混合应用天然与再生骨料混凝土的基本性能

对配合比相同和坍落度相同两种情况下,不同再生骨料掺入量混凝土的基本性能进行了系统的试验研究。试验中再生骨料的掺入量分别为0,25％,50％,75％和100％。试验结果表明,在配合比相同的情况下,随着再生骨料掺入量的增加．混凝土的工作性能以及回弹值、抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度和弹性模量均有不同程度的降低。在坍落度相同的情况下,随着再生骨料掺入量的增加．混凝土的抗压强度、抗折强度和弹性模量也均降低且较配合比相同的情况下降低更多。最后根据本文的试验结果,建议了两种情况下不同再生骨料掺入量混凝土的基本力学性能计算公式。并进一步对比了两种情况下得到的计算公式．结果表明,两种情况下得到的公式均可以用来描述不同再生骨料掺入量混凝土的基本力学性能。     

再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土基本性能的影响

系统研究了相同水灰比情况下再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土基本性能的影响。试验中再生粗骨料取代率分别为0，30％，50％，70％和100％，保持混凝土的水灰比不变。主要研究了再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土立方体坍落度、抗压强度、棱柱体抗压强度、峰值应变和泊松比、弹性模量、劈裂抗拉强度以及抗折强度的影响。试验结果表明，再生粗骨料取代率对上述各性能指标均有一定影响，但程度不同。同时发现，除抗折强度外，普通混凝土各基本力学性能指标问的关系均不适用各种再生骨料取代率混凝土。     

不同取代率再生粗骨料混凝土的力学性能

系统研究了坍落度相同的情况下再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土基本性能的影响.试验中再生粗骨料的掺入量分别为0,30%,50%,70%和100%,通过调节用水量使各组混凝土达到相同的坍落度.主要研究了达到相同坍落度时混凝土的用水量以及再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土坍落度、立方体抗压强度、棱柱体抗压强度、峰值应变和泊松比、弹性模量、劈裂抗拉强度以及抗折强度的影响.试验结果表明,再生粗骨料取代率对上述各性能指标均有一定影响,但程度不同.同时发现,除劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度外,普通混凝土各基本力学性能指标间的关系不适用各种再生骨料取代率的混凝土.     

Evaluation of rubbercrete based on ultrasonic pulse velocity and rebound hammer tests

Several research works have been carried out to study the fresh and hardened properties of concrete containing crumb rubber (rubbercrete) as a replacement of fine aggregate. The outcomes of these studies have highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of rubbercrete compared with conventional concrete mixtures. In view of the fact that rubbercrete is being used in the construction industry for a variety of purposes, evaluations of the rubbercrete mixtures using non-destructive tests such as rebound hammer (RH) and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) to establish valid relationships is worthwhile. Fifteen mixtures with different w/c ratios (ratios of weight of water to weight of cement) and crumb rubber content percentages were prepared, cast and tested using RH and UPV at different curing ages. Models were proposed and statistically validated to predict the relationship between compressive strength with UPV and rebound number (RN) for rubbercrete mixtures at 3, 7 and 28 days.     

钢纤维高强轻骨料混凝土力学性能的试验研究

轻骨料混凝土强度的提高导致了其脆性性能的增加,掺入钢纤维能对轻骨料混凝土起到增强、增韧效果。通过试验系统研究了LC50高强轻骨料混凝土在钢纤维体积率为0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%和2.0%时的基本力学性能,包括立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折初裂强度、抗折强度、静力受压弹性模量、泊松比和弯曲韧性等,并与国内外一些相关试验的结果进行了比较。试验结果表明:掺入钢纤维提高了轻骨料混凝土的立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度和静力受压弹性模量,显著提高了轻骨料混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度和弯曲韧性。掺入钢纤维与否,以及采用轻骨料还是普通碎石骨料对混凝土的泊松比无明显影响。     

Influence of parent concrete on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete

This paper discusses first the properties of recycled aggregates derived from parent concrete (PC) of three strengths, each of them made with three maximum sizes of aggregates. The relative physical and mechanical properties of fresh granite aggregate are discussed. Using these nine recycled aggregates, three strengths of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were made and studied. Typical relationship between water–cement ratio, compressive strength, aggregate-cement ratio and cement content have been formulated for RAC and compared with those of PC. RAC requires relatively lower water–cement ratio as compared to PC to achieve a particular compressive strength. The difference in strength between PC and RAC increases with strength of concrete. The relative evaluation of tensile and flexural strengths and modulus of elasticity has also been made.     

