建议出台建设工程重大危险源辨识标准

列举国内部分省市建设工程重大危险源管理规定,以及福建省地方标准和电力行业相关标准的发布情况,从GB 18218—2000《重大危险源辨识》(已废止)标准名称让位给出建设工程行业重大危险源国家标准出台条件谈起,指出业界存在的建设工程重大危险源定义不够规范、分类不够统一,辨识方式和程序不够科学等问题,建议出台建设工程重大危险源辨识标准。     

建筑工程施工危险源辨识 评价与控制

本文简介了工程安全、危险源以及重大危险源的含义与范畴,阐述了危险源辨识、评价和控制的方法,以钢筋作业过程中危险源辨识、评价与控制为例,为建筑施工全过程中危险源辨识、评价和控制提供了思路,具有参考性意义。     

石油化工工程建设项目危险源辨识及控制管理

简要介绍了石油化工工程建设项目施工特点及危险源辨识要求,论述了项目施工作业中危险源的主要存在形式与有效的控制管理手段。以施工过程中容器设备组装、钢结构、电气、工艺管道安装工程等危险源的控制措施实例,说明在施工过程中须严格贯彻执行工程建设项目施工中危险源辨识及控制管理,有效遏制各类事故的发生,为工程建设项目正常施工创造良好的安全环境,以满足企业长足发展需求。     

建设工程施工过程中常见的危险源与评估防御以及安全策略

在建设工程施工过程中,影响施工安全的不确定因素非常多,风险也越来越大,一些危险源直接影响着人们生命财产安全和建筑行业的健康、稳定发展,因此,对建设工程施工现场重大危险源进行辨识、评估和确定对建设工程来说具有非常重要的意义。本文提出了建设工程施工过程中重大危险源的辨识和类别,介绍了危险源的风险评估方法,并对危险源的防控措施做了探讨,以期为相关施工单位提供参考。     

铁路工程施工危险源辨识的研究

本文通过现在铁路施工过程中危险源辨识现状和意义分析了铁路施工危险源辨识的必要性,并就加强危险源辨识的方法提出几点建议。     

建筑工程质量检测领域危险源辨识、评价及控制方法初探

随着我国建筑行业的迅速发展,生产安全事故时有发生,开展建筑工程质量检测是预估发生生产安全事故的重要手段。本文结合建筑检测各业务的危险源全过程安全管理工作实践,在总结建筑检测业务安全生产特点的基础上,阐述了建筑检测业务危险源辨识、评价及控制的工作方法和步骤,探讨了检测业务危险源辨识方法的适用性、危险源评价的依据及危险源控制的基本原则与途径,有利于将危险源识别、评价及控制运用到建筑检测业务日常安全管理中,提高安全生产管理水平。     

水运工程施工危险源辩识研究分析

新形势下,国内水运行业及工程建设都得到了飞速发展。尤其是“十一五”后,国家将发展水运行业作为重要工作目标,于此同时,水运工程施工危险源辨识工作也越来越重要,本文从水运工程施工特点入手,分析了水运工程施工危险源辨识的概念、依据及发展概况,最后阐述了辨识危险源的具体途径及方法。     

施工危险源辨识结果库知识的获取研究

危险源辨识结果库是建筑公司建立标准化安全管理体系的重要组成部分，用来在施工方案设计时进行危险源辨识，作为标准化安全管理的依据。在危险源辨识结果库中，知识的获取是重点和难点，文中着重论述了危险源辨识结果库知识的获取方法与实现，力图使该系统的知识库具有较好的扩展性和合理性。     

基于建筑施工过程中的危险源安全管理分析

为了进一步改进建筑施工中危险源的安全管理,文中首先从危险源辨识的方法、过程以及常见危险源等角度进行了探讨建筑施工危险源辨识,接着进行了危险源管理核心的系统构建和安全管理系统运转模式的设计分析,这一研究对于提高建筑业的安全管理水平具有一定的意义。     

城市燃气管网安全分析体系

总结了国内外城市燃气管网危险源辨识方法及风险评价方法,提出采用概率风险分析法进行城市燃气管网危险源辨识的城市燃气管网安全分析体系。     

Perchlorate in raw and drinking water sources in England and Wales

A well‐known use of perchlorate is as a rocket fuel propellant; however, more widespread uses include in munitions and fireworks, and it also occurs naturally. Perchlorate suppresses the thyroid, which can lead to a variety of adverse effects. It is a widespread contaminant in the United States, but limited occurrence data in the United Kingdom exist, and even less for drinking water. Monitoring of 20 raw and treated drinking water sites in England and Wales, covering four seasonal periods, showed that perchlorate is a low‐level background contaminant of raw and treated drinking water. Low concentrations (treated drinking water: <0.020–2.073 μg/L, mean 0.747 μg/L) were detected at every higher‐risk site. The concentrations were comparable in each of the four sampling exercises and no significant trends were apparent relating to the time of year, the type of risk or the method of chlorination. Limited data showed that removal by ion exchange and granular‐activated carbon may occur.     

