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阐述了太阳能光伏电池积灰的成因、积灰的物理及化学性质和形态分类,解释了积灰的遮挡效应、腐蚀效应和热斑效应,应用MATLAB应用软件搭建光伏电池及光伏发电仿真系统,研究积灰阴影遮挡对光伏发电系统的影响。分析光伏发电系统的原理,利用MATLAB建立光伏发电系统模型,利用搭建好的模型针对光伏组件的积灰与局部阴影来进行仿真,用定性和定量分析积灰与阴影遮挡对光伏组件及其发电系统的影响,指出了对于光伏板组件上积灰清洗的重要性。 相似文献
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光伏发电系统安装地点确定之后,其发电量主要受到光伏组件安装倾角和节距的影响。文章首先建立了光伏电池发电模型和斜面上的辐照度模型,以西安某公司的光伏发电系统为例,计算了不同倾角和节距下光伏阵列的年发电量。结果表明:在没有阴影遮挡的情况下,光伏组件在西安地区的最佳安装倾角为32°;在有阴影遮挡的情况下,节距越小,最佳倾角越小。光伏阵列的节距减小时,组件的发电量减少,利用效率降低。但是,由于组件安装量增多,单个组件占地面积减少,总安装容量增大,发电量增大。此计算方法可为光伏组件安装倾角和节距的选择提供参考。 相似文献
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局部阴影遮挡的太阳电池组件输出特性实验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
结合太阳电池双二极管与雪崩击穿效应数学模型,设计太阳电池组件遮挡实验,并对组件性能进行实际测试。分别在有、无旁通二极管两种情况下,分析比较单片太阳电池小比例(1%~10%)、大比例(10%~100%)遮挡及多片电池阴影遮挡的太阳电池组件输出的I-V及P-V特性曲线。结果表明,有、无旁通二极管情况下,组件单片电池被遮挡1%~10%,整个组件输出功率下降比例均不超过2%,同一串电池片之间可允许存在小的功率差异或表面辐照强度差异(<5%)。同组件无旁通二极管多个电池遮挡实验显示,电池出现热斑效应时会被反向击穿,实验组件击穿电压约15V,为避免热斑损害,组件中应对少于15/0.6=25片串联电池并联一个旁通二极管。 相似文献
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3月21日,显示器、太阳能与电池策略事业部及多项技术组合的高科技工程企业Manz集团,在中国安装的铜铟镓硒薄膜光伏组件展现了电池整厂生产设备CIGSfab具备的卓越产品质量.此光伏组件由Manz集团位于Schw(a)bisch-Hall研究厂的铜铟镓硒创新生产线(Manz于20 1 2年初收购Würth Solar而获得此生产线)生产. 相似文献
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该文采用Aspen Plus软件建立膜反应器重整制氢及燃料电池模型,根据拉萨某日太阳能直接辐射强度(DNI)变化计算太阳能可供使用的能量,作为外热源输入重整系统,并分析反应温度、水碳比(S/C)及DNI对该系统各性能指标的影响,性能指标包括甲烷转化率、H2收率、电池功率及电压、太阳能转换为氢能的效率。结果表明:反应温度为500 ℃,S/C为2.5时有利于太阳能甲烷湿重整反应;系统日性能结果显示在某日10:00—20:00时,电池输出功率120 kW,太阳能-化学能转化效率0.368,系统发电效率0.225。 相似文献
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鉴于太阳能资源的测量和评价是太阳能开发利用的重要基础,按照光伏电池两种主要安装方式(倾斜固定和太阳跟踪),利用单晶、多晶和非晶三种典型的光伏组件设计进行了太阳能光伏资源观测试验,获得了各季节典型晴天条件下各类型光伏组件辐照度的日变化特征和倾斜面光伏组件一年中月均每日可发电量的极大值、极小值及其月份。通过对比各类型光伏组件在太阳跟踪器上和纬度倾斜面上光伏辐照度变化,得出跟踪光伏组件日均光伏曝辐量与倾斜光伏组件日均光伏曝辐量的相比较优势。根据光伏组件的观测结果推算出各类型光伏组件的光伏反演辐照度,与气象辐射观测用总辐射表的总辐射辐照度趋势非常一致,在太阳能光伏主要利用时段相对误差基本在10%以内。 相似文献
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Experimental study for natural ventilation on a solar chimney 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Arce M.J. Jimnez J.D. Guzmn M.R. Heras G. Alvarez J. Xamn 《Renewable Energy》2009,34(12):2928-2934
Thermal performance of a solar chimney for natural ventilation was experimentally investigated. The experimental model was implemented on full scale and real meteorological conditions, so that experimental results will be compared with the simulation results. The results show that for a maximum irradiance of 604 W/m2, occurring around 13:00 h on September 15th, 2007, a maximum air temperature increment of 7 °C was obtained through the solar chimney. Also, a volumetric air flow rate ranging from 50 to 374 m3/h was measured on that day. Thus, an average air flow rate of 177 m3/h was achieved from 0:00 h to 24:00 h. The experimental solar chimney discharge coefficient, Cd, was 0.52. This coefficient is useful to determine the mass flow rate in the solar chimney design. It was observed that the air flow rate through the solar chimney is influenced by a pressure difference between input and output, caused by thermal gradients and wind velocity, mainly. 相似文献
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在塔式太阳能热发电系统中,吸热器采光面上的聚光能流密度分布的测量对优化整个系统的光热性能有着重要意义。本文提出一种基于月光聚光信息的塔式电站定日镜场聚光能流密度分布的间接测量方法。主要介绍2018年9月24日晚在延庆塔式电站开展的两种对月聚光实验:一种是通过塔上布置的照度计标定电荷耦合元件(Charge-coupled Device, CCD)相机拍摄的光斑图像,得到定日镜场聚光光斑的照度分布;另一种是使聚光光斑扫描过照度计,得到不同时刻的照度计数值,通过高斯拟合得到聚光光斑的照度分布。将聚光光斑的照度分布与月光测光站测得的月光法向直射照度对比,得到塔上聚光光斑的相对能流密度分布。实验结果表明,通过月光聚光实验,可以得到塔式电站的聚光光斑的相对能流密度分布(即聚光比分布),为后续依据太阳和月亮之间的亮度分布关系,转换为日光聚光能流密度分布提供实验数据支持。 相似文献
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为提高装置热利用效率,减少外部换热环节减少热损失、减少盐垢、提高集热器使用寿命,研究一种利用复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)为系统供能,建造小型太阳能海水淡化系统。实验研究发现:在系统稳态条件下,系统产水量一天可达7908 g,最高小时产水量在12:00达861 g/h,脱盐率达99.9%以上,瞬时系统装置性能GOR (gained output ratio)最高为1.14,最高瞬时有用能为1114.9 W,在太阳辐照度达到最高1072 W/m2时,此时加湿箱湿度达到最大湿度为97%,11:30—16:00加湿箱湿度一直在90%以上。 相似文献
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Mehmet Bilgili 《Solar Energy》2011,85(11):2720-2731
