云南省宁洱县“6.03”地震框架结构震害调查

通过对云南宁洱6.4级地震房屋调查．介绍了钢筋混凝土框架结构的震害情况．研究了该类房屋的震害特征．对震害原因作了初步分析,总结了防御和减轻震害的经验和教训。     

企业供水管网震害预测

根据历史震害资料，分析了供水管道震害特点，给出了供水管网的震害划分标准和震害预测模型，并应用于实际企业供水网络的震害分析。     

工业城市抗震防灾的决策支持系统

本文讨论了我国工业基地的震害特点和目前震害预测方法中的缺点;指出了提高抗震防灾规划和震后应急对策预案质量的关键是高质量的震害预测;论证了工业区震害模拟系统和地震救灾指挥决策支持系统的必要性和可能性。     

隧道震害特征及其影响因素

结合隧道震害实例,对隧道震害进行了分析研究,总结了隧道震害特征,探讨了隧道震害的作用机理及其影响因素,以期对隧道的抗震设计提供科学依据和有益的参考。     

大坝强震震害特征分析

本文简述了国内外土石坝和混凝土坝几次比较严重的震害:给出每次震害相应的烈度和地震动加速度,分析其破坏机理和震害原因。本文的工作为震害分析和工程抗震加固提供科学依据,对减轻震害和防止次生水灾的发生具有重要意义。     

浅析汶川地震中教学楼建筑震害原因

通过整理汶川地震震害资料,对汶川地震中教学楼建筑的震害进行了归纳,探讨了不同结构形式教学楼建筑震害的原因,并通过震害案例分析得到一些关于抗震设计的经验和教训。     

城市常见结构类型震害分析

简单阐述了城市常见结构类型震害,分析了不同的结构形式在地震作用下的震害现象和原因,最后总结了控制各种震害的方法和措施,以确保各类建筑结构安全。     

基于IDA的典型框架结构群体震害矩阵研究

通过研究典型框架结构建筑群体震害矩阵,形成了初步适用于群体震害预测的方法,然后通过结构分析软件SAP2000在增量动力分析(IDA)方法的基础上对各个框架结构进行了分析,最终得到了各个框架结构在地震作用下的易损性曲线和震害矩阵,并且分析了抗震设防烈度和层数对结构震害矩阵的影响,计算结果可满足城市群体建筑物震害预测的需求。     

江西九江地震房屋震害分析

本文根据地震现场考察,介绍了江西九江5.7级地震造成砌体结构和钢筋混凝土框架结构房屋的震害情况,研究了房屋的震害特征,对房屋破坏原因作了初步分析,总结了防御和减轻震害的经验和教训。     

汶川地震中底框和框架结构的震害分析

通过对西南地区底框和框架结构在汶川地震后的震害调研,收集了大量建筑结构震害资料,对底框砖混结构、钢筋混凝土框架结构两类结构的震害特征进行了统计,分析了建筑结构震害机理,以及初步探讨了地震区建筑结构选型和抗震措施问题,从而优化建筑结构抗震设计。     

The Reflection of Medusa: A Review of The City of Imagination

The lately published The City of Imagination by Valerio Morabito challenges the pictorial idea of landscape interpretation and explores the possibilities of storytelling to read and represent the landscape that focuses on the literary and communicative aptitudes of Landscape Architecture. The article reviews the book from the perspective of history, epistemology, method, and reception regarding its literary root, which is notably inspired by Italo Calvino. The review consists of four sections: First, word and image: the historical exemplars of landscape representation between pictorial and verbal tradition. Second, memory and foresight: the authenticity of travelogue and Morabito’s method of working with his travel memories. Third, truth and myth: how Morabito applies the cognitive imperfection in storytelling to his empirical approach that counterbalances the positivist reading of the landscape. And fourth, form and language: the tension between the formal autonomy and the bardic tradition in the visual language of Morabito. The article approaches and further opens the essential dialogues between the palpable existence and fictive landscape, the interpretation and consumption of the thick meanings in human inhabitation, and the cognitive antinomy and reconciliation of positivist and humanistic stances in the discipline.     

