钢框架梁端翼缘扩大型节点低周反复荷载试验研究

针对钢框架梁端翼缘扩大型节点进行4个1∶2缩尺比例的模型试验,深入研究梁端翼缘侧板加强型节点和梁端翼缘圆弧扩翼型节点在低周往复荷载作用下节点的屈服荷载、极限荷载、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性和耗能能力等抗震性能。为了比较分析,还设计制作了1个普通栓焊节点试件。试验结果表明,4个梁端翼缘扩大型梁柱节点均达到了抗弯钢框架连接的抗震要求,而普通栓焊节点试件由于梁柱焊缝根部的脆性破坏制约了梁柱节点的塑性发展;梁端翼缘侧板加强型节点由于侧板与梁翼缘对接焊缝的影响使得焊接热影响区母材变脆而发生脆性撕裂,致使节点的耗能性能受到影响;梁端翼缘圆弧扩翼型节点的抗震性能优于梁端翼缘侧板加强型节点。建议在实际工程中,采用圆弧渐进式过渡的梁端翼缘扩翼型节点,可以有效保证梁柱节点连接的塑性变形和耗能能力。     

设置垫板的梁柱T形件连接节点抗震性能试验研究

针对传统钢结构梁柱连接在地震中易脆性破坏,改进连接震后不易修复等问题,提出设置垫板的梁柱T形件连接构造措施。设计、制作3个不同形式的梁柱T形件连接试件,分别为未设置混凝土板的连接节点、设置混凝土板的连接节点和未设置混凝土板的传统梁柱T形件连接节点,对其进行往复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究试件的抗弯刚度、承载力、延性、滞回性能、耗能能力、破坏模式等。此外,更换梁下部翼缘处已破坏的T形件进行修复,并对修复后的试件进行拟静力试验。结果表明：设置垫板的T形件连接节点在往复荷载作用下具有稳定的滞回性能和良好的耗能能力;破坏试件的梁、柱均不发生屈服,转动中心位于梁端上部翼缘附近,能够保证在地震作用下梁端上部翼缘连接部位不发生破坏,并能够保护梁上混凝土楼板不发生较大的损坏;混凝土楼板的存在会提高节点正弯矩下的初始刚度和承载力,并使弯曲中性轴上移;更换梁下部翼缘处已破坏的T形件进行修复,修复后试件的滞回性能与原试件无明显差异。     

钢刚架梁柱连接中柱翼缘板的胶合加强研究

门式刚架钢结构的梁柱节点常常采用螺栓端板连接,由于柱翼缘厚度较端板厚度薄,为避免柱翼缘发生冲切破坏,工程设计中常采用在节点域加厚柱翼缘,厚翼缘和薄翼缘采用对接焊缝连接,这种连接方式存在施工不便和应力集中等缺陷,在此提出一种柱翼缘粘结钢板的加强连接方式,并对这种连接方式进行了详细的有限元分析。     

钢框架梁柱加强与削弱并用节点抗震性能研究

1994年北岭地震和1995年阪神地震后,大量钢结构梁柱节点发生了脆性破坏,采取构造措施使塑性铰外移从而保护梁端焊缝成为震后改进钢框架梁柱节点的主要思想。将加强型和削弱型两种方式相结合,采用钢框架梁柱加强与削弱并用节点,对其中2类3种钢框架梁端加强与翼缘削弱梁柱节点进行了大比例尺试验和有限元分析。研究结果表明,3种钢框架梁端加强与翼缘削弱梁柱节点均实现了塑性铰外移,保护了梁端焊缝,具有良好的塑性转动能力和耗能能力。研究成果为该2类节点用于工程实际提供了参考。     

