某工业厂房循环冷却水系统应急方案设计

结合工程实例,对循环冷却水系统应急工艺流程进行了介绍,针对应急冷却水方案设计的系统反应灵敏、自动化程度高、对工艺设备保障性高等特点,深入探讨了其方案设计的最优措施,以保证循环冷却水的可靠供应。     

石灰法投药量对循环冷却水水质的影响

介绍了将高碑店污水厂的二沉池出水经过石灰法处理后用作华能北京热电厂循环冷却水的试验情况，分析了不同石灰投量对冷却水主要水质参数的影响。试验结果表明，经过石灰法处理的二沉池出水可以满足热电厂循环冷却水的水质要求。     

电厂循环冷却水处理及其节水效果分析

随着社会的不断进步,国家对电厂循环冷却水处理以及节水的要求是越来越高,使得电厂不得不加大对循环冷却水进行处理工作的力度.于是,在这种情况之下,如何对循环冷却水进行有效的处理,如何让循环冷却水处理措施发挥出最大的节水效果,成为了我国各大电厂的首要任务.     

煤化工循环水阻垢缓蚀剂（JC-800）的制备及应用

针对西北地区煤化工企业高碱度、高硬度、高pH循环冷却水的水质特点,以锌盐、2-膦酸丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸、苯并三氮唑、马来酸-丙烯酸共聚物等为原料,制备出适用于西北地区煤化工企业循环冷却水的阻垢缓蚀剂（JC-800）,并通过静态阻垢试验、旋转挂片腐蚀试验和现场应用试验对其进行评价。同时,在不同水质条件下,确定达到最佳缓蚀效果时的药剂投加量。测试期间系统运行情况良好,循环水管道运行正常。该阻垢缓蚀剂各项指标满足国标和行业标准,综合性能优于现有阻垢剂,具有广阔的应用前景。     

试验站工业循环冷却水系统设计方案探讨

工业循环冷却水对水温、水质的控制难度较大,以具体工程为例,指出该试验间内设计有循环冷却水系统,并对该系统进行详细的设计探讨,从而为今后开展工作提供借鉴。     

城市污水用作工业冷却水的试验

本文简述了城市污水经二、三级处理,用作工业冷却水的试验概况。 试验结果表明:从城市污水二级或三级处理出水的物理、化学指标分析,这两种水都能满足工业直流冷却或循环冷却水的水质要求,但从结垢厚度、极限污垢系数、菌类指标等分析,二级处理水不宜作为直流或循环冷却水使用。     

再生水水质对冷却水系统腐蚀的影响研究

将城市污水再生处理后回用于工业循环冷却水系统是解决我国水资源短缺的有效途径之一.通过单因素试验和正交试验考察了再生水水质对循环冷却水系统的影响.结果表明,Cl-、NH4+和SO2-4是影响腐蚀速率的三个最重要的因素,NO2-和PO3-4对腐蚀的抑制作用较为明显,而Ca2+和HCO3-在低浓度时也表现出一定的缓蚀特征.     

电厂循环水处理药剂的应用

电厂循环冷却水处理过程中主要存在着结垢与腐蚀两大问题,而这些问题在高碱、高硬、高浓缩倍数下运行时则更为突出。通过现场监测试验与三年来的现场应用实践证明,该药剂完全可以满足现场运行的要求。     

水泥厂循环冷却水回水管设计优化

在工业生产中,冷却水系统分为直流冷却水系统和循环冷却水系统。循环冷却水系统分为密闭式循环水系统和敞开式循环冷却水系统。敞开式循环冷却水系统是水泥工厂中应用最普遍的一种水冷却系统．在敞开式循环冷却水系统中．一方面循环水带走热交换设备所散发的热量：另一方面升温后的循环水通过构筑物与空气直接接触得以冷却,然后再循环使用。循环冷却水系统回流方式分为压力回流、重力回流两种类型。     

循环冷却水处理存在的问题及处理措施

循环冷却水在工业生产用水中的比重越来越大,循环冷却水系统却存在着许多问题,诸如腐蚀、结垢及微生物的滋生与粘泥等.本文通过对循环冷却水处理技术的现状分析,介绍了化学药剂处理、静电水处理、磁化处理、膜处理及臭氧处理等技术,并进一步介绍了循环冷却水水质处理的发展趋势.这对工业企业循环冷却水的处理具有一定的借鉴意义.     