Landscape Dynamics and the Management of Change

Change in economy and society is directly reflected in the character of landscapes, both in terms of their form and function and the landscape planning and management challenges which they present. The phenomenon of landscape dynamics within post-industrial society is considered and the development of a connection between the drivers of landscape change and the management response is sought. Two key drivers of landscape change are proposed - 'obsolescence' and 'dysfunction' - and these in turn are related to a management matrix bounded by axes of condition and character of landscape. It is suggested that the definition of these relationships helps to substantiate and more clearly define the tasks of landscape planning, design and management in the United Kingdom.     

公园绿地绩效的概念内涵及评测方法体系研究

绩效衡量评测能为公园绿地布局优化、功能完善和服务提升提供直接依据。但由于影响公园绿地绩效的因素众多且作用方式各异,在界定、衡量和评价上均有一定复杂性。本文首先结合不同视角和标准,将公园绿地绩效分解为核心绩效与延展绩效、功能运行绩效与空间结构绩效、系统绩效与单体绩效等概念展开内涵及应用特征梳理;其次以处于核心地位的游憩服务绩效为主体对公园绿地功能运行绩效与空间结构绩效的评测方法展开辨析;最后根据各个绩效评测方法的利弊特点对不同方法的组合应用模式以及精度校验途径提出建议。     

Q420qD钢材应力腐蚀特征试验研究

为研究Q420qD钢材应力腐蚀特征,对应力水平为0.3倍屈服应力和无应力工况下共60个试件在相同腐蚀环境中进行通电加速腐蚀试验,建立了有应力和无应力腐蚀试件的腐蚀速率模型并进行对比。对部分腐蚀试件表面进行三维形貌扫描,研究了有应力和无应力试件的形貌发展规律、蚀坑深度分布规律以及蚀坑形态与径深比规律。利用差分盒维数计算腐蚀表面分形维数,对比了有应力和无应力试件分形维数随质量损失率和腐蚀时间的变化规律。结果表明:当试件应力为0.3倍屈服应力时,有应力和无应力试件腐蚀速率均表现为先快后慢,在目标腐蚀率小于18%时,有应力和无应力试件腐蚀速率近似为常数,且有应力试件的腐蚀速率近似为无应力试件的1.15倍; 有应力试件腐蚀形貌发展快于无应力试件,且最终腐蚀形态都以均匀腐蚀为主; 有应力和无应力试件表面分形维数变化规律相似,均在腐蚀初期迅速增大,之后出现减小—增大—减小的周期性上下波动现象; 有应力试件分形维数在腐蚀初期发展速率高于无应力试件,且有应力试件的分形维数普遍大于无应力试件; 蚀坑形态以球冠状为主,有应力和无应力试件单个蚀坑深度分布均能较好地服从正态分布规律; 蚀坑径深比变化范围稳定于2～6,平均值在4附近波动。     

身体经验与时空想象—— 基于场地、场景、场域的景观建构原型研究

Contemporary landscape is an important medium that resists the environmental homogeneity and diversifies the cultural imagery. The neglect of physical experience would intensify the perception contradiction and separation between people and the site. This paper proposes to use the prototype of the interactions between the body, time, and space to build an abstract discourse to study the design dimensions of site, sight, and insight based on different elements—the three dimensions are represented as perception, conception, and live. It then focuses on how to employ design methods (including the arrangement of spatial sequence and direction, the design of thresholds in the space, the creation of texts and syntaxes, and the stimulation of events and social imagery) to form the push-pull movement in the material space, the abschattung and gestalt of ideographic texts in the meaning space, and the apperception of the social field, so as to enhance people’s perception of the landscape. This paper studies physical experience and spacetime imagery to extract and deduce the thinking of landscape design within varied dimensions, and argues that a profound and intimate relationship between man and the site can be established by organizing different elements under the ternary system of site, sight, and insight.     

ÖBB Steyrtalbrücke – Belastungsprobe und Langzeitmessungen

ÖBB Steyrtalbridge – Load test and long term measurements At km 65,621 of the railroad track between Linz and Selzthal the Steyrtalbridge was rebuilt in the years 2013 and 2014. The essential design criterion from the client ÖBB Infrastruktur AG was the endeavor of an optimized bridge under consideration of life‐cylce‐cost, which among other things despite a bridge length of 182 m can be designed without high‐maintenance breather switches. Based on the current standards and certain design flexibilities, which are allowed in the codes special ways and techniques were used to calculate the rail tension. With this results of the rail‐structure‐interaction it was possible to design without breather switches. As consequence of the assumptions in the planning process it was necessary to make comprehensive measurements which shall give information of the real behavior of the bridge and compare them with the assumptions and results of the static calculation. Therefor static and dynamic load test were performed before opening to regular traffic. In addition long term measurements were carried out to evaluate the load‐bearing behavior over time and to confirm the calculation approaches for the verification of the rail‐structure‐interaction. In this article the planning of the monitoringsystem, the implementation and results of the load test and the following long term measurements are illustrated.     

