,通过实验该方法取得了较好的结果.     

An Effective Texture Mapping Approach for 3D Models Obtained from Laser Scanner Data to Building Documentation

Abstract: Obtaining virtual models from real buildings, terrains, or building works is a matter of increased interest in construction. The application of such models ranges from technical use in architecture and civil engineering, to multimedia presentation, or remote visits through the web. This is becoming possible thanks to recent advances in laser scanning technology and related 3D processing algorithms. Moreover, real texture mapped onto 3D models is often required for communication, cataloguing, or digital documentation projects. In this article, an effective methodology to obtain digital building documentation based on 3D textured models is presented. First of all, a brief presentation of laser scanners is given as their data are used. An approach for mapping photographic images onto 3D models is also presented. The proposed approach, based on a camera registration method, offers high flexibility as it is based on hand‐held cameras and can be implemented in a computing‐effective way. A method for automatic image selection in overlapped areas is also presented. Finally, some hints are given concerning the automatic extraction of sections, orthophotos, and feature lines from the models. Experimental results focused on heritage buildings are shown, which demonstrate the suitability of the proposed techniques.     

高层建筑环境激励动态特性的GPS监测研究

结合重庆大学主教学楼工程实例,对GPS技术在环境激励下的动态特性进行监测,并对监测数据进行了分析,对监测方案进行了验证。研究结果表明,应用GPS技术对高层建筑环境激励动态特性进行监测,能够准确、快速得到建筑物的振动周期,对高层建筑结构设计提供参考,并可为施工纠偏提供准确依据。     

User behavior and energy efficiency in north cyprus university dormitories: a case study

Journal of Housing and the Built Environment - Recent studies present the fact that technological advancements and improvements in building physical elements are not sufficient on their own to...     

强调测绘技术合理性的教学改革——以南京工业大学建筑学专业古建筑测绘课程为例

近年来,激光扫描、摄影测量等光学测量技术在古建筑测绘教学中逐渐普及,然而其往往仅作为手工测量的辅助,用于量取后者不便测量的数据,忽视了其对测量成果图学表达方法革新的潜力。以南京工业大学建筑学专业古建筑测绘课程为例,介绍了强调测绘技术合理性的教学改革。在教学目标上,了解古建筑与学习测绘技能并重,仪器测量与手工测量同步,多种图学表达方法结合。在教学组织上,结合测量技术学习的规律和测量对象的特点,分为授课、实验、测量、数据处理、成果表达五个环节。在考核方式上,强调测量精度、表达深度、合作协同。最后,以矢量图与三维模型结合表达纪念性建筑、手工测量与仪器测量所得屋顶曲面数据的互证、天花彩画的病害记录与分析、基于地理信息系统的南京古建筑专题地图为例,介绍了教学成果的多元表达与专业反馈。这一教学改革正视新兴测量技术对传统古建筑测绘方法的革新,及其对不同类型古建筑的图学表达带来的帮助,使学生掌握的测绘技术更趋实用,并意识到数字化技术在建筑学不同分支中的共通性。     

三维激光扫描技术与GIS在古建筑保护中的应用

本文通过介绍三维激光扫描技术,给出了基于三维激光扫描仪的外业点云测绘实施方案和数据处理流程。结合实例分析了用户对于三维激光扫描点云数据处理软件和生成三维古建筑模型的需求,通过建立古建筑数据库,设计了基于GIS的古建筑数字保护系统。结果表明,三维激光扫描结合GIS技术用于古建筑数字化保护具有重要意义。     

传统与科技接轨——历史建筑数字化保护及改造再利用研究

通过对四川省乐山市沙湾区郭沫若故居历史地段与传统民居建筑的系统调查,采用三维激光扫描技术来探究数字化的保护过程及其特点,并强调以原真性、可识别性、科学性、可操作性、可持续性五大思想为指导,利用现代建筑设计理论、方法及三维激光扫描数字技术,针对郭沫若故居及其周边历史地段进行数字化保护和改造再利用研究。     

中澳绿色建筑评价对比研究

现如今绿色建筑蓬勃发展,国内外绿色建筑评价的研究也逐渐丰富起来。本文结合绿色建筑评价的特点,并以澳大利亚NABERS为重点研究对象,对绿色建筑评价体系做出系统研究。通过与我国《绿色建筑评价标准》的对比分析对我国绿色建筑评价的发展提出了建议。     

晋系古建筑窑上建房营造技术分析

“窑房同构”的营造方式,包括“窑 上建窑”“窑上建房”“窑前建房”“窑顶檐 厦”“无梁结构”和“窑脸仿木”六种营造做 法,是晋系古建筑典型的技术方式,在山西各 地均有发现。其中,“窑上建房”的技术现象 非常普遍,广泛应用于楼阁、殿堂和民居建 筑中。“窑上建房”技术历史悠久,是晋系古 建筑典型的地方做法之一,坚固经济,因境而 成,空间布局灵活,适应平地、山地等复杂多 样的自然地理环境,蕴含深厚的人居智慧。 明初创造的硬山顶形式,被广泛应用于山西 古建筑中。硬山顶采用墙体承重的砖木混合 结构体系,其山墙可与筒拱的边墙上下对齐, 而不做任何收分,为窑上建房创造了条件,促 进了窑房同构技术的发展。     

基于ArcGis的三维地形可视化及其在山区小城镇规划中的应用——以福建省安溪县西坪镇为例

本文对于当前的三维地形可视化技术进行了研究。首先,比较了现有的各种三维地形可视化技术的优劣,然后,使用ArcGis作为平台详细展示了TIN表面建模以及进行三维分析的特点,并使用了福建省的西坪镇作为例子展示整个工作流程和分析方法。最后,总结城市规划通过地理信息系统的技术与前沿三维可视化技术的应用支撑,来实现对于土地利用科学决策的具体方式。     

Measuring capability for sustainability: the Built Environment Sustainability Tool (BEST)

An alternative approach to conceptualizing and measuring the built environment is developed which forms the basis of a new assessment tool. The role of buildings is reframed to consider what capabilities for sustainability a building can provide to the inhabitants and local community. This capability to support sustainability is defined as the ability to improve the local quality of life (Human Development Index) whilst remaining below the environmental carrying capacity (environmental footprint). This approach has clear implications about the role of buildings in enabling residents and users to achieve these targets and outcomes. This shifts the focus of net-positive development toward configurations and characteristics of the built environment that are appropriate for a particular context. A Built Environment Sustainability Tool (BEST) is presented that defines and assesses these configurations and characteristics. Assessments can be conducted by measuring the extent to which required configurations and characteristics exist (i.e. ‘the capability of the built environment to support sustainability’). BEST is compared with other green building rating tool approaches in order to review the methodology critically and to evaluate this as a means of improving built environment sustainability performance.     

关于Cyclone软件与AutoCAD软件结合使用的探讨

作为一项新的数据获取手段,地面三维激光扫描仪可以快速、精确和高效地测量目标的三维影像数据,突破了传统的测量和数据处理方法,赢得了全新的研究和应用领域。本文就三维激光扫描技术的后处理弊端,结合变电所三维模型的建立,探索了Cyclone软件与AutoCAD软件的结合应用。     

三维激光扫描技术在危岩体勘查中的应用

以拟建渝利铁路线青石岩段为例,利用三维激光扫描仪快速、准确的获取边坡点云数据,这些数据经过处理后即可得到边坡的数字模型,通过等高线模型及地形剖面图,可以看出边坡可能存在危岩体的位置,进而量算出危岩体的产状、体积等参数。