中国整体煤气化联合循环电厂的经济性估算模型

在实际整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)工程项目进行详细的经济性计算之前,通常需要进行估算,从而对项目的经济性有较为清楚的了解.将国外估算模型与国内目前燃气轮机联合循环电厂的实际经济数据相对比,以获取较为准确的参照标定,确定适用于我国的关键参数和各类计算因子,并对其基本方法进行一定的改进,从而最终建立适用于我国的IGCC经济性估算模型.     

基于PNGV模型储能锂电池参数辨识及SOC估算研究

锂电池因具有比能量高、循环寿命长、对环境无污染等优点,在储能系统中已逐渐得到应用.准确估算锂电池的荷电状态(SOC)可防止电池过充、过放,保障电池安全、充分地使用.为了精确估算储能锂电池SOC,基于PNGV(partnership for a new generation of vehicles)电池等效模型,利用递推最小二乘法(RLS)对模型参数进行在线辨识和实时修正,增强了系统的适应性.结合安时法、开路电压法和PNGV模型,提出了一种实时在线修正SOC算法.根据实验数据,建立了仿真模型,以验算模型和SOC估算算法的精度.仿真结果表明,PNGV模型能真实地模拟电池特性,且能有效地提高SOC估算精度,适合长时间在线估算储能锂电池的SOC.     

气化参数对IGCC系统中气化炉性能的影响

首先单独对气化炉出口合成气成分含量进行核算,计算结果与文献基本吻合.然后建立200 MW级整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)系统模型,对基本参数下的IGCC系统进行计算,得出整个系统的性能参数.最后对不同气化参数温度、水煤浆浓度、氧气浓度、O/C比的气化炉性能及其整个IGCC系统效率进行比较,分析不同气化条件下的合成气成分体积含量、冷煤气效率、有效气(CO+H2)体积含量、比氧耗、比煤耗及整个IGCC系统效率的变化.结果表明:提高水煤浆的浓度,有利于提高气化炉的冷煤气效率;气化温度对IGCC系统性能影响较大;提高氧气浓度有利于提高气化冷气效率和系统的效率,本系统对应的最佳O/C比为1.02左右.     

基于在线参数辨识和改进2RC-PNGV模型的锂离子电池建模与SOC估算研究

锂电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)的准确估计对电池安全监测与能量的高效利用具有重要意义.提出一种新的验证模型,首先对电池新一代汽车合作伙伴(PNGV)模型进行改进,考虑电池充放电的差异,加入了二极管电阻的并联网络来代替传统PNGV模型的内阻,在此基础上,增加了一个RC的并联网络来表征电池的动静态特性.以三元锂电池为研究对象,通过遗忘因子最小二乘法(forgetting factor recursive least square,FFRLS)对改进模型进行在线参数辨识,并提出了主充电、放电实验对锂电池工作特性进行仿真分析,通过FFRLS-EKF算法在DST工况下对SOC进行估算.实验结果表明,改进的2RC-PNGV模型能够较好地反映锂电池工作特性,HPPC实验的平均电压误差为0.17％,模型具有较高的精度.主充电过程SOC平均估算误差为0.957％,最大估算误差为5.03％;主放电过程SOC平均估算误差为0.807％,最大估算误差为3.38％,表明改进的2RC-PNGV模型与联合估计算法均可用于SOC实际估算.     

基于模型的柴油机Urea-SCR系统闭环控制策略仿真

针对某型柴油机的尿素选择性催化还原(Urea-SCR)系统,在相关SCR化学反应特性试验的基础上,考虑到NH_3泄漏引起的NO_x传感器交叉敏感问题,采用Matlab/Simulink建立了基于模型的SCR闭环控制策略,主要包括动态床温估算模型、起喷温度控制模型、基于NO_x传感器的原机NO_x排放估算模型、空速计算子模型、目标转化效率修正模型、尿素水溶液换算子模型、NH_3泄漏峰值修正以及储氨修正模型等.在此基础上搭建了基于Simulink和GT-Power的耦合仿真平台,并对SCR控制策略进行模型验证.结果表明:柴油机最终NO_x排放为1.92,g/(k W·h),NH_3泄漏的平均体积分数值为9.26×10~(-6),能达到国Ⅴ排放标准.     

