现阶段室内空气污染控制探讨

简述了室内空气污染的主要污染物及其危害,详细的论述了现阶段室内空气污染的控制方法,包括：通风、活性炭吸附技术、纳米TiO2光催化技术、吸附与光催化相结合的净化技术、低温等离子体技术、负离子技术和绿色植物净化技术。     

现阶段室内空气污染控制探讨

简述了室内空气污染的主要污染物及其危害,详细的论述了现阶段室内空气污染的控制方法。包括：通风、活性炭吸附技术、纳米TiO2光催化技术、吸附与光催化相结合的净化技术、低温等离子体技术、负离子技术和绿色植物净化技术。     

室内空气净化技术的研究与进展

介绍了净化室内不同空气污染物采取的相应净化技术,针对室内VOC,常用吸附法、光催化法、纳米材料净化法;针对室内空气颗粒物,主要采用机械过滤、静电除尘技术、低温等离子体技术、纳米光催化技术等,而微生物的净化主要是利用纳米TiO2光催化技术。还介绍了生物净化技术、膜分离技术等室内空气净化技术的最新进展。     

TiO_2覆膜滤料特性参数对光催化效率影响的理论研究

以纳米TiO2覆膜滤料平板式空气净化装置为物理模型,基于质交换、扩散、吸附和光化学理论建立非稳态光催化氧化过程数学模型.应用该数学模型研究了3个光催化氧化关键特性参数对光催化氧化甲醛反应效率的影响.这些因素包括紫外光强度、吸附作用和净化风速.该研究成果对TiO2空气净化装置的设计优化具有指导意义.     

纳米TiO2光催化降解室内空气污染物的实验研究

本文介绍了纳米TiO2降解室内空气污染物的原理，理论分析纳米TiO2颗粒大小对其光催化氧化能力的影响程度。实验证实了纳米TiO2能有效地分解室内空气污染物。得出了空气流速、污染物浓度、紫外光强度与光催化氧化效果之间的变化关系。最后指出了纳米TiO2光催化技术发展应该注意的问题。     

纳米TiO_2降解大气污染物的应用研究

采用纳米TiO2进行光催化降解是一项正在蓬勃兴起的新型治理大气污染的技术,大量研究表明,这项技术对污染物具有良好的净化效果。文中介绍了TiO2纳米材料的特性、光催化反应原理,以及在降解大气污染物中的应用。     

光催化对洁净厂房循环风单元中甲醛净化参数的优化研究

为了探讨洁净厂房循环风单元回风净化装置中光催化剂种类、用量、光照强度等参数对降解甲醛效率的影响,以确定光催化净化网参数配置的方案。采用酚试剂分光光度法测定甲醛浓度,在60 m~3的模拟洁净厂房内,通过正交试验筛选回风净化装置中光催化净化网对甲醛15 min降解效率的最优参数组合。试验结果表明,光催化剂用量对甲醛降解效率有显著性差异。直接分析发现净化参数对甲醛降解效率的影响大小顺序为光催化剂用量光照强度光催化剂种类。综合分析得出光催化净化网最佳参数配置为纳米TiO_2、光催化剂用量三遍(30 g/m~2)、紫外灯20 W。光催化净化网的最佳参数配置能够提高光催化净化网对洁净厂房中甲醛的降解效率。     

纳米Ti02／Si02光催化自清洁复合薄膜在建材中的应用

阐述了纳米TiO2光催化和自清洁的机理，并结合机理进一步介绍了纳米TiO2／SiO2光催化自清洁复合薄膜在建材中的应用，对于影响其性能的一些因素也进行了探讨。实验证明，一定量的SiO2掺杂可以提高TiO2薄膜的光催化和超亲水性能。将其与玻璃和陶瓷等基体结合，具有优异的环境净化和自清洁能力，在建材工业中有着广泛而巨大的应用前景。     