方钢管混凝土柱-H钢梁上环下贯栓焊混合节点抗震性能数值模拟北大核心CSCD

为了解决钢结构中钢梁下翼缘焊缝根部易发生脆性断裂的问题,提出一种兼有外环板和贯通隔板的新型栓焊混合装配方钢管混凝土柱-H钢梁连接节点。采用有限元ABAQUS对其进行数值模拟,研究该节点的传力机理、屈服机制、破坏模态和耗能性能。通过有限元参数分析,深入研究轴压比、宽厚比以及外环板厚度对节点抗震性能的影响。结果表明:节点呈现典型弯曲破坏模式,塑性铰发生在梁上翼缘与外环板连接处,节点屈服始于翼缘塑性铰区,经由翼缘扩展至腹板,继而钢管混凝土柱屈曲,最终上翼缘焊缝断裂破坏,且节点表现出良好的转动性能;增大钢管宽厚比和外环板厚度均可提高节点承载力,建议钢管宽厚比取值为35~45,钢梁翼缘与外环板厚度及钢材强度一致。     

翼缘削弱型外伸式端板连接节点在梁柱弱轴方向的受力性能研究

通过ANSYS有限元程序,对翼缘削弱型端板连接节点进行了单调加载和低周反复荷载作用下非线性有限元分析,研究翼缘削弱型端板连接节点的破坏形式和受力性能。分析结果表明:在梁柱弱轴方向,翼缘削弱型端板连接具有较大的连接刚度和理想的滞回性能;梁翼缘处的焊缝强度是决定翼缘削弱型端板连接节点性能的主要因素,这为翼缘削弱型节点的研究和应用提供了理论依据。     

钢框架加强型节点抗震性能试验研究及有限元分析

为探讨加强板构造形式对节点抗震性能的影响,针对盖板、翼缘过渡板、腋板以及肋板等4种不同构造形式加强型节点进行试验及有限元分析,对其承载力、荷载-位移滞回性能、塑性变形能力、耗能、破坏形态等进行研究。结果表明:在低周循环荷载作用下,4种不同构造形式的节点试件均形成塑性铰并远离梁柱连接焊缝位置,塑性铰处的梁翼缘和腹板均产生较大塑性变形,耗能效果明显,达到塑性铰外移设计要求,梁柱节点焊缝没有出现脆性破坏。加强板的构造形式对节点承载力、延性及耗能能力有较大的影响,腋板及肋板加强节点试件的承载力高于盖板和翼缘过渡板加强型节点,而后两种节点的延性和耗能能力大于前两种节点。设计中应综合考虑加强板构造形式对节点抗震性能影响。综合比较试验及有限元分析结果可知,翼缘过渡板、腋板加强型节点具有较高的承载力以及较好的延性和耗能能力,建议在高烈度抗震设防区使用。     

T型钢连接梁柱半刚性节点承载力影响因素研究

T型钢连接梁柱半刚性节点在钢结构中的应用前景广阔。文章为了研究节点承载能力影响因素,利用有限元软件ADINA,建立了T型钢连接梁柱半刚性节点数值模型,研究了T型板破坏特征,通过建立T型板翼缘不同厚度模型,分析了翼缘厚度对T型钢连接梁柱半刚性节点极限承载力的影响。计算结果分析表明:T型钢厚度对节点极限承载力影响较大,当翼缘厚度增加时,节点极限承载力增大,但超过柱翼缘厚度后,不能充分利用T型板翼缘强度。     

带悬臂梁段拼接的梁柱连接循环荷载试验研究

为了检验带悬臂梁段拼接的梁柱连接抗震性能,对4个试件进行了循环加载试验。试验侧重于对拼接节点的研究,采用10.9级高强螺栓摩擦型连接,翼缘和腹板全部拼接。试验结果表明:螺栓拼接节点的延性远好于梁柱焊缝连接;较弱的拼接节点产生较大的塑性变形;接触面的滑移摩擦、螺栓与孔壁的挤压和翼缘拼接板的屈曲都使连接具有良好的耗能能力;但滑移伴随有剧烈的响声,会使人产生心理恐慌。根据试验结果提出了设计建议:尽量将拼接设计得弱些,可以提高梁柱连接的转动能力,减少地震作用向梁柱连接焊缝的输入,延缓焊缝的脆性破坏。     