The effect of alkali reactivity on the mechanical properties of concrete

The effects of highly reactive aggregate, fused silica, and slowly reactive aggregate, Thames Valley sand, on the mechanical properties of concrete were investigated in this paper. The mechanical properties studied over a period of 12 months were the compressive strength, direct tensile strength, tensile splitting strength, flexural tensile strength (modulus of rupture), static modulus of elasticity and water absorption. The effects of both reactive aggregates on the mechanical properties of concrete were compared with that of sound concrete mix. The results presented in this investigation show that the effect of the reactive aggregates on the mechanical properties varies, depending on the type of reactive aggregate. From this study it appears that the direct tensile and static modulus of elasticity were the best indicators of reactivity.     

Effects of limestone crusher dust and steel fibers on concrete

Effects of crusher dust content in aggregate on properties of fresh and hardened concrete are not very well known. On the other hand, it is known that short discrete fibers delay the propagation of microcracks and improve some properties of concrete. In this research, the effect of crusher dust replacement levels of fine aggregate and hooked-end steel fibers with different aspect ratios and different volumes on some properties of concrete was investigated. All mixes were tested for compressive and splitting tensile strength, water penetration, flexural toughness energy and impact energy. Relations such as compressive strength/splitting tensile strength/water penetration depth/flexural toughness energy/impact energy-dust replacement level-fiber reinforcement index were also determined.     

Scrap-tyre-rubber replacement for aggregate and filler in concrete

In this research the performance of concrete mixtures incorporating 5%, 7.5% and 10% of discarded tyre rubber as aggregate and cement replacements was investigated. Numerous projects have been conducted on replacement of aggregates by crumb rubbers but scarce data are found on cementitious filler addition in the literature. Hence to examine characteristics of tyre crumb-containing concrete, two sets of concrete specimens were made. In the first set, different percentages by weight of chipped rubber were replaced for coarse aggregates and in the second set scrap-tyre powder was replaced for cement. Selected standard durability and mechanical test were performed and the results were analysed. The mechanical tests included compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity. The durability tests included permeability and water absorption. The results showed that with up to 5% replacement, in each set, no major changes on concrete characteristics would occur, however, with further increase in replacement ratios considerable changes were observed.     

自密实混凝土力学性能的试验研究

自密实混凝土自20世纪80年代在日本发明和应用以来，其应用领域逐渐扩展至世界许多国家。自密实混凝土也逐渐向着高强、轻质的方向发展。本文依据全计算法自行设计了一套CAO自密实混凝土的配比方案。随后通过试验测量了新拌混凝土的坍落度和坍落流动度以及不同龄期下该混凝土的抗压强度、劈裂强度、抗折强度和弹性模量。对这些基本力学参数进行了分析比较，并导出抗压强度和劈裂强度、抗压强度和抗折强度的近似线性关系武。而且还对自密实混凝土与同配比振捣成型混凝土的抗压强度进行比较。结果表明由于后者在振捣过程中出现离析现象，得到的抗压强度值低干前者。     

钢纤维改善轻骨料混凝土力学性能的试验研究

研究了钢纤维掺量不同(体积分数分别为0,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%)的钢纤维轻骨料混凝土(SFLWC)静态力学性能和自由落锤抗冲击性能,其中的静态力学性能包括立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折初裂强度、抗折强度、静力受压弹性模量、抗折模量和弯曲韧性等.试验结果表明:掺入钢纤维能显著提高轻骨料混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度、弯曲韧性和抗冲击性能,但对轻骨料混凝土的抗压强度和弹性模量影响较小.另外,钢纤维的掺入提高了轻骨料混凝土的拉压比,很大程度上改善了轻骨料混凝土的脆性.     