原位还原法制备介孔Ag-TiO2抗菌剂及其性能研究

以TiO2介孔球为载体,采用原位化学还原法制备了介孔Ag-TiO2抗菌剂。重点研究了不同载银量下Ag-TiO2抗菌剂的吸附性能、光催化性能及抗菌性能,对相关机理进行了探讨,并初步将样品应用于光催化抗菌涂层制备。研究结果表明:负载的Ag以金属单质形式存在,纳米Ag的沉积会在一定程度上堵塞TiO2球介孔结构,当Ag理论负载量(质量百分比)大于5%时,Ag-TiO2抗菌剂的吸附能力大幅降低。所形成的纳米Ag通过与TiO2形成肖特基结,可抑制光生电子、空穴复合,提高TiO2光催化活性;同时纳米Ag还可通过与液相中溶解氧的反应释放出Ag+离子,表现出抗菌活性,当Ag理论负载量为2.5%时,样品具有最优的光催化和抗菌综合性能,展现出在光催化抗菌涂层方面的应用潜力。     

纳米TiO_2对水中对羟基苯甲酸吸附及光催化降解

以BDH粉末TiO2为光催化剂,研究了水体中对羟基苯甲酸在纳米Ti02颗粒上的吸附行为,并研究了时羟基苯甲酸的二氧化钛光催化降解效果.结果表明:TiO2对羟基苯甲酸的吸附作用明显依赖于水溶液的pH,对羟基苯甲酸的光催化降解效果与其在催化剂表面的吸附行为密切相关,提高吸附速率,对羟基苯甲酸的去除率也随之提高.     

The effect of activated carbon adsorption on the photocatalytic removal of formaldehyde

Photocatalysis is an emerging and promising technology for indoor air purification. This photocatalytic method is effective in the case of a higher pollutant concentration, but its wide application in indoor air purification is limited due to the low level of indoor air contaminants. In order to improve the removal of pollutants in indoor air, we evaluated the photocatalytic performance over the nanosized TiO₂ particles immobilized on the surface of activated carbon (AC) filter for the removal of formaldehyde (HCHO). It is shown that the photocatalytic reaction rate increased because the AC could adsorb the pollutants from the diluted air stream to generate a high concentration of the pollutants on the catalyst surfaces. The photocatalytic reaction took place from the diffusion control process to the photocatalytic reaction control process with the rise in flow velocity. In the former process, the photocatalytic reaction rate increased, whereas in the later process photocatalytic reaction rate changed little with increasing flow velocity. The flow velocity was lower over the TiO₂/AC catalyst than over the TiO₂/glass catalyst when the photocatalytic reaction was switched from the diffusion control process to the photocatalytic reaction control process. It is also observed that the indoor low-concentration HCHO could be photocatalytically degraded over TiO₂/AC, with the HCHO concentration in the product mixture falling into the standard range that is specified by the indoor air quality standard of China.     

新装修办公室内空气污染的消除试验

以一个新装修的办公室为研究对象,对室内的污染状况进行了检测。从控制污染源和消除室内空气污染两方面进行了净化试验。试验结果表明,在有紫外线灯照射时,用臭氧水对空间和人造板表面进行喷雾,同时保持室内高臭氧浓度的方法对降低人造板的甲醛散发量有明显效果;利用夜间产生高浓度臭氧、白天产生低浓度臭氧结合活性炭吸附的方法能有效消除室内空气中的甲醛和氨气。     

活性炭颗粒过滤器在室内空气净化中的实验研究

利用活性炭颗粒过滤器可以有效地去除室内空气中甲醛等低浓度有机污染物.实验测试了不同实验条件下以及过滤器本身的一些因素时过滤器净化效率的影响.结果表明:过滤风量、污染物的初始浓度、活性炭颗粒用量、活性炭颗粒粒度、净化网的形状等因素时过滤器吸附效果均有影响.     

