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针对某高层住宅,分别采用不同方法计算热负荷,分析了冷风渗透耗热量对高层住宅热负荷的影响,指出采用换气次数法计算的高层住宅热负荷偏大,采用考虑热压和风压的缝隙长度法计算的结果比较合理。 相似文献
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万建武 《建筑热能通风空调》1988,(4)
高层建筑的冷风渗透耗热量在采暖负荷中占有相当大的比例。本文在用电算方法对高层建筑渗风规律性进行模拟分析的基础上,提出了高层办公楼建筑冷风渗透量的计算方法。供工程设计参考。 相似文献
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在冬季,由于加热渗透冷风的耗热量,对一般建筑物来说约占总热负荷的20%左右,所以它在采暖总热负荷计算中占相当重要的地位。影响冷风渗透量计算的因素很多:一般是与室外风向,风速,门窗的严密程度,缝隙大小,外墙、楼板及内隔墙等的 相似文献
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本文以辐射地板采暖房间为研究对象,通过离散坐标辐射模型,根据某市采暖室外气象参数确定边界条件,模拟分析了窗缝冷风渗透对室内速度场和温度场的影响。结果表明,对于典型的窗体结构,在设定的条件下,冷风渗透使活动区的空气温度降低1.5℃;房间近地面区及近窗侧有吹风感。对外窗气密性能差的房间,冷风渗透不能忽略,但通过对窗缝进行处理,可有效减少冷风渗透对房间热环境的影响。 相似文献
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通过对住宅电气负荷年最大负荷时段负荷组成的分解,并根据组成部分负荷运行特性进行分类负荷计算,探讨分析符合区域项目特性的需要系数取值。以北京地区典型住宅户型为例,根据住宅负荷分类计算原则分别对空调、热水、日常家电、餐厨负荷进行计算、比较、分析,以期使住宅电气负荷计算更加合理。 相似文献
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为了掌握拉萨市住宅用能现状并制定有针对性节能措施,时拉萨市住宅运行能耗进行了现场调研和问卷统计,分别得出多层集合住宅与低层独栋住宅单位面积年运行能耗.并针对多层集合住宅这种拉萨市主要住宅类型,以能耗模拟为手段,建立不同标准下的能耗模型.通过分析不同模型下采暖需热量差异原因,既而得出减少拉萨市居住建筑需热量最有效的措施分别是增大南向太阳得热,减小冷风渗透量以及减小国护结构传热系数. 相似文献
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Residential energy consumption can be decreased if air infiltration is reduced by constructing houses more tightly. In some cases, however, reduced air infiltration can lead to problems with indoor air quality (e.g., excess humidity and high levels of indoor-generated air contaminants). One solution to this problem is to install a residential air-to-air heat exchanger. The heat exchanger provides a controlled supply of ventilation which counteracts the adverse effects of reduced infiltration. In addition, the heat exchanger recovers much of the energy that would normally be lost when ventilation occurs by air infiltration. Thus, by employing heat exchangers in low-infiltration houses, it is possible to save energy without sacrificing indoor air quality.This paper discusses the performance of residential heat exchangers and summarizes results from tests of several models. It also compares the energy consumed, during the heating season, in low-infiltration houses with heat exchangers, with the energy consumed in typical houses in four cities throughout the United States. For each city, a cost-benefit analysis is performed from the point of view of a home-owner. Houses with natural gas, oil, and electrical heating systems are considered. Our analysis indicates that the energy required to heat ventilation air in homes employing heat exchangers is 5.3 – 18.0 GJ less than the energy required to heat ventilation air in typical homes. In homes with heat exchangers, the heat exchanger's fan system required 2.2 – 3.6 GJ of electrical energy during the heating season. The net present benefit for homes employing heat exchangers, when compared with typical homes, ranged from —$1350 to +$2400 and discounted payback periods ranged from five to over 30 years. The cost-effectiveness of employing heat exchangers was found to be highly affected by climate, type of heating fuel, heat exchanger performance, and ventilation rate. 相似文献
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文章选择了合肥地区一典型住宅。对其进行了动态负荷计算。对几种常用的住宅空调方案.采用综合能源价格法进行经济性比较。得出各种空调方案的综合热价和价格比。为合肥地区住宅空调方案的选择提供了参考。 相似文献
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民用建筑空调负荷计算中应考虑的几个问题 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
分析了民用建筑舒适性空调负荷计算中表面传热系数、内围护结构负荷、渗透风负荷、设备负荷、蓄热负荷的确定等问题.参考国内外资料,整理出了一些简单实用的计算方法. 相似文献
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针对寒冷B区的5个典型城市,研究分析了气象文件、系统性热桥、高性能窗等对建筑能耗的影响。提出对气象文件中的温度、太阳辐射分析,可以确定供暖空调起始日期及对建筑能耗影响的比例。利用模拟计算的方法,外墙外保温的单个锚栓对系统传热系数增加值为小于等于0.002 W/(m^2·K)。对高性能窗的性能进行研究,得出窗户的气密性及玻璃层数的配置,直接影响建筑能耗趋势,且采用活动外遮阳的总能耗比固定遮阳的降低9%左右。 相似文献
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A system of algorithms is developed for calculation of the frequency- and time-domain responses of the heat transfer equations for a dwelling. Conduction through the walls, considered as multi-layered slabs, as well as convection to the inside air, infiltration, solar radiation deposition in the space, and radiative interaction between the walls is included in the calculation. The first part of this system of algorithms provides a means whereby a set of frequency responses of the dwelling as a whole may be calculated, one frequency response for each input-output pair, considering internal temperature or heat flow as the output, and the sol-air temperatures on each surface, infiltration, and the solar heat gain to the interior as inputs. The second part of the system of algorithms is then used to obtain from these frequency responses sets of digital transfer function coefficients of the type presented in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, but relating the total dwelling heat gain, rather than that for a single wall, with specified internal temperatures, or internal temperature with specified heat gains, to the sol-air temperatures on each surface, infiltration, and solar heat deposited in the interior. The method is shown to produce rapidly calculatable, accurate results in the time-domain. Further the plots of the frequency responses themselves are expected to prove useful in seeking optimal thermal designs. 相似文献
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以厦门农村住宅为调查研究的对象,采取实地调研和计算机模拟相结合的方法,根据农宅住户实际用电特征将厦门农村住宅分为6种基本类型,从中归纳出3种不同的空间原型作为计算机模拟的模型,通过De ST-h模拟软件进行能耗模拟,得出典型农村住宅基本能耗,分析其建筑能耗的特点。结果表明,农宅的用能方式导致不同的建筑形态其能耗也不同,通过典型气象年的运算发现,空调冷负荷在建筑总能耗中占比最大,3种计算模式的空调开启时间和运行时间均不同,3种计算模型的空调能耗占比分别是81.5%、84.6%、96.8%。 相似文献
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住宅建筑的采暖空调能耗受室内居住人员行为方式的影响,在调查研究基础上,确定了两种反映室内居住人员行为方式的计算模式。在两种不同计算模式下,利用建筑热环境模拟工具DeST对上海地区同一住宅建筑能耗进行模拟,并将模拟结果与调研结果进行比较,分析计算模式对上海地区住宅建筑采暖空调能耗大小的影响,从而获得能正确反映上海地区住宅建筑采暖空调能耗大小的模拟计算方法。此方法可用于上海地区住宅建筑采暖空调的能耗分析与评价,并正确指导住宅建筑的节能设计。 相似文献