端板型装配式钢结构梁柱节点受力机理研究

提出了一种端板型装配式钢结构梁柱节点,其由带悬臂梁段圆钢管柱、普通梁段及两者之间的连接装置组成。通过调整翼缘连接盖板的厚度、中间排螺栓间距等参数,可控制翼缘连接盖板处连接刚度的变化,从而利用翼缘连接盖板的变形进行耗能,确保梁柱等主要构件保持弹性不发生破坏,实现节点的震后快速修复。通过对6个节点的数值模拟研究,获得了节点的承载能力、破坏模式、构件应力及螺栓拉力变化等,分析了悬臂梁段翼缘厚度、悬臂梁段端板与普通梁段端板之间间隙、中间排螺栓间距、翼缘连接盖板厚度和翼缘连接盖板材料等参数对节点关键力学性能的影响规律。分析表明:通过合理设计螺栓及翼缘连接盖板相关参数可保证节点承载能力,确保梁柱等主要构件不发生破坏,实现节点的震后快速修复。     

带楼板的钢梁和CFT柱抗弯连接的抗震分析

对4个带楼板的钢管混凝土柱连接进行抗震性能分析,包括2个内部和2个外部节点。研究目的主要是对台湾地区广泛采用的钢梁组合楼板的性能进行分析。其次对梁末端楔形翼缘或者较大剪切键等连接处的抗震性能也进行了研究,以避免如Northridge地震后出现的那种不可预料的脆性破坏导致的梁翼缘焊缝完全熔透。     

足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点抗震性能试验研究

通过10个不同连接构造的足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点的试验,研究了标准栓焊连接节点、标准全焊连接节点、梁翼缘加强型节点、梁翼缘局部削弱型节点以及梁贯通型节点在梁端往复荷载作用下的破坏过程、破坏形态、承载力和塑性变形能力等抗震性能。试验结果表明,梁翼缘局部切割削弱和梁翼缘加盖板节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.03,梁贯通型节点、梁下翼缘加腋节点和梁翼缘打孔节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.02,其余类型节点的都小于0.02。对实测的梁翼缘和腹板的应力分布的分析表明,梁根部翼缘处于三向应力状态,是其脆性断裂破坏的原因之一。建议钢框架梁柱连接优先采用梁翼缘加梯形盖板节点和梁下翼缘加腋节点。     

Seismic behavior of steel beams and CFT column moment-resisting connections with floor slabs

This research investigates the seismic performance of four steel beams to concrete filled steel tube (CFT) column connections with floor slabs, including two interior and two exterior joints. The objective of this research is to evaluate firstly the composite effect of the steel beam and floor slab commonly used in Taiwan in practice. Secondly, the seismic behavior of new connection details such as the taper flange or larger shear tab in the beam-end is investigated to prevent complete joint penetration welds (CJP) of the girder flanges from the unexpected brittle failure found in the latter after the Northridge earthquake. In addition to the experimental investigation, the development and validation of analytical models for the assessment of the force-deformation behavior of the joint components are also conducted. The slab effect on the shear transfer in the panel zone is investigated as well.     

Seismic behavior of exterior connections with steel beams bolted to CFT columns

In order to improve the constructability and meanwhile ensure satisfactory seismic behavior, an innovative type of connection for concrete filled circular steel tube (CFT) column-to-steel beam composite structures was conceived and studied. The proposed connection details are characterized by an extended endplate that is welded to a steel beam in factory and then bolted to a CFT column using high-strength steel rods in the field. An experimental investigation on seismic behavior of the proposed bolted endplate connection and evaluation of the effect of concrete floor slabs and reduced beam sections was conducted by testing three full scale joint models. The experimental results indicated that the presence of floor slabs contributed to the strength of joints significantly and reduced beam sections were effective in moving the buckling zone away from the welds. Analytical models for the bolted endplate connections were also constructed using OPENSEES1.7.3 to simulate the experimental results.     