景观延续与重塑的人文之道——记安亭中学绿化环境改造更新

校园作为城市公共设施体系中的重要组成部分,对人们的社会生活和精神文明起着重要的影响、教育、服务作用。结合安亭中学的景观改造工程实例,从校园的区位环境因素、历史文化积淀、园内景观现状等方面,分析了改造的必要性,改造工作的原则及人文理念的改造方法,重点阐释了对原有历史和景观的发现、挖掘、保护、改造和再利用。通过简洁、现代的手法,把新景观融入校园的建筑环境、历史环境和人文环境之中,重建具有视觉、生态和文化三重效益的校园景观,把校园环境变成凝固的诗、流动的画、无言的歌,从而达到"润物细无声"的效果。     

基于HSS模型隧道近接群桩基础施工影响分析

依托盾构隧道近接侧穿群桩工程建立三维数值分析模型,土体采用小应变硬化(HSS)模型,参数取值借鉴已有研究成果并根据监测位移数据反演,同时考虑土体开挖、衬砌拼装以及盾尾同步注浆等一系列施工工艺措施,并将模拟结果与监测数据进行对比验证,研究了不同工况下地表沉降的形态分布、群桩桩基变形及基桩结构受力,同时考虑地表位移对等代层厚度的敏感性。结果表明:HSS模型能有效预测隧道近接侧穿高架桥桩引起的变形,模拟结果与监测值较吻合; 隧道开挖引起土相对桩产生了滑移,地表沉降及桩身竖向位移在中心线前后各1D(D为管片外径)范围内随推进步数的增加而不断增大,且增加幅度明显减小; 两线推进地表沉降具有叠加效应,最大沉降量增幅达76.8%; 隧道与基桩水平距离越近,引起基桩沉降变化越大,两线推进基桩桩顶沉降增幅达134%; 群桩中各排桩的水平位移变化趋势基本相同,且同排桩的水平位移值相差不大,由于群桩遮挡效应,水平位移值由大到小依次为前排桩、中排桩、后排桩; 桩身水平位移主要在盾构中轴线2.5D范围内,桩身最大水平位移均出现在隧道中轴线附近; 群桩中同排桩桩身附加弯矩及附加轴力沿桩身分布规律相同,桩身最终附加受力与其距离隧道远近有关; 随着注浆充率β的增大,等代层厚度及地表沉降呈线性减小; 穿越段采取的施工工艺方案是有效的,经估算附加弯矩及轴力对桩基承载力的影响在容许范围内。     

庐山近代建筑保护和再利用的一种尝试--庐山别墅公园规划构思

庐山东谷山明水秀,风景优美,汇集着18个国家的400余幢别墅.19世纪末20世纪初按规划建成的牯岭,有中央公园,有别墅和庭园,人与自然和谐交融,是庐山文化景观的主要内容."庐山别墅公园"的规划方案构思,是对保护与利用相结合的一种设想,对一种以别墅文化为依托的可持续发展模式的探索,期望让庐山别墅园林重现昔日风貌,获得新的生命力.     

Museumsinsel Berlin – Geotechnische Untersuchungen für die Grundinstandsetzung und Ergänzung des Pergamonmuseums

Museum Island in Berlin – Geotechnical investigations for the overhauling and completion of the Pergamon Museum. Overhauling the Pergamon Museum on the Museum Island in Berlin is a particularly complex task concerning geotechnics. On the one hand the substratum and ground water conditions in the area concerned are very inhomogeneous and on the other hand the Pergamon Museum and its neighbouring museums are especially valuable buildings worthy of protection. The initial target of the geotechnical investigation programme was to further safeguard the substratum and ground water conditions. Here systematic investigation of the substratum was carried out based on old historical drillings in order to enable the use of innovative special civil and underground engineering procedures. Furthermore it was necessary to investigate the foundation situation of the existing buildings. The planning objective is the technical and cost‐effectively optimized choice of the required geotechnical measures for the intended overhaul and refurbishment of the Pergamon Museum.