化学调理改性/深度脱水工艺集中处理城市污泥

采用污泥储存+调理+中转+深度脱水+除臭工艺集中处理城市污水处理厂的污泥,处理规模为120 t/d,原污泥含水率为80%,深度处理后污泥含水率60%,优于《城镇污水处理厂污泥处置混合填埋用泥质》(GB/T 23485—2009)标准,并实现了处理过程的无害化、减量化、资源化。     

浅淡污水处理厂污泥处理现状及处置技术

笔者结合当前污泥实际情况及污水处理厂污泥处理现状分析,阐述了污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术、污泥处理难点及完善污泥处置的标准、对加大污泥处理技术和管理提出相应的建议.     

城镇污水处理厂污泥深度脱水机械设备集成及自动化控制系统

对城镇污水处理厂污泥深度脱水机械设备集成及自动化控制系统进行了介绍,该系统主要包括调理剂投加搅拌系统和污泥压滤脱水系统。其中,调理剂投加搅拌系统主要包括三氯化铁投加系统、生石灰投加系统和混合搅拌系统,污泥压滤脱水系统主要包括进泥输送系统、隔膜压滤系统、吹脱系统和卸料系统。整套系统的工艺设备采用PLC控制,自动化程度和处理效率高。污泥经深度脱水处理后,污泥含水率可降至60%以下,经进一步搁置可低于50%,达到GB/T 23485-2009《城镇污水处理厂污泥处置混合填埋用泥质》标准要求。处理过程中产生的滤液清澈,处理后的污泥泥饼成型良好,污泥干重增加较少,方便污泥生产和运输,且对后续处置工艺影响较小。该污泥深度脱水处理系统进行生产所需的原材料易采购,人工成本低,具有良好的经济和环保效益,有可观的推广价值。     

EGSB反应器处理有机污水的可行性研究

在常温下采用厌氧污泥颗粒膨胀床（EGSB）技术处理生活污水,接种颗粒污泥。实验结果表明采用EGSB厌氧工艺处理生活污水,出水水质较好,COD、SS去除率都在70%～90%以上。实验证实了EGSB技术处理生活污水的可行性,为以后城市污水处理的选择提供了发展思路。     

三部门发布技术政策 指导城镇污水处理厂污泥治理

为指导各地城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术的研发、推广和应用,近日,住房和城乡建设部、环境保护部、科学技术部三部门联合制定并下发了<城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置及污染防治技术政策(试行)>.该技术政策明确了污泥处理处置技术的发展目标和责任主体,将为污泥处理处置的技术及设施规划、设计等各环节提供指导.     

杭州七格污水处理厂污泥处置及示范工程

随着污泥处理处置标准的提高,为解决杭州七格污水处理厂污泥处理处置问题,对七格污水处理厂的污泥进行了试验,其中包括污泥的元素分析、工业分析,结合中国科学院工程热物理研究所完成的污泥直接焚烧燃烧、排放特性试验,七格污水处理厂建立了100 t/d的污泥循环流化床一体化污泥焚烧示范工程.通过示范工程进行技术、经济分析,为七格污水处理厂污泥干化焚烧工程提供了科学决策的依据.     

住房和城乡建设部、环境保护部和科学技术部联合发布《城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置及污染防治技术政策（试行）》

为推动城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术进步,明确城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术发展方向和技术原则,指导各地开展城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术研发和推广应用,促进工程建设和运行管理,避免二次污染,保护和改善生态环境,促进节能减排和污泥资源化利用,住房和城乡建设部、环境保护部和科学技术部于2009年2月18日联合发布了《城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置及污染防治技术政策（试行）》。     

污水处理厂污泥处理技术政策（试行）发布

为推动城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术进步．明确城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术发展方向和技术原则．指导各地开展城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术研发和推广应用,促进工程建设和运行管理．避免二次污染,保护和改善生态环境．促进节能减排和污泥资源化利用,住房和城乡建设部、环境保护部和科学技术部联合制定了《城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置及污染防治技术政策（试行）》．近日发布。     

三部委联合印发《城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置及污染防治技术政策（试行）》

为推动城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术进步,明确城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术发展方向和技术原则,指导各地开展城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置技术研发和推广应用,促进工程建设和运行管理,避免二次污染,保护和改善生态环境,促进节能减排和污泥资源化利用,住房和城乡建设部、环境保护部和科学技术部联合制定了《城镇污水处理厂污泥处理处置及污染防治技术政策（试行）》,并于近日印发。     

城镇污水处理厂污泥水特性研究进展

为配合城镇污水处理厂的升级改造,对天津创业环保集团股份有限公司下属的6座城镇污水处理厂污泥水的水质和水量情况进行了调研,介绍了污泥水单独处理工艺的研究现状.结果表明:污泥水水量和水质主要取决于污水处理工艺、污泥处理工艺和各工艺设备的运行状况,各污水厂间存在较大差异;污泥水水量仅为污水厂进水量的0.7%～2%,但污染物浓度普遍较高.我国目前已经建成或正在修建的城市污水处理厂均采用将污泥水回流至进水口进行再处理的方法,使得处理系统的实际负荷高于设计负荷,因而污泥水单独处理技术研究具有重大的现实意义.     