大流动性再生粗集料混凝土配合比设计方法

采用相同砂浆体积(EMV)方法配制再生粗集料混凝土,可节省水泥及细集料的用量,其强度及弹性模量与对比天然集料混凝土(NAC)相近,但由于新拌砂浆含量小而使其流动性能变差.给出了EMV方法的改进方法及具体设计步骤,并应用该改进方法配制2种不同来源再生粗集料的大流动性再生粗集料混凝土(FRAC),测定其坍落度、干湿表观密度、立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度以及弹性模量.结果表明:采用改进EMV方法可配制出满足和易性要求的FRAC,而且与传统方法配制的FRAC相比,其各项性能指标更接近对比NAC.     

橡胶自密实混凝土和易性及力学性能研究

利用3种不同粒径的橡胶颗粒替换混凝土中的骨料,分析了橡胶自密实混凝土(SCRC)的新拌及硬化性能。对新拌混凝土进行坍落度、T500和J环试验,对硬化混凝土的7 d、28 d抗压强度、抗拉强度、密度和28 d应力-应变进行研究。得出橡胶自密实混凝土中的最佳橡胶颗粒取代率和最佳粒径,以优化SCRC的新拌和硬化后性能。结果表明,随着橡胶取代率的增加,混凝土的坍落度和J环流动度减小,T500延长;橡胶颗粒为5 mm的混凝土抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度最高;由应力-应变曲线可以看出,橡胶粒径的增加会导致更大的峰值应变。     

冻融损伤混凝土力学性能衰减规律

为研究冻融作用对混凝土力学性能的影响,采用快冻法将混凝土盐冻或水冻至不同损伤程度后,测其动弹性模量、抗折强度、抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度.以动弹性模量为损伤变量,分析了冻融损伤与抗折、抗压强度之间的关系,采用回归分析的方法建立了抗折强度衰减方程.结果表明,混凝土抗压、抗折、劈裂抗拉强度以及动弹性模量均随冻融循环作用次数的增加而逐步降低;抗折、劈裂抗拉强度以及动弹性模量的衰减速率随冻融循环作用次数的增加而不断增大,但抗压强度的衰减速率则是先增大后减小;在冻融循环次数相同的情况下,含气量越高、水灰比越低,混凝土的强度损失越小,其力学性能损失的大小顺序依次为:抗折强度和劈裂抗拉强度、动弹性模量、抗压强度;冻融损伤与抗折强度的相关性较好,但与抗压强度的相关性较差,当冻融损伤小于40%时,混凝土的抗压强度一般不低于其初始强度的70%.     

再生骨料高强高性能混凝土配制研究

通过对不同强度等级旧混凝土破碎而成的再生粗骨料与天然粗骨料性能的对比研究 ,表明再生粗骨料与天然粗骨料性能具有相似性 ,能够满足行业标准对碎石的性能要求 ,并尝试将再生粗骨料用于配制高强混凝土和自流平高性能混凝土 ,结果表明 ,采用原强度在 15～ 2 0MPa以上的旧混凝土破碎而成的再生骨料均可用于配制高强混凝土 ,但在配合比相近情况下 ,原混凝土强度等级越高 ,再生混凝土各龄期强度越高 ,其再生利用价值也越高。再生粗骨料亦可用于配制自流平高性能混凝土 ,水胶比为 0 4 0 ,净用水量为 2 0 5kg m3左右时 ,配制得到的新拌混凝土坍落度和坍落扩展度分别在 2 4 5、5 6 0mm以上 ,其 2 8、6 0d强度分别在 5 8 0、6 7 3MPa以上     

粗集料强度对混凝土抗折强度的影响

试验研究了4种粗集料(碎石、钢集料、砂浆、页岩陶粒)与3种抗压强度等级水泥砂浆基体组合的混凝土的抗折强度及其发展规律.结果表明,粗集料与水泥砂浆基体的协调性对混凝土抗折强度影响十分显著.当粗集料强度和弹性模量与水泥砂浆基体相匹配时,增加粗集料强度可提高混凝土抗折强度,但粗集料强度和弹性模量过高反而会因较大的应力集中而降低混凝土抗折强度;当粗集料强度比水泥砂浆基体抗压强度低时,单纯通过增大水泥砂浆基体抗压强度来提高混凝土抗折强度的效果不明显;粗集料与水泥砂浆基体在抗压强度和弹性模量上的差异对混凝土抗折强度及其发展规律有很大影响.只有在两者相互协调的基础上,才能充分发挥粗集料和水泥砂浆基体的作用.     