Human exposure to air contaminants in sports environments

The aim of this review was to investigate human exposure to relevant indoor air contaminants, predictors affecting the levels, and the means to reduce the harmful exposure in indoor sports facilities. Our study revealed that the contaminants of primary concern are the following: particulate matter in indoor climbing, golf, and horse riding facilities; carbon dioxide and particulate matter in fitness centers, gymnasiums, and sports halls; Staphylococci on gymnasium surfaces; nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide in ice hockey arenas; carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide(s), and particulate matter in motor sports arenas; and disinfection by-products in indoor chlorinated swimming pools. Means to reduce human exposure to indoor contaminants include the following: adequate mechanical ventilation with filters, suitable cleaning practices, a limited number of occupants in fitness centers and gymnasiums, the use of electric resurfacers instead of the engine powered resurfacers in ice hockey arenas, carefully regulated chlorine and temperature levels in indoor swimming pools, properly ventilated pools, and good personal hygiene. Because of the large number of susceptible people in these facilities, as well as all active people having an increased respiratory rate and airflow velocity, strict air quality requirements in indoor sports facilities should be maintained.     

Performance of ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation for indoor air cleaning applications

Ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation (UVPCO) systems for removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air are being considered for use in office buildings. Here, we report an experimental evaluation of a UVPCO device with tungsten oxide modified titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the photocatalyst. The device was challenged with complex VOC mixtures. One mixture contained 27 VOCs characteristic of office buildings and another comprised 10 VOCs emitted by cleaning products, in both cases at realistic concentrations (low ppb range). VOC conversion efficiencies varied widely, usually exceeded 20%, and were as high as approximately 80% at about 0.03 s residence time. Conversion efficiency generally diminished with increased airflow rate, and followed the order: alcohols and glycol ethers > aldehydes, ketones, and terpene hydrocarbons > aromatic and alkane hydrocarbons > halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Conversion efficiencies correlated with the Henry's law constant more closely than with other physicochemical parameters. An empirical model based on the Henry's law constant and the gas-phase reaction rate with hydroxyl radical provided reasonable estimates of pseudo-first order photocatalytic reaction rates. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, formic acid and acetic acid were produced by the device due to incomplete mineralization of common VOCs. Formaldehyde outlet/inlet concentration ratios were in the range 1.9-7.2. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Implementation of air cleaning technologies for both VOCs and particles in office buildings may improve indoor air quality, or enable indoor air quality levels to be maintained with reduced outdoor air supply and concomitant energy savings. One promising air cleaning technology is ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation (UVPCO) air cleaning. For the prototype device evaluated here with realistic mixtures of VOCs, conversion efficiencies typically exceeded the minimum required to counteract predicted VOC concentration increases from a 50% reduction in ventilation. However, the device resulted in the net generation of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde from the partial oxidation of ubiquitous VOCs. Further development of the technology is needed to eliminate these hazardous air pollutants before such a UVPCO device can be deployed in buildings.     

净化空气多功能内墙涂料的制备及其性质研究

加入纳米TiO2作为光催化粉体,对传统建筑内墙涂料进行改性,使之具有较强的净化空气、杀菌抑菌的功能。从分散剂用量的确定、纳米TiO2用量的确定、PVC的确定三个方面来提高涂料本身的性能。对其光催化氧化降解甲醛进行了初步测试表明,对室内有害气体污染有较大的改善作用。     

纳米光催化活性炭纤维净化空气初探

本文重点介绍了纳米光催化原理、特点及纳米光催化或活性炭纤维单独净化空气时的优缺点,分析了将纳米光催化和活性炭纤维相结合的方式及优点。充分利用了纳米光催化技术和活性炭纤维的优点,达到了净化空气的目的。并对今后利用纳米光催化技术与活性炭纤维相结合用于净化空气的发展方向进行了展望。     

自来水厂深度净水工艺的发展与应用

介绍了活性炭及其联用技术、膜技术、臭氧氧化技术、光催化氧化以及高级消毒技术在饮用水水质深度净化方面的应用及其发展,并总结了各种技术的优缺点。     

新型活性炭吸附技术对降低某声学实验室甲醛浓度的实验研究

针对某声学实验室内甲醛污染物浓度严重超标的问题进行了实验分析,发现污染气体主要源头为制作声学实验室内壁的消声材料.针对实验室已建成并投入使用的实际情况,提出在实验室内设置具有浸渍铜锰氧化物的活性炭净化装置,以实现对甲醛的高效吸附.实验验证表明,浸渍铜锰氧化物的活性炭材料相比普通活性炭材料对甲醛的吸附效率明显提高,由普通...