污泥焚烧灰渣无害化处理及其资源化利用技术研究

污水厂污泥焚烧是一种有效的减量化处理方式,焚烧产生的污泥焚烧灰渣通常被运到填埋场进行填埋处置.根据污泥灰渣的物理特性,对其进行了急性毒性分析和水化活性分析,并经过无害化处理的污泥焚烧灰渣寻找到了使其资源化利用的新方法,即固化后制成的路基材料.用该法制成的路基材料抗压强度满足规定的技术要求,同时,重金属浸出毒性也满足国家固体废物排放标准的要求.     

Potential for Sewage Sludge Co-Combustion in the UK Based on German Experience

Increasingly strict legislation, escalating costs and external pressures are causing the water industry to look for alternative strategies to agricultural recycling for the disposal of biosolids. Although the development of the 'safe sludge matrix'has encouraged agricultural recycling, negative press has hampered this outlet and public perception is seen as a major threat. Accordingly, many water companies are looking towards thermal-reduction technologies and have invested in thermal dryers and sludge incinerators; however, such technology has high capital costs and complex maintenance and operator requirements. An alternative method, i.e. co-combustion, is becoming more popular in mainland Europe. Unlike incineration/drying, the capital expenditure is low and operator/maintenance risks are minimised.
This paper (i) discusses a case study in which 40 000 dry tonnes of sludge per annum have been successfully combusted since 1996, and (ii) explores how this experience could be applied in a UK situation.     

Influence of anaerobic digestion on the carbon footprint of various sewage sludge treatment options

This paper describes the results of a model set up to determine carbon footprints for sludge treatment solutions with and without standard or advanced anaerobic digestion. Complete and 'gate' (up to the point the sludge leaves the sewage works gate) footprints were calculated. The lowest carbon footprints corresponded with advanced digestion options, which reduced downstream energy and transport (hence carbon) requirements regardless of the endpoint of the sludge. The lowest complete carbon footprint solution coincided with advanced digestion, followed by drying with energy recovery. However, this option had the highest gate carbon footprint. In terms of gate carbon footprint, land application of an advanced digested sludge cake had the smallest footprint, followed by land application of dried pellets and finally incineration.     

新型污泥干化/焚烧技术的试验研究

采用新型喷雾干燥与回转式焚烧炉集成的污泥干化/焚烧工艺对萧山污水厂的脱水污泥进行处理试验.研究结果表明,新型干化焚烧技术及其装备具有热能综合利用效率高、安全性好、投资和运行成本低等特点.而且,经合适的烟气净化技术处理,气体污染物远低于<生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准>(GB 18485--2001)的排放限值要求.     

Advances in sustainable wastewater treatment: Microalgal–bacterial consortia process,greenhouse gas reduction and energy recovery technologies

Because of the low energy consumption of aeration, strong nutrient removal capacity, low greenhouse gas emissions and high resource recovery potential, the wastewater treatment process using microalgal–bacterial consortia is considered as an excellent alternative to the traditional activated sludge wastewater treatment process. In this review, the wastewater treatment process based on microalgal–bacterial consortia and its greenhouse gas emission reduction mechanism are introduced. The potential advantages and constraints of the process in carbon neutral wastewater treatment were highlighted and critically discussed. The environmental impact of wastewater treatment, the research progress of environment-friendly treatment technologies and the challenges faced by integrating these technologies are discussed. However, the wastewater treatment process based on microalgae–bacteria consortia still needs to be studied. In the future, it is necessary to optimize the scheme for quantifying the environmental impact of wastewater treatment and further expand the recycling rate and cost value of wastewater resources.     

Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge with a hybrid process of low pressure wet oxidation and nanofiltration

Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge will become increasingly important within the next decades due to depletion of mineral phosphorus resources. In this work a new process concept was investigated, which aims at realising phosphorus recovery in a synergistic way with the overall sewage sludge treatment scheme. This process combines a low pressure wet oxidation for sewage sludge decomposition as well as phosphorus dissolution and a nanofiltration process to separate phosphorus from heavy metals and obtain a clean diluted phosphoric acid, from which phosphorus can be recovered as clean fertiliser.It was shown that this process concept is feasible for sewage sludge for wastewater treatment plants that apply enhanced biological removal or precipitation with alumina salts for phosphorus removal. The critical parameter for phosphorus dissolution in the low pressure wet oxidation process is the iron concentration, while in the nanofiltration multi-valent cations play a predominant role.In total, a phosphorus recovery of 54% was obtained for an exemplary wastewater treatment plant. Costs of the entire process are in the same range as conventional sewage sludge disposal, with the benefit being phosphorus recovery and reduced emission of greenhouse gases due to avoidance of sludge incineration.     