A solar electric-vapor compression refrigeration (SE-VCR) system has been proposed in this study. The SE-VCR system was investigated for different evaporating temperatures and months in Adana city located in the southern region of Turkey. First, the hourly cooling load capacities (heat gain) of a sample building during the 23rd days of May, June, July, August and September months were determined by using meteorological data such as hourly average solar radiations and atmospheric temperatures. The hourly total heat gain of the sample building comprised of wall, window, humans, illumination and devices were determined by using the Cooling Load Hourly Analysis Program (HAP) 4.4. Then, the hourly variations of various parameters such as coefficient of the performance, condenser capacity and compressor power consumption were calculated. In addition, the minimum photovoltaic panel surface area was determined to meet the compressor power demand according to the hourly average solar radiation data. For evaporating temperature Te = 0 °C, the maximum compressor power consumption was obtained as 2.53 kW at 15:00 PM on August 23. The required photovoltaic panel surface area was found to be around 31.26 m2. It was determined that the SE-VCR system could be used for home/office-cooling purposes during the day in the southern region of Turkey. 相似文献
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Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is usually used for a solar power system. Many maximum power tracking techniques have been considered in the past. The microprocessors with appropriate MPPT algorithms are favored because of their flexibility and compatibility with different solar arrays. Although the efficiency of MPPT algorithms is usually high, it drops noticeably in case of rapidly changing illumination conditions. The authors have proposed an improved MPPT algorithm based on the fact that the maximum power point (MPP) of solar arrays can be tracked accurately. The principle of energy conservation is used to develop the large- and small-signal model and transfer function for the solar power system. The work was carried out by both simulation and experiment on a current converter, by the digital signal processor (DSP) control, in MPPT mode under different illuminations. The results show that the proposed MPPT algorithm has successfully tracked the MPP in rapidly changing illumination conditions. 相似文献
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S. Ayyash 《Energy Conversion and Management》1981,21(2):163-169
For absorption cooling systems to operate and produce their cooling effects they need both thermal and electrical energy, while vapor compression systems need electrical energy only. When operating on solar energy the absorption system may receive all its thermal energy needs from solar sources while its electrical needs (parasitic power) are to be supplied from conventional sources. In order to conduct a fair comparison between the two cooling systems, it is proposed to supply both systems with equal amounts of conventional power and to supplement the rest of their needs from solar sources. A solar coefficient of performance, defined as the ratio of the refrigeration effect to the solar radiation input, is introduced and used for comparing some parameters of engineering ane economic importance in both systems. Economic analysis of solar cooling systems indicates that their initial cost is a function of both their design capacities and the number of hours of full load operation required to fulfill the total daily cooling demand. It indicates, also, that the initial cost of both solar cooling systems would break even before the cost of their respective solar conversion devices do. 相似文献
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通过TRNSYS软件搭建了复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)集热器太阳能热水系统模型,对广州地区某小型别墅的太阳能热水系统进行了设计,并观察系统在1年(8760 h)中的运行情况。选取了系统在4个典型日的运行情况进行分析,得到了CPC集热器在春分日和冬至日的最高出口温度分别为67.5℃和68.2℃,在夏至日和秋分日的最高出口温度分别为85.7℃和83.3℃。CPC集热器的集热效率随进口流量的增大而增大,随进口温度的下降而升高;经测试,CPC集热器的最佳安装倾角为22°。对CPC集热器和平板集热器的集热性能进行比较后发现,二者的集热功率基本均随太阳辐照度的增加而增加,在冬至日12:00~15:00这个时段,CPC集热器的集热功率是平板集热器的1.5倍。 相似文献