施用沼肥对设施土壤固氮菌影响的研究

以有机质含量相同的猪粪、沼渣为基肥,以N,P,K含量相同的化肥与沼液为追肥,以L402番茄为供试作物,采用二裂式区组设计的方法.研究了沼肥、猪粪、化肥等不同施肥组合对设施土壤固氮菌动态变化的影响.试验结果表明:随着番茄生育期的推进,各施肥处理土壤自生固氮菌的数量逐渐增加,基施沼渣比基施猪粪有利于促进土壤自生固氮菌的生长;从番茄苗期到成熟期,追施化肥土壤自生固氮菌数量多于追施沼液土壤,猪粪与化肥配合施用、沼渣与沼液配合施用分别较猪粪与沼液配合施用、沼渣与化肥配合施用能更好地促进土壤自生同氮菌的繁殖.     

施用沼肥对保护地土壤微生物群落影响的研究

以等有机质含量的猪粪、沼渣为基肥,以等量N,P,K的化肥和沼液为追肥,采用二裂式区组设计的方法,研究了沼肥、猪粪、化肥等不同施肥组合对设施土壤微生物多样性指数动态变化的影响.结果表明:在番茄苗期和开花期,土壤微生物多样性指数较高,在坐果期最低.与施用猪粪、化肥相比,施用沼渣、沼液有利于土壤中多种微生物的均衡生长,有利于土壤微生物种群的均匀分布.     

干旱胁迫下沼渣对基质特性及草莓植株PSⅡ光化学活性的影响

以沼渣为基质原料,利用气体交换技术和快速叶绿素荧光诱导曲线技术,研究干旱胁迫下沼渣基质特性及植株光合变化规律.结果表明:基质中添加一定比例沼渣,改变了基质中微生物数量和比例,明显提高放线菌比例及减少真菌比例,有利于草莓植株发育及干物质的积累.沼渣:蛭石=1:3处理叶绿素荧光曲线出现J点,叶片PSⅡ受体侧和供体侧放氧复合...     

烟草施用沼肥有利于生长

烟草施用沼肥有利于生长沼肥是沼渣和沼液的总称，亦叫沼气的残留物。经化验，沼肥中含有２０多种常量和微量元素及较高的按离子，是烟草生长所必需的营养素。１．施用沼肥的烟苗成活率提高．由于施用沼渣作底肥，因土壤结构得到改善，加之肥中含有可利用的速效氮素，烟草...     

苇沟大型猪场猪粪沼渣在黄瓜栽培上的应用

用絮凝后的猪粪沼渣和沼水在黄瓜栽培上应用试验结果表明，用沼渣作基肥效稍优于等量Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｋ化肥，用沼水作追肥肥效明显低于等Ｎ化肥。沼渣中所含的Ｃａ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｇ，Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ，Ｍｏ等元素与黄瓜植株中所含的元素种类基本一致，长期应用沼渣可保持土壤肥力平衡，应用絮凝沼渣与化肥混合配成的复肥作基肥后，瓜中许多元素的含量低于其他处理，此现象可能与沼渣絮凝剂和加工工艺有关。     

沼肥对保护地番茄生长发育及其产量的影响

采用二裂式区组设计的方法，以番茄为供试作物，以沼肥（沼液、沼渣）、猪粪和化肥为肥料，研究了不同施肥措施对番茄生长发育及其产量的影响。结果表明：与施用化肥相比，施用沼液的番茄植株平均株高及根系体积有所增加，番茄产量略有降低；与施用猪粪相比，施用沼渣可促进植株茎秆的健壮生长及根系发育，番茄产量提高20．8％；与沼渣和化肥配合施用相比，沼渣与沼液配合施用促进了番茄植株的生长发育，其植株生长稳健，根系发达，而且番茄产量增加；与猪粪和化肥配合施用相比，猪粪与沼液配合施用促进了番茄植株的生长发育，其株高较高、茎秆粗壮、根系发达，但番茄产量下降。     

沼渣对能源生态模式日光温室改立作用的研究

沼渣对能源生态模式日光温室改立作用的研究辽宁省农科院陈维志，丁秀华温室生产中往往施用较多的化肥以求得较高的产量，而温室生产最大的特点是由于覆盖使温室土壤得不到雨水的冲刷，多年后必然造成盐类在土壤中积累，导致土壤性质恶化，对作物生产造成危害，生育不良而...     

