基于UML的网络考试系统建模分析

本文对网络考试的分析与设计过程采用了 UML 语言,运用 UML 的静态和动态模型图,将系统分析结果进行可视化建模,在分析过程中对 UML 建模中常用的几种图如用例图、时序图、交互图、类图、组件图和配置图进行了分析和介绍。     

浅谈野外数字化测图在航道测量中的应用

通过野外数字化测图在航道测量中的应用，介绍了野外数字化测图的方法和步骤，比较了平板仪测图和数字化测图的精度，归纳了野外数字化测图的优点，得出了数字化测图必将取代传统测绘方式的结论。     

两类图的笛卡尔积图的临点可区别关联色数

图的关联着色问题是图着色理论的重要组成部分之一,确定图的关联色数是一个具有很大挑战性也非常有意义的课题。非常图的关联色数同图的强色指数有密切的关系,本文给出了路与路的笛卡尔积图和路与完全图的笛卡尔积图的邻点可区别关联色数。     

K1,4-受限图的完全圈套可扩性

首先定义了一个新的图类—K1,p-受限图,此图类包含了无爪图并且在无爪图方面的许多结果都可以推广到该图类上,然后证明了:顶点数不小于3的连通、局部连通的K1,4-受限图G,如果不含与K2∨-K2同构的导出子图,则G是完全圈可扩的,该结果将无爪图在完全圈可扩性方面的结果推广到受限图上.     

浅谈国内电梯装潢

1国内电梯装潢的发展历程 20世纪90年代以前，电梯图纸都是由设计人员手工绘制，然后经过复核、审核到批准；再经过描图、晒图、装订等程序，时间漫长而复杂。手工设计的图纸主要有生产用图（机械加工图，电器配线图）、安装图、维修图与外加工图（主要装潢用图），     

小区排水系统施工图研究分析

小区排水工程图主要包括排水系统总平面图、小区排水管道平面布置图、管道纵断面图和详图。排水管道平面布置图和纵断面图是排水管道设计的主要图纸。     

一种新的立体测图方法

随着无人机倾斜摄影测量技术的发展,基于实景三维模型的立体测图技术逐渐成为大比例尺数字成图的主要方法之一,其相对应的立体测图软件已成为国内外学者的研究热点。虽然目前市面已有多种立体测图软件,但没有一种适用于CASS成图。为此,本文提出了一种基于CASS成图的新立体测图方法,该方法不仅能保证三维模型特征选取与CASS二维成图同步,而且具有较高的精度和效率。     

基于半监督的SVM多标签图数据分类算法研究

传统的图数据分类研究主要集中在单标签集,然而在很多应用中,每个图数据都会同时具有多个标签集。文章研究关于多标签图数据分类问题,并提出基于半监督的SVM多标签图数据分类算法。算法首先通过一对多二元分解将多标签图数据分解成多个单标签图数据。然后对分解后的图数据,运用半监督SVM进行分类。通过实验证明,该方法在已标注图数据较少情况下具有较高的分类精度。     

基于思维导图思想的初中英语教学暇思

教师的图在与学生的图进行"碰撞"时,不能以一种强制的方式,而应当以一种引导的方式,让学生结合教师的图修改、完善自己的图,这样才能让学生既获得更合理的图,又获得画思维导图的思路与方法。     

济南市测绘供图生产管理系统研究

依托济南市城市数字化建设,在AutoCAD平台基础上,作者利用ObjectARX2004技术成功开发了济南市测绘供图生产管理系统（SMSMPP）,实现了供图查图、任意范围（非标准图幅）供图和旧图更新提醒等功能。应用结果表明：SMSMP改革了传统的供图管理模式,规范了对外供图服务的工作流程,为城市规划业务中工程的“数字报建”做出了积极的努力。     

Analysis of aperture evolution in a rock joint using a complex network approach

A complex network approach to characterize a rough fracture is developed. Some metric spaces (similarity measurements) between apertures profiles are set up, and a general evolutionary network in two directions (parallel and perpendicular to the shear direction) is constructed. Evaluation of the network shows the connectivity degree (distribution of edges) of network, after a transition step, falls into a stable state that coincides with a Gaussian distribution. Based on this event, and real observations of the complex network changes, an algorithm is proposed in which evolution of a network is accomplished using preferential and random attachments of edges, while the number of nodes is fixed. Evolution of clustering coefficients and number of edges display similar patterns observed in shear stress, hydraulic conductivity and dilation changes, which can be engaged to estimate shear strength distribution of asperities. Distinguishing the contact profiles and their changes, despite the former case, disclosed growing networks, which can shed light on the details of changes within intra-topology of profiles.     

浅谈建筑装修企业的网络营销模式

在激烈的市场竞争中,传统的市场营销模式已经不能适应企业的发展,而网络营销的迅速发展为建筑装修企业市场营销创新提供了新的思路。可以说网络营销也是目前建筑装修企业一项重要营销行为之一,因此本文就建筑装修企业的网络营销模式进行研究分析,提出合理性建议;通过网络营销管理模式的创新,树立新型营销理念,采取切实措施来增强企业的竞争力。     

针对倒塌房屋瓦砾分布的模糊神经网络预测

房屋倒塌后的瓦砾分布范围与楼层层高、总层数、房屋重量等因素有关，具有一定的随机性，要精确预测其倒塌后的堆积物分布具有一定困难。而模糊神经网络系统的预测功能可以解决这一问题。本文作者结合模糊推理系统和辐射基函数网络，提出了建立多层前向神经网络模型，来输出倒塌房屋堆积物分布范围及平均高度的模糊预测系统。     

Leakage detection in a real distribution network using a SOM

One great challenge for waterworks is effective leakage detection. This paper presents a method based on the self-organising map for leakage detection in a water distribution network. The data used for training and validating the test results consist of vectors of the flow meter readings and knowledge of reported leak locations. The most important factor facilitating the self-organising-map-based modelling of leaks is the developed leak function. The results of the experiments presented show that the model trained on flow data can detect leaks in a defined distribution network area.     

