动态厌氧/两级AO型MBR/RO处理垃圾渗滤液

针对含高浓度有机物和氨氮的城市垃圾渗滤液,采用UASB/一级AO/二级AO/超滤/反渗滤(RO)工艺处理垃圾渗滤液。原水COD约10 700 mg/L,BOD5约3 650 mg/L,NH3-N约1 150 mg/L,10个月的调试与运行结果表明,该工艺对渗滤液的COD、BOD5、NH3-N的去除率分别为(89%～93.5%)、(99.3%～99.5%)、(99%～99.2%),出水COD≤100 mg/L、BOD5≤30 mg/L,NH3-N≤25 mg/L、TN≤40 mg/L,达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)中的表2标准。     

A~2/O/A~2/O/MBR工艺处理老龄垃圾渗滤液

晚期填埋场垃圾渗滤液具有COD和NH3-N浓度高、可生化性较差、有机和无机成分复杂等特点,原有渗滤液处理工艺不能使出水COD和NH3-N达标排放。采用A2/O/A2/O/MBR/NF/RO工艺对某垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工程进行改造扩建,改造后出水水质达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)。     

MBR/DTRO工艺用于中老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理

介绍了南通市垃圾填埋场渗滤液提标改造工程的设计及试运行情况,总结了MBR/DTRO工艺处理中老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液的工程设计经验,并分析了蒸发工艺处理浓缩液的利弊。结果表明,MBR/DTRO系统处理中老龄填埋场渗滤液能保证出水水质稳定且优于《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)表3标准,对水质水量的抗冲击负荷能力较强。采用DTRO膜处理MBR出水和蒸发工艺处理浓缩液使最终清液产率达到95.4%,但该法运行成本较高,经济不发达地区不宜采用。     

投粉末活性炭SBR处理垃圾渗滤液

结合小型垃圾填埋场渗滤液中有机物浓度较低的特点及简化工艺的要求,以南京市某垃圾填埋场渗滤液为试验对象,经氨吹脱后采用投粉末活性炭SBR/混凝沉淀工艺进行处理,探讨了粉末活性炭投量、泥龄等参数对处理效果的影响.结果表明,对COD、BOD5、NH3-N的总去除率分别为88.4%、93.4%、76.9%,出水水质达到了<生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准>(GB16889-1997)的Ⅱ级标准.     

MBR在蓬莱市生活垃圾渗滤液处理工程中的应用

结合蓬莱市生活垃圾处理场工程实例,介绍了MBR工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的工艺流程、原理等,分析了MBR工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的特点和优势。垃圾渗滤液经过MBR工艺处理,生化部分采用硝化/反硝化工艺,再经超滤/纳滤工艺等膜分离技术和其他方法处理,最终流出液水质可以达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)。     

垃圾渗滤液处理工艺的试验研究

针对现有垃圾渗滤液处理工艺存在的问题,结合我国北方城市垃圾渗滤液的特征,试验采用混凝气浮、生化、吸附处理工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,结果表明,这套工艺是合理可行的.文中确定的试验参数的运行条件下,CODcr去除率达到99.1%,氨氮去除率达到96.6%,出水达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》中的一级排放标准.     

两级管网式反渗透工艺处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液

垃圾填埋场渗滤液污染物负荷高,水量、水质变化大,成分复杂,处理难度大,投资和运行费用高。反渗透技术能有效截留垃圾渗滤液中溶解态的有机和无机污染物,可以实现渗滤液处理的达标排放。采用两级管网式反渗透(STRO)工艺处理老港垃圾填埋场渗滤液,对电导率的去除率为92%~95%,对氨氮的去除率为99.2%~99.5%,对COD的去除率达到了99.5%以上,在出水中未检测出SS,且反渗透膜未出现结垢和膜污染现象。可见,两级STRO工艺在渗滤液处理领域具有重要的推广应用价值。     

A/O-MBR+NF组合工艺用于垃圾渗滤液处理工程

以某生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液实际处理工程为依托,考察了A/O-MBR+NF组合工艺对垃圾渗滤液的处理效果。通过控制合适的运行参数,A/O-MBR处理单元对COD的去除率可以达到85%以上,对NH_3-N的去除率达到95%以上。NF处理单元对COD的去除率达到90%以上,对NH_3-N的去除率在50%左右,其最终出水水质能够达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)。此外,还开展了硝化细菌氨氮耐受性研究,认为系统启动初期应严格控制氨氮浓度在150 mg/L左右,这样才能缩短硝化细菌的培养时间,提高系统的处理效率。     

生活垃圾填埋场及渗滤液处理的考察与分析

考察了五座城市生活垃圾填埋场及其渗滤液处理工程,分析结果表明,垃圾填埋场采用土工膜覆盖可以改善卫生条件、减少渗滤液产生量、降低渗滤液的污染物浓度;垃圾渗滤液采用生化/过滤/反渗透组合处理工艺是可行的,出水水质能够达标排放,同时指出开展RO浓缩液处理工艺的研究是当务之急.     

MBR/NF工艺处理垃圾渗滤液工程设计与运行

采用MBR/NF工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,运行结果表明该工艺设计合理,保证了渗滤液出水水质达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)。介绍了渗滤液处理站的主要工艺设计参数、实际运行情况、运行成本等,可供参考。     

填埋方式对污泥填埋稳定性的影响

参考垃圾填埋场经验,采用模拟填埋场,对污泥分别进行准好氧填埋和厌氧填埋,并定期监测渗滤液水质,利用指数法对两种填埋场的稳定化进行评价.结果表明,与厌氧填埋相比,准好氧填埋方式下污泥容重、密度和孔隙度的增长速度更快;并且准好氧填埋方式更有利于填埋体中污染物的降解,渗滤液中的污染物浓度更低;准好氧填埋场的稳定化速率要大于厌氧填埋场:准好氧填埋场在封场10周后即可达到二级稳定、渗滤液水质达到二级排放标准,而厌氧填埋场在封场30周后才能达到此标准.     