利用沼气肥培植管理柑桔

沼气肥是经过厌氧发酵的无公害肥料,它不仅含氮、磷、钾全面,而且兼有有机肥与速效肥两者之优点,是一种优质的农家肥。另外,沼渣肥还含有大量的有机质、多种氨基酸、维生素、激素和微量元素,用作底肥既可改良土壤的团粒结构,使之具有良好的保水性和保肥性,又可促进作物生长发育,增强其抗病和抗腐能力,还可减少虫害。特别对柑桔树施用,可提高产量30%以上,而且果形个儿大,     

沼液沼渣的综合利用技术

沼液和沼渣总称为沼肥,是生物质经过沼气池厌氧发酵的产物。沼液中含有丰富的氮、磷、钾、钠、等营养元素。沼渣是由部分未分解的原料和新生的微生物菌体组成,分为三部分：一是有机质、腐殖酸,对改良土壤起着主要作用;二是氮、磷、钾等元素,满足作物生长需要;三是未腐熟原料,施入农田继续发酵,释放肥分。如何让农民更好地、最大限度地用好沼气,充分发挥出沼液、沼渣综合利用的经济效益,就必须掌握沼液、沼渣的综合利用关键技术,下面就其主要技术介绍如下。     

沼渣培育兰花

沼渣培育兰花福建是建兰的故乡．利用沼法培育建兰，。效果更好．例如：试验组的栽培基质中沼渣比例占３０Ｏ，配２０ｏ塘泥、５０Ｏ松毛上，使培养上既增加养分和通气性，又提高了保水、保肥、保温能力，利于兰花生长．表现为分经多、叶色绿、花期长、香气足．对照组不含...     

利用沼肥培育普陀水仙试验

介绍了2年生普陀水仙的施肥试验和结果,认为普陀水仙对养分的需求较高.在其商品球生长期施用沼肥可促进普陀水仙的生长,增大球径,延长开花期,增加其抗病性.结果表明,在普陀水仙生产中可以施用沼肥.     

小桐子在不同浓度沼液中发芽的研究

对小桐子在不同浓度沼液中发芽的情况进行了研究.结果表明:5%(质量分数,下同)沼液有利于小桐子发芽以及茎和叶的生长;5%,10%,20%,40%的沼液能降低小桐子种子的腐烂率;10%沼液对小桐子茎和叶的生长有促进作用,对根的生长有极明显的抑制作用:20%以上的沼液抑制小桐子发芽和茎、叶生长,且浓度越大抑制作用越强.     

Effects of hydrogen addition on the characteristics of a biogas diffusion flame

This work describes an experimental study of the effect of hydrogen addition on the stability and impingement heat transfer behaviors of a biogas diffusion flame. The amount of hydrogen added was varied from 5% to 10% of the biogas by volume. The results show that upon hydrogen addition in the biogas flame, there is a corresponding change in the appearance, stability and heat transfer characteristics of the flame.     

Anaerobic digestion of cider apple residues

Apple residue from the cider industry is used here for anaerobic fermentation. The effect of retention time and volatile solids concentration on the production of biogas and methane was investigated by using continuously mixed anaerobic fermentors with a working volume of 1 1. The maximum proportions of biogas and methane obtained were 430 1 biogas/kg per day (12 days' retention time and 3% of volatile solids) and 281 1 of methane per day (a retention time of 30 days and 2% of volatile solids), respectively.     