污水处理低碳运行策略与技术导向

二氧化碳(CO2)等温室气体大量排放是导致全球气候变暖的主因,为此"低碳"生产、生活方式渐渐成为当今社会的新宠。为论述"低碳"理念在污水处理方面的实际应用,首先剖析污水处理与碳排放之间的关系,明确发掘污水/污泥中有机能源对CO2的综合减排效果。其次,从宏观和微观角度审视污水处理实现"低碳"运行的技术策略,并在此基础上讨论实现低碳运行的技术途径。最后,总结污水处理实现低碳运行的技术导向。     

Minimization of excess sludge production for biological wastewater treatment

Excess sludge treatment and disposal currently represents a rising challenge for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to economic, environmental and regulation factors. There is therefore considerable impetus to explore and develop strategies and technologies for reducing excess sludge production in biological wastewater treatment processes. This paper reviews current strategies for reducing sludge production based on these mechanisms: lysis-cryptic growth, uncoupling metabolism, maintenance metabolism, and predation on bacteria. The strategies for sludge reduction should be evaluated and chosen for practical application using costs analysis and assessment of environmental impact. High costs still limit technologies of sludge ozonation-cryptic growth and membrane bioreactor from spreading application in full-scale WWTPs. Bioacclimation and harmful to environment are major bottlenecks for chemical uncoupler in practical application. Sludge reduction induced by oligochaetes may present a cost-effective way for WWTPs if unstable worm growth is solved. Employing any strategy for reducing sludge production may have an impact on microbial community in biological wastewater treatment processes. This impact may influence the sludge characteristics and the quality of effluent.     

Monitoring aerobic sludge digestion by online scanning fluorometry

With sludge samples from two wastewater treatment plants, batch experiments of aerobic sludge digestion were conducted under different dissolved oxygen (DO) and solids concentrations. A fluorometer capable of online excitation and emission scanning was used to monitor the digestion process. Three major fluorescence peaks were observed. The peak at excitation/emission maxima of 290/350 nm was attributed to the fluorescence of proteinaceous materials in the sludge, with tryptophan residues being the primary contributor. The sources for the other two peaks (at 370/430 nm and 430/510 nm) remain unknown. The well-known biological fluorescence from reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NADH and NADPH), at excitation/emission maxima of 340/460 nm, was found very weak in the aerobic digestion systems studied. It was buried under the broad peak at 370/430 nm and was detectable only in the early stage of the experiment that had the highest solids loading (at 4.8%) and was operated under low DO (0.2-1.0mg/L) conditions. On the other hand, the profile of the protein fluorescence (PF) correlated well with that of the volatile solids (VS) reduction in all the experiments. A semi-empirical exponential decay function was developed, which described well the profiles of both normalized VS and normalized PF. The feasibility of following the real-time performance of aerobic sludge digestion by monitoring PF was clearly demonstrated.     

Investigation of the sludge reduction mechanism in the anaerobic side-stream reactor process using several control biological wastewater treatment processes

To investigate the mechanism of sludge reduction in the anaerobic side-stream reactor (SSR) process, activated sludge with five different sludge reduction schemes were studied side-by-side in the laboratory. These are activated sludge with: 1) aerobic SSR, 2) anaerobic SSR, 3) aerobic digester, 4) anaerobic digester, and 5) no sludge wastage. The system with anaerobic SSR (system #2) was the focus of this study and four other systems served as control processes with different functions and purposes. Both mathematical and experimental approaches were made to determine solids retention time (SRT) and sludge yield for the anaerobic SSR process. The results showed that the anaerobic SSR process produced the lowest solids generation, indicating that sludge organic fractions degraded in this system are larger than other systems that possess only aerobic or anaerobic mode. Among three systems that involved long SRT (system #1, #2, and #5), it was only system #2 that showed stable sludge settling and effluent quality, indicating that efficient sludge reduction in this process occurred along with continuous generation of normal sludge flocs. This observation was further supported by batch anaerobic and aerobic digestion data. Batch digestion on sludges collected after 109 days of operation clearly demonstrated that both anaerobically and aerobically digestible materials were removed in activated sludge with anaerobic SSR. In contrast, sludge reduction in the aerobic SSR process or no wastage system was achieved by removal of mainly aerobically digestible materials. All these results led us to conclude that repeating sludge under both feast/fasting and anaerobic/aerobic conditions (i.e., activated sludge with anaerobic SSR) is necessary to achieve the highest biological solids reduction with normal wastewater treatment performance.