钢构造梁扩翼接头之耐震行为

传统抗弯构架之梁柱接头梁腹板以螺栓接合而梁翼板以全渗透焊接于柱,在北岭及阪神地震的侵袭下,梁柱接头处发生严重脆性破坏。本研究针对钢梁连接H型钢柱之接头,以扩大接头处梁翼板宽度之改良方式,改善扇形开孔处与梁翼全渗透焊道之应力集中现象。藉由参数研究确立各设计参数,制作六组实尺寸试体进行试验。试验结果显示,扩翼式梁柱接头试体可降低梁柱接头处发生脆性破坏之可能,而皆可产生塑性铰,提供优良且稳定之弯矩强度及韧性能力。     

竖向荷载下足尺半刚性连接组合框架试验研究

为研究半刚性连接组合框架在静载作用下的力学性能,进行了竖向荷载下两榀足尺的两层两跨半刚性连接组合框架试验。组合框架由H型钢柱和压型钢板混凝土组合梁组成,钢节点由焊接到钢梁端部的平端板通过螺栓与钢柱翼缘连接。为了解半刚性连接组合框架的结构性能和破坏特征,考察不同荷载水平作用下半刚性连接和楼板的组合效应对钢框架结构整体性能的影响,重点分析框架整体性能、节点性能和梁性能。试验表明:平端板型组合节点为半刚性连接、部分强度节点,具有较高的强度和刚度,其极限转角可满足不小于30mrad的延性设计要求;半刚性连接和楼板的组合效应对钢框架的强度、刚度和延性有较大影响,设计时应加以考虑。试验结果可为今后半刚性连接组合框架理论研究和工程实际应用提供参考。     

Self-centering MRFs with bottom flange friction devices under earthquake loading

A bottom flange friction device (BFFD) has been developed as an energy dissipation device for self-centering post-tensioned steel beam-to-column connections for moment-resisting frames (MRFs). The BFFD is located beneath the beam to avoid interference with a floor slab. Since the BFFD is attached to only one flange, a connection with a BFFD has an asymmetric behavior with different positive and negative moment capacities. To investigate the behavior of a self-centering MRF with BFFDs, static and dynamic analyses were performed, and the results were compared to those of a similar frame with connections that have a symmetric behavior. It was found that the asymmetric behavior of the MRF with BFFDs leads to increased inelastic strain in the beam top flange, which may lead to beam flange buckling. These inelastic strains can be reduced by using longer top flange reinforcing plates.     

Finite element simulation of new RHS column-to-I beam connections for avoiding tensile fracture

Many beam-to-column connections, consisting of rectangular hollow section (RHS) columns and wide flange I-beam connections, sustain brittle fracture of welded connections at the beam ends during a large earthquake. These fractures most frequently occur in regions around the beam bottom flange groove welds. A series of tests was conducted on an improved RHS column-to-I beam connection. The aim of the tests was to find possible solutions for avoiding premature occurrences of brittle fracture in RHS column-to-I beam connections. Research results show that the improved connection does not fail by fracture as observed in the conventional connections and has a larger energy dissipation capacity than the conventional types. This paper describes the finite element modeling method employed to analyze the new RHS column-to-I beam connection. The ABAQUS finite element package is used to simulate the experimental behavior, and three highly detailed 3D finite element models are created. These are complex models accounting for material nonlinearity, large deformation and contact behavior. The connection models have been analyzed through the elastic and plastic ranges up to failure. Comparisons with experimental data show that the models have high levels of accuracy.     

Experimental study on steel built‐up column moment connections with top and bottom trapezoidal side plates

Built‐up and box columns are used extensively in steel structures. A kind of built‐up column is composed of two I rolled shapes separated by calculated interval and welded between two cover plates. The uncertainties due to these columns are the flexibility of the column cover plates under the transferred beam flange plate forces and the brittle behavior of the groove weld between the beam flange plate and the column cover plate. The top and bottom trapezoidal side plates are proposed to improve the behavior of these column moment connections. Using this approach, the total beam flange forces transfer to the lateral sides of the column, parallel to the beam web, by means of top and bottom side plates. An experimental test is developed to study the behavior of the proposed connection under cyclic loading. The results indicate that the proposed connection has sufficient strength and ductility to apply in special moment frames. Also, the rehabilitated connection eliminates the vulnerabilities of deformation of the column cover plate and brittle fracture of groove welds in conventional connections. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.