秸秆气固燃料二元联产的可行性与经济性研究

以玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆为研究对象,通过测定二者厌氧发酵后的沼气、沼渣产量及热值,探讨秸秆气固燃料二元联产的综合能源利用效率与经济效益。结果表明,由于发酵后秸秆沼渣中木质素含量增大,沼渣热值也有所增大;沼渣成型燃料密度、机械耐久性等特性均优于原秸秆;秸秆气固燃料二元联产综合能源利用效率较秸秆直接燃烧可提高40%~50%(以发电量计);因免除收集、运输和粉碎等成本,秸秆沼渣生产成型燃料的综合成本较秸秆压块单独生产模式可节省46.4%。     

The effect of hydrogen addition on biogas non-premixed jet flame stability in a co-flowing air stream

An investigation of the stability limits of biogas jet non-premixed (diffusion) flames in a co-flowing air stream was conducted. The stability limits were determined experimentally for two different methane–carbon dioxide mixtures that represent the typical biogas composition. Moreover, the effect of jet nozzle diameter was also investigated. It was found that with the presence of a significant amount of CO₂ in the fuel, the stability limits were very low and the flames can only be stabilized over a very small range of co-flowing air velocities. As expected, an increase in carbon dioxide concentration resulted in the narrowing of the region for stable flames. However, it was shown that the flame stability of such mixtures can be enhanced very significantly over a much wider range of co-flowing air velocities by introducing a small amount of hydrogen into the fuel. Results obtained in the current experimental setup indicate that an increase in the stability limits by approximately four-fold when 10% (by vol.) of hydrogen is added under the same operating conditions. The effect of the addition of hydrogen on the enhancement of biogas stability is most significant with a 10% initial addition. The degree of enhancement diminishes with further increases in hydrogen addition from 10% to 30%.     

Enhancement of biogas/air combustion by hydrogen addition at elevated temperatures

In this study, combustion characteristics of various biogas/air mixtures with hydrogen addition at elevated temperatures were experimentally investigated using bunsen burner method. Methane, CH₄, was diluted with different concentrations of carbon dioxide, CO₂, 30 to 40% by volume, to prepare the biogas for testing. It is followed by the hydrogen, H₂, enrichment within the range of 0 to 40% by volume and the temperature elevation of unburned gas till 440 K. Blowoff velocities were measured by lowering the jet velocity until a premixed flame could be stabilized at the nozzle exit, while laminar burning velocities were calculated by analyzing the shape of the directly captured premixed bunsen flames. The results showed that hydrogen had a positive effect on the blowoff velocity for all three fuel samples. Nonlinear growth of the blowoff velocity with hydrogen addition was associated to the dominance of methane-inhibited hydrogen combustion process. It was also observed that the increase in the initial temperature of the unburned mixture led to a linear increase of the blowoff velocity. Moreover, specific changes in flame structure such as flame height, standoff distance, and the existence of tip opening were attributed to the change in the blowoff velocity. The effect of CO₂ content in the mixture was examined with regards to laminar burning velocity for all compositions. The outcome of the experiment showed that the biogas mixture with higher content of CO₂ possessed lower values of laminar burning velocity over the wide range of equivalence ratios. A reduced GRI-Mech 3.0 was used to simulate the combustion of biogas/air mixtures with different compositions using ANSYS Fluent. The numerically simulated stable conical flames were compared with the experimental flames, in terms of flame structure, showing that the reduced GRI-Mech 3.0 was suitable for modeling the combustion of biogas/air mixtures.     

The effect of total solids concentration and temperature on biogas production by anaerobic digestion

This paper analyzed the effect of total solids (TS) concentration and temperature on biogas production from anaerobic digestion with dairy manure. Batch experiments were carried out for TS concentrations of 6%, 8%, and 10%, respectively, at five different temperatures (31, 34, 37, 40, and 43°C). Results showed that two factors both had significant effect on biogas production. The optimal condition for anaerobic digestion was 8% TS concentration at the temperature of 40°C. Under such condition, the biogas production is much better than the others and the yield peaked higher. Daily biogas production of 8% was more than those test groups which are 6% and 10% under the same temperature. When TS concentration was 8%, the rank of total biogas production of different digestion temperature test was 40 ＞ 37 ＞ 34 ＞ 43 ＞ 31°C, the biogas production of the 31, 34, 37, 40, and 43°C was 0.123, 0.159, 0.171, 0.205, and 0.153 L/g, respectively.