Alteration of arsenopyrite in soils under different vegetation covers

The weathering of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) has been monitored in soils using an in situ experimental approach. Arsenopyrite in nylon experimental bags was placed in individual horizons in soils in spruce (litter, horizons A, B, and C), beech (litter, horizons A, B, and C) and unforested (horizons A, B, and C) areas and left in contact with the soil for a period of 1 year. The individual areas on the ridge of the Krušné hory Mts., Czech Republic, had the same lithology, climatic and environmental conditions. Scorodite (FeAsO₄·2H₂O) was identified as a principal secondary mineral of arsenic (As) formed directly on the surface of the arsenopyrite. Scorodite was formed in all the areas in all soil horizons. The amount of scorodite formed decreased in the series beech, spruce and unforested areas. In forested areas, there was a larger amount of scorodite on arsenopyrites exposed in organic horizons (litter, A horizon). The greater rate of arsenopyrite alteration in organic horizons in the beech stand compared to spruce stand is probably a result of faster mineralization of organic material with resulting production of nitrate and better seepage conditions of soil in this area. Speciation of As determined using the sequential extraction technique demonstrated that As was bonded in the soils primarily in the residual fractions prior to the experiment. The As content in the mobile fractions increased in the organic horizon in the forested areas after the experiments.     

不同介质中MOV小电流特性的对比研究

氧化锌电阻片(MOV)常用于过电压保护,其小电流特性决定了它的工频稳定性。随着电力技术的发展,MOV被应用于变压器绕组内部和超导电力系统中,MOV的工作介质为变压器油和液氮。将MOV在空气和变压器油、空气和液氮(77K)中分别进行对比试验,通过小波变换对原始数据进行去噪,利用各次谐波法提取阻性电流进行对比分析,结果显示:MOV在变压器油中的阻性电流峰值大于空气中的值,MOV在液氮中的晶界电容、阻性电流峰值均小于空气中的值。表明MOV的小电流特性在空气中优于变压器油中,在液氮温区优于常温下。     

Cell phones for the spirits: ancestor worship and ritual economies in vietnam and its diasporas

Religion has been thriving in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam since ??i m?i, the onset of market reforms in the late 1980s. Votive paper offerings, part of spiritual and economic well-being, play a crucial role in performing religious practices in the socialist country as well as among diasporic Vietnamese. In urban Hanoi, material objects made from paper are traded in marketplaces and later burned in the streets, in temples and pagodas, in private yards and other places on special occasions in order to be transmitted to the ancestors. In the past few years, the range of votive paper offerings produced, traded, and sent to the deceased has expanded to include new forms and references to new media. Drawing on recent debates in the role of media in religion and in particular on technologies of mediation, I focus on the use of votive paper offerings in the sociocultural context of the Vietnamese spirit world. I explore how new media and media technologies are embedded in multilayered processes of mediation in Vietnam and its diasporas. Taking religious practices of burning votive paper offerings as an ethnographic example, this essay aims to contribute to ongoing debates on popular religion and the sacred life of material goods in late socialist Vietnam, on its transnational ties, and on the entanglements between religion, media and materiality.     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil and vegetables from Tianjin

Several types of vegetables were collected from two contaminated sites in Tianjin, China. The bulk soil and the rhizosphere soil samples were also collected from the same plots. Sixteen PAHs in the samples were measured. The total concentrations of PAH16 in the bulk soil from the two sites were 1.08 and 6.25 microg/g, respectively, with similar pattern. The concentrations of PAH16 and individual compounds in the rhizosphere were significantly higher than those in the bulk soil with mean values of 2.25 and 7.82 microg/g for the two sites, respectively. The contents of both total and dissolved organic matter in the rhizosphere were also higher than those in the bulk soil. Almost all PAH compounds studied were detected in both roots and aerial parts of the vegetables studied. Abundance of higher molecular weight PAHs in vegetable, however, was lower than that in soil. Concentrations of PAH16 in vegetable were higher than those reported in the literature for other areas. It appears that agricultural soils and vegetables in Tianjin, especially those from the site located immediately next to an urban district and irrigated with wastewater for several decades, are severely contaminated by PAHs. Among the eight types of vegetable studied, the highest concentration of PAHs was found in cauliflower. By average, the concentration of PAH16 in the aerial part of vegetables was 6.5 times higher as that in vegetable root, suggesting that foliar uptake is the primary transfer pathway of PAHs from environment to vegetables.     

Trace metal behaviour in estuarine and riverine floodplain soils and sediments: a review