地震灾害下城市生命线体系恢复力双维度综合评估

针对现有生命线恢复力研究中单一维度评估的缺陷,引入基础设施网络均衡理论,设计综合考虑生命线网络物理状态和输送能力的体系性能时程响应函数PRF,同时构建包含灾害概率、灾害后果、恢复速率三个主要因素在内的,贯穿技术和组织双维度的生命线体系恢复力评估框架,实现地震灾害下城市生命线体系恢复力双维度综合评估。在以江苏省连云港市区供水网络为例的案例研究中,依据评估框架构建体系恢复力仿真流程,采用场景地震,对环状和网状两种供水体系的震害恢复力进行对比分析,结果显示,尽管网状供水网络的性能水平高于环状网络,但对体系恢复力的提升作用并不明显。而且城市供水体系恢复力随着恢复资源投入量的变化曲线显示,恢复资源的投入量存在最优值,能够以高效费比实现体系恢复力最大化。     

BP神经网络在某深基坑工程监测中的应用研究

采用BP神经网络模型对某深基坑工程的变形进行了预测,通过与实测数据的对比分析表明:BP神经网络模型在深基坑工程监测中具有良好的容错性,在围护桩顶竖向及水平位移、围护桩深层水平位移、锚索内力预测方面具有较高的准确度,与实际内力及变形情况较为吻合;BP神经网络模型在地下水位预测中的准确度较低、数据结果离散性较大,不能充分反映水位变化的实际情况;BP神经网络模型在进行短期预测时准确率高,预测曲线与实测数据曲线吻合性较好;在进行锚索内力监测时,当传感器不能及时采集数据的情况下,BP神经网络能发挥预测准确数据的作用;BP神经网络模型隐含层数的选取对预测结果的准确性有一定的影响。     

设置均压罐的热用户与热网连接方式

在热网与热用户之间设置均压罐是热网与热用户的一种间接连接方式，可以改善热水管网的水力失调，提高热水管网的水力稳定性，减少热网系统能耗。介绍了均压罐的作用、特点和工作原理，并举例分析这种连接方式的应用效果。     

Evaluation of Information Applications of a Self‐Organizing Distributed Traffic Information System for a Large‐Scale Real‐World Traffic Network

Abstract: This article presents an evaluation of the system performance of a proposed self‐organizing, distributed traffic information system based on vehicle‐to‐vehicle information‐sharing architecture. Using microsimulation, several information applications derived from this system are analyzed relative to the effectiveness and efficiency of the system to estimate traffic conditions along each individual path in the network, to identify possible incidents in the traffic network, and to provide rerouting strategies for vehicles to escape congested spots in the network. A subset of vehicles in the traffic network is equipped with specific intervehicle communication devices capable of autonomous traffic surveillance, peer‐to‐peer information sharing, and self‐data processing. A self‐organizing traffic information overlay on the existing vehicular roadway network assists their independent evaluation of route information, detection of traffic incidents, and dynamic rerouting in the network based both on historical information stored in an in‐vehicle database and on real‐time information disseminated through intervehicle communications. A path‐based microsimulation model is developed for these information applications and the proposed distributed traffic information system is tested in a large‐scale real‐world network. Based on simulation study results, potential benefits both for travelers with such equipment as well as for the traffic system as a whole are demonstrated.     

Physical and neural network models of a silica-gel desiccant wheel

Two methods for modelling the performance of a desiccant wheel are presented: a physical model, based on mass and energy balances of the process, and a neural network model, based on the training of a black box model with real data. The physical model consists of a set of non-linear differential equations solved by finite differences techniques. The neural network model consists of a four-input–four-output network that calculates the outlet conditions from inlet ones. Real data are used to validate the physical model and to train the neural network. The physical model shows discrepancies between calculated and measured values mainly due to the fact that the system is assumed to be adiabatic. The heat losses in the ducts and the wheel are not considered in the model, but in the experimental facility these losses occur. In the case of the neural network model, the temperature and humidity ratio calculated for the outlet air are in accordance with the experimental data.     

Solving a nonlinear bilevel programming model of the equilibrium network design problem for Korea

A network design problem solves for link improvements or additions to an existing transportation network provided that a certain objective function such as social welfare is maximised. In addition, an equilibrium network design problem specifically requires each link to have user equilibrium flows.In this paper, two equilibrium transportation network design problems are formulated in a nonlinear bilevel programming framework; one with a budget constraint and one without. A bilevel programming formulation allows explicit consideration of the interaction between the public sector which supplies transportation facilities and the private sector which uses the given facilities. This paper presents a descent-type algorithm to solve an equilibrium network design problem formulated in the nonlinear bilevel programming model for Korea. Numerical analysis using network data for a simplified Korean highway system is reported.