Lead and cadmium contents in cereals and pulses in north-eastern China

It is known that, unlike Japanese, Koreans or southern Chinese who depend on rice as a major source of energy for daily life, people in north-eastern China rely not only on rice, but on wheat and other cereals and to a lesser extent also on pulses. Cereal and pulse samples were collected from open markets in north-eastern China, and analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) for two potentially hazardous heavy metals — lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The average Pb level in cereals (31.3 ng Pb/g as a geometric mean) and that of pulses (25.7 ng Pb/g) were similar to each other with no significant difference. Among the cereals, Pb contents were higher in foxtail millet (54.3 ng/g) and lower in maize (35.4 ng Pb/g; grain and flour in combination), wheat flour (28.8 ng Pb/g) and rice flour (22.7 ng Pb/g). Lead levels in two important types of pulses, kidney bean and soybean (24.6 and 30.8 ng Pb/g, respectively), were comparable to the levels in rice and wheat. In contrast, Cd levels were substantially higher in pulses (55.7 ng Cd/g) than in cereals (9.2 ng Cd/g), and among the pulses, Cd in soybean (55.7 ng Cd/g) was significantly higher than that in kidney bean (23.8 ng Cd/g). The possible public health implication of the Pb and Cd levels, especially the high Pb level in foxtail millet (54.3 ng Pb/g) and the high Cd level in soybean (73.5 ng Cd/g), is discussed.     

Iodine-129 in thyroid and urine in Ukraine and Denmark

Human thyroids collected from Gomel in Belarus, sheep thyroid from Jutland and human urine from Zealand in Denmark were analysed for 129I and 127I concentrations. The ratios of 129I/127I in human thyroid in Gomel are 2.65-11.0 x 10(-9) with an average of 7.21 x 10(-9), which is one order of magnitude higher than those from Asia and South America (10(-10)), but significantly lower than those observed in west Europe (10(-8)). A weak negative correlation (P < 0.05) between 129I/127I ratio in human thyroid and the age of the subjects was observed in Gomel. The average ratio of 129I/127I in sheep thyroids from Jutland of Denmark is 1.81 x 10(-7), which is two orders of magnitude higher than those in south hemisphere, and Asia. It is also significantly higher than those observed in other west European countries before 1984 and that in human thyroid in Gomel. The high thyroid 129I level in Jutland is attributed to the release of reprocessing plants in France and UK. The 129I/127I ratios in human urine in Zealand of Denmark are 0.86-2.86 x 10(-8). The possibility of using urine 129I to evaluate the thyroid exposure to 129I is investigated.     

Vanadium in foods and in human body fluids and tissues

Using neutron activation analysis, vanadium was analysed in a range of foods, human body fluids and tissues. On the basis of these results and those of other workers, it was concluded that daily dietary intake amounts to some tens of micrograms. Analysis of body fluids (including milk, blood and excreta) and organs and tissues provided an estimate for the total body pool of vanadium in man of about 100 μg. Vanadium was not detectable in blood and urine at the level of 0.3 ng/g, while low levels were found in muscle, fat, bone, teeth and other tissues. The relationship between dietary intake to pulmonary absorption is discussed in relation to the occurrence of vanadium in man-made air particulates. The very low levels found in milks and eggs suggest minimal vanadium requirements in growth. The findings are discussed in the light of previous results and also in relation to the possible essentiality of vanadium.     

广义文脉与规划设计教育

城市规划设计教育不仅应关注历史化,还应关注自然、社会和经济;不仅应关注地方和传统,还应关注全球和未来。城市规划教育应掌握正确的发展观和方法论,肩负起发展地万脉的历史使命,保护社会公众的利益,推动城市持续发展。     

武汉城市景观文化生态保护建设的问题与对策

城市文化生态是形成城市特色的文化要素。历史古迹,优秀建筑,空间形态,环境特色,作为城市文化生态的显现部分,既是城市文化底蕴直观生动的反映,也是市民的情感港湾和精神家园。理应得到珍惜和保护。该文在系统地概括武汉景观文化生态特点的基础上,重点分析了当前武汉城市景观规划建设中的文化生态问题,提出了武汉今后改进城市景观文化生态规划建设的对策建议。     

重庆市混凝土技术与工程发展存在的主要问题及对策

本文论述了混凝土材料在工程建设中的地位及混凝土技术的发展趋势,分析了重庆市混凝土技术与工程发展存在的主要问题并提出了相关建议。     

工程管理BIM 教育课程建设与融合分析

为满足建筑行业BIM 人才培养需求,工程管理BIM 教育培养实践将呈现多元化多层次的发展趋势。基于2013 版《高等学校工程管理本科指导性专业规范》,建筑行业未来发展BIM 需求和国际标杆院校BIM 课程建设经验,提出依托工程管理人才培养的五大知识领域,构建工程管理BIM 交叉知识单元和知识点,解答了国内工程管理BIM 教育应该如何搭建培养层次、课程发展方向、课程学习目标和课程融合等问题。     

民用工程厨卫渗漏与防治

针对民用工程中渗漏这一质量通病,从原材料、施工工艺、成品保护等方面分析了厨房、卫生间渗漏的原因,介绍了相应的防治措施,经过实践应用,效果明显,保证了用户的使用安全。