This paper reviews the factors affecting trace metal behaviour in estuarine and riverine floodplain soils and sediments. Spatial occurrence of processes affecting metal mobility and availability in floodplains are largely determined by the topography. At the oxic-anoxic interface and in the anoxic layers of floodplain soils, especially redox-sensitive processes occur, which mainly result in the inclusion of metals in precipitates or the dissolution of metal-containing precipitates. Kinetics of these processes are of great importance for these soils as the location of the oxic-anoxic interface is subject to change due to fluctuating water table levels. Other important processes and factors affecting metal mobility in floodplain soils are adsorption/desorption processes, salinity, the presence of organic matter, sulphur and carbonates, pH and plant growth. Many authors report highly significant correlations between cation exchange capacity, clay or organic matter contents and metal contents in floodplain soils. Iron and manganese (hydr)oxides were found to be the main carriers for Cd, Zn and Ni under oxic conditions, whereas the organic fraction was most important for Cu. The mobility and availability of metals in a floodplain soil can be significantly reduced by the formation of metal sulphide precipitates under anoxic conditions. Ascending salinity in the flood water promotes metal desorption from the floodplain soil in the absence of sulphides, hence increases total metal concentrations in the water column. The net effect of the presence of organic matter can either be a decrease or an increase in metal mobility, whereas the presence of carbonates in calcareous floodplain soils or sediments constitutes an effective buffer against a pH decrease. Moreover, carbonates may also directly precipitate metals. Plants can affect the metal mobility in floodplain soils by oxidising their rhizosphere, taking up metals, excreting exudates and stimulating the activity of microbial symbionts in the rhizosphere.     

The study of terrestrial vertebrates of the Ob River basin

The paper describes the 300-year history of studying the terrestrial vertebrates in the Ob basin and the current state of researches into amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. We examine the role of the research centres in Western Siberia in studying the terrestrial vertebrates in the Ob basin, from the steppe in the south to the tundra in the north and the uplands of the Altai, Kuznetsky Alatau and Salair. We describe the degree of exploration of the terrestrial vertebrates in 11 Russian regions located in the area. The paper includes discussions of rare species, population, spatial distribution and man’s impact on the animals. We also indicate areas where there is insufficient study.     

Antagonistic Action of Fe and Mn in Mediterranean-Type Plants Irrigated with Wastewater Effluents Following Biological Treatment

The present study examined the ability of certain Mediterranean plants to absorb Mn ++ when irrigated with wastewater effluents following treatment, the relative absorption of Fe ++ and Mn ++ , as well as the endurance of such plants to high Mn ++ concentrations in the water used for their irrigation. The experimental plants used in the study were Olea europaea , Nerium oleander and Geranium sp . These plants were irrigated with secondary treatment wastewater effluents, with water commonly used for irrigation in the area, and with water enriched with high concentrations of Mn ++ . The results showed that irrigation of the plants with wastewater treatment effluents resulted in slightly elevated concentrations of Mn ++ and Fe ++ in the leaves, the roots, and in the soil. On the contrary, irrigation with water enriched with high concentrations of Mn ++ (as high as 1000 mg/L) resulted in correspondingly high Mn ++ concentrations in the plants under study. The accumulation of Mn ++ was much higher in the roots than in the leaves of these plants. In the case of Mn ++ enriched water irrigation, the corresponding concentrations of Fe ++ in the roots, in the leaves, and in the soil indicated the existence of strong antagonism between these two elements. All plants exhibited tolerance to high concentrations of Mn ++ .     

Biosolids mineralization in an anaerobic-aerobic combined reactor system

In this paper, we describe a biosolids mineralization process that could address some concerns about biosolids management. Solids retention in a combined anaerobic/aerobic reactor system promotes biosolids mineralization. Solids retained in the reactor were subjected to both anaerobic and aerobic degradation in two different zones in the reactor. After 267 d of operation, 75% of the solids that entered the reactors were mineralized, 62% of the total nitrogen (TN) was transformed, 51% of the phosphorus in the reactors was precipitated, and 39% of the solids dissolved and appeared in the effluent. Accumulation of solids in the reactors did not have an adverse effect on reactor performance. Evidence of biosolids degradation included a decrease in the VSS/TSS ratio, an increase in temperature, loss of nitrogen, decrease in COD, and an increase in TDS.     

Queer eye on a ‘straight’ life: deconstructing masculinities in construction

The male-ness or masculine nature of the construction industry has often been blamed for the problems of equality and diversity in the sector. Yet, what constitutes masculinity in construction is rarely problematized. Conventionally, masculinity in construction tended to be associated with the subordination and harassment of minority groups (e.g. women, non-heterosexuals), and the ideals of keeping fit in order to meet the tough, physical demands of construction work. Therefore an attempt was made to expand the conceptualization of alternative masculinities in construction. By deploying queer theory, the life stories of nine non-heterosexuals working in trade and professional occupations in the construction industry were analysed to explore how a range of different masculinities played out in the social interactions in their personal and working lives. The findings suggest that conventional hegemonic masculinity, while present, is not the only form of masculinity that subordinates minority groups in construction. Rather, other non-hegemonic forms of masculinity (e.g. found in homo-social contexts) also serve to exclude both men and women. Nevertheless, examples were also identified of minorities countering such exclusionary forms of masculinity through, for instance, ‘friendship’ alliances at work, which could offer possibilities for building a more inclusive workplace in construction.