垃圾焚烧发电技术

阐述目前国内外垃圾焚烧发电工艺技术,重点介绍各种垃圾焚烧技术、垃圾焚烧发电系统及环保特性、可靠性。垃圾焚烧循环流化床锅炉是适应我国国情的环保型锅炉,应不断地完善其技术。     

Protecting Water Resources from the Effects of Landfill Sites: Foxhall Landfill Site

This paper describes the work carried out to protect both ground and surface waters close to the Suffolk County Council Foxhall landfill sites. Monitoring of groundwater showed that a deterioration was occurring, likely to impact adversely on water quality in the adjacent stream. The National Rivers Authority expressed their concern, and measures have been introduced to eliminate this pollution risk. Contaminated groundwaters flowing towards a local watercourse are intercepted by a 'Trammel'type geotextile cut-off drain and flow to a central collection sump. Automatic monitoring of contaminant levels at this point controls the treatment and disposal options. Where quality is unacceptable for discharge to the local watercourse, the intercepted groundwaters are treated by irrigation onto the capped surface of a restored landfill. If quality remains unacceptable for discharge, further irrigation treatment or discharge to a percolation area utilizing aquifer attenuation properties is possible.     

Landfill Lining for Leachate Containment

There is an increasing need for engineered liners to prevent the escape of leachate and to control the migration of landfill gas. This has been influenced by new European and UK legislation and codes of practice.
General principles of site design are explained, followed by a review of the advantages and disadvantages of different liner systems, including mineral liners (natural clay, mudrocks and soil/bentonite admixtures), geomembranes and composite liners.
The need for conservative factors of safety in site design and high standards of quality control, involving full-time supervision and independent certification of the installation works, are considered essential to ensure the effectiveness of the barrier.
There is no one ideal liner material. Composite mineral/geomembrane liners provide the highest degree of security against leakage and, as such, should be considered as 'the norm'rather than for use only in particularly high-risk situations.     

垃圾填埋场地基设计

通过分析垃圾填埋区地基变形可能产生的地基沉降过大,排渗系统倒坡,地基产生局部或整体剪切破坏等工程问题,指出填埋区地基设计的重点在于地基沉降计算与稳定计算。通过计算实例,总结出填埋区地基计算的关键因素及其特殊性。     

垃圾填埋场市场化运营监管模式

随着垃圾填埋场等公用设施市场化进程的加快，对其运营环节进行有效监管已成为各级政府的一项重要管理工作，佛山市在全国首次试行公用事业项目市场化监管。笔者通过引入“第三方”专业化监管的理念以及在佛山市的实践，旨在为全国垃圾填埋场的运营监管模式改革提供参考。     

YF20G垃圾压实机

ＹＦ2 0Ｇ垃圾压实机 (见图 1)是三明重机公司自行研制开发的专门用于城市垃圾填埋场的一种新型压实设备。它与传统的压实机械在结构上有较大图 1区别 ,主要体现在被作用体上。由于被作用体———垃圾松软 ,果皮较多 ,容易打滑塌陷 ,而且需防止垃圾卷进传动系统 ,所以设计上要充分考虑以上诸多情况。三明重机公司设计的ＹＦ2 0Ｇ垃圾压实机是集压实、摊铺、剪切垃圾于一体的理想新产品 ,已被列为 2 0 0 2年国家重点新产品。1　主要技术参数工作质量　ｋｇ 2 10 0 0　前轮分配质量　ｋｇ 10 5 0 0　前轮分配质量　ｋｇ 10 5 0 0线压力　　前…     

Environmental Management of Landfill Sites

The paper reviews various options adopted in the UK for engineered protection measures aimed at preventing pollution to the environs of landfill sites. The advantages and limitations of both natural and synthetic lining materials are discussed, recognizing the constraints posed by the geometry and geology of prospective landfill sites. Particular attention is given to the Environmental Safety Centre experience with techniques designed to minimize both leachate and gaseous emissions, and hence prevent pollution of ground and surface waters, and reduce hazards to nearby property. Options for operational practices and restoration procedures are discussed in relation to the control of degradation processes and polluting potential. Included in these options are design and operation of leachate and gas collection/treatment systems, phasing of landfilling operations, and progressive restoration of sites. Monitoring requirements are emphasized as a vital measure of the success or failure of site designs and operational practices in ensuring that appropriate environmental protection is achieved and maintained.     

生活垃圾填埋场整形施工

生活垃圾填埋场封场工程是一个投资较大且涉及面较广的复杂性系统工程,前期可借鉴的施工经验较少,一些施工技术措施也需要进一步的研究与完善。结合具体工程实例,介绍了生活垃圾填埋场封场的施工准备工作、施工工艺及安全措施,希望能对这方面的施工过程控制有所帮助。     

Above-Ground Landfill: The Engineered Approach

The UK waste management industry remains committed to landfill as the principal means of disposal for a large proportion of controlled wastes. Whilst the development of landfills above ground has been practised for many years in certain countries overseas, the concept has only become more widely accepted in the UK during the 1980s.
It is vital that such sites are well planned, designed, operated, and restored. In particular, such sites need to be well engineered, and the following key issues have to be addressed: (i) Site identification and assessment; (ii) Peripheral bunding; (iii) Filling and compaction; (iv) Drainage; (v) Water management; (vi) Landfill gas management; and (vii) Monitoring programmes.
The practice of above-ground landfilling is gaining greater acceptance in the UK. In certain respects such sites can have advantages over conventional infilling of voids.