水泥稳定砖与混凝土再生集料混合料的疲劳性能

研究了水泥稳定砖与混凝土再生集料(RBCA)混合料的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度与抗压回弹模量等基本物理力学性能,并开展了水泥稳定RBCA混合料的四点弯曲疲劳试验;基于Weibull分布确定了混合料的疲劳寿命预估模型,分析了RBCA掺量对混合料疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:随着RBCA掺量的增加,水泥稳定RBCA混合料的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度与抗压回弹模量均先增大后减小,弯拉强度也具有类似规律;相同级配与水泥剂量下,混合料的疲劳寿命随着RBCA掺量的增加而增大,且RBCA掺量较小时其混合料疲劳寿命增幅较大,后续增幅变小;加入RBCA可提高水泥稳定碎石混合料的抗疲劳性能.     

Effect of water/cement ratio on the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete

The use of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with its improving production techniques is increasing every day in concrete production. However, mix design methods and testing procedures are still developing. Mix design criterions are mostly focused on the type and mixture proportions of the constituents. Adjustment of the water/cement ratio and superplasticizer dosage is one of the main key properties in proportioning of SCC mixtures. In this study, five mixtures with different combinations of water/cement ratio and superplasticizer dosage levels were investigated. Several tests such as slump flow, V-funnel, L-box were carried out to determine optimum parameters for the self-compactibility of mixtures. Compressive strength development, modulus of elasticity and splitting tensile strength of mixtures were also studied.     

纤维再生混凝土力学性能试验及破坏分析

采用正交试验法研究了再生粗骨料掺量、粉煤灰掺量、减水剂掺量以及纤维类别对纤维再生混凝土抗压强度、劈拉强度及抗折强度的影响.利用扫描电镜及螺旋CT扫描技术分析纤维再生混凝土的内部破坏.结果表明：再生粗骨料掺量是影响纤维再生混凝土28d和90d抗压强度的重要因素;纤维类别是影响纤维再生混凝土28d劈拉强度和抗折强度的重要因素.以再生粗骨料掺量为50%(质量分数)、粉煤灰掺量(质量分数)为20%、减水剂掺量(质量分数)为0.5%和铣削波纹型钢纤维掺量(体积分数)为1.0%进行设计强度为C35的纤维再生混凝土的配制,可使其获得良好的和易性,并满足强度要求.再生粗骨料与砂浆界面处产生裂缝,导致了纤维再生混凝土强度较低.     

Influence of steel fibres on strength and ductility of normal and lightweight high strength concrete

This paper presents the results of a series of experiments conducted to investigate the effectiveness of fibre inclusion in the improvement of mechanical performance of concrete with regard to concrete type and specimen size. Lightweight aggregate concrete and limestone aggregate concrete with and without steel fibres were used in the study. The compressive strength of the concrete mixes varied between 90 and 115 MPa and the fibre content was 1% by volume. Splitting tests on prisms and three-point bending test on notched beams were carried out on specimens of varying sizes to examine the size effect on splitting strength, flexural strength and toughness.

The experimental findings indicate that the low volume of fibre has little effect on compressive strength but improve remarkably splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and toughness. The increase in splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and toughness index for lightweight concrete seems much higher than that of normal aggregate concrete.

The size effect on prism splitting tensile strength is not significant beyond a critical (transition) size. There are apparent size effects on flexural strength and toughness index. As the specimen size increases, splitting and flexural strengths appear to decrease, and fracture behaviour tends to be more brittle.