整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)特点综述及产业化前景分析

介绍了整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)的发展现状及趋势,重点对IGCC关键技术和设备进行了阐述,并对IGCC的产业化前景进行了分析.     

整体煤气化联合循环-IGCC发电技术探讨

简要介绍了IGCC技术的工艺流程、设备及其主要特点,对IGCC的一些关键技术(气化炉的选择和煤气化技术)进行了分析和探讨,对IGCC存在问题提出了建议,并对其前景进行了展望.     

输运床气化炉IGCC系统在不同净化方案配置下的热力性能比较

以输运床气化炉和E级燃气轮机为基础,构建了采用湿法除尘+低温脱硫、干法除尘+低温脱硫、干法除尘+中温脱硫和干法除尘+高温脱硫等4种净化方案的整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)系统.应用输运床气化炉平衡模型和燃气轮机变工况模型,在相同的NOx排放标准和燃气轮机阎站煤气进气温度的条件下,对采用不同净化工艺方案的输运床IGCC系统的热力性能进行了计算和比较.结果表明:采用干法除尘+中温脱硫净化方案的输运床IGCC系统的供电效率为42.22%,比采用湿法除尘+低温脱硫方案的IGCC系统高1.34%;燃气轮机煤气进气温度的升高有利于提高IGCC系统的供电效率.     

基于统一基准的整体煤气化联合循环系统效率分析

对于具有多物流输出的复杂能量系统,需要采用统一的基准来确定离开系统的各股能量流占输入能量的份额.基于系统的能量平衡,提出采用能量转换因子描述燃料化学能在输出物流及功流、热流中的分配方法.以德士古气化炉激冷流程的整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)系统为例,给出了统一基准的能流图;对IGCC各子单元的能量利用效率进行了定义,并推导出IGCC系统的发电效率.结果表明:该方法为理解多物流输出的复杂系统的能量转换和利用过程提供了新的思路.     

环保高效的整体煤气化燃气-蒸汽联合循环

对整体煤气化燃气-蒸汽联合循环(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle简称IGCC)的技术、环保和节能的特点以及当前面临的问题进行论述.同时对IGCC相关新技术、新概念、新循环的研究及发展前景进行展望.     

IGCC及多联产系统的发展和关键技术

本文介绍了IGCC及多联产技术在国内外的发展概况,介绍了我国IGCC技术的近期发展目标、远期发展目标以及IGCC多联产技术的发展规划,分析了目前国内发展IGCC及多联产系统的关键技术和发展前景。     

CO2 capture study in advanced integrated gasification combined cycle

This paper presents the results of technical and economic studies in order to evaluate, in the French context, the future production cost of electricity from IGCC coal power plants with CO₂ capture and the resulting cost per tonne of CO₂ avoided. The economic evaluation shows that the total cost of base load electricity produced in France by coal IGCC power plants with CO₂ capture could be increased by 39% for ‘classical’ IGCC and 28% for ‘advanced’ IGCC. The cost per tonne of avoided CO₂ is lower by 18% in ‘advanced’ IGCC relatively to ‘classical’ IGCC. The approach aimed to be as realistic as possible for the evaluation of the energy penalty due to the integration of CO₂ capture in IGCC power plants. Concerning the CO₂ capture, six physical and chemical absorption processes were modeled with the Aspen Plus™ software. After a selection based on energy performance three processes were selected and studied in detail: two physical processes based on methanol and Selexol™ solvents, and a chemical process using activated MDEA. For ‘advanced’ IGCC operating at high-pressure, only one physical process is assessed: methanol.     

通过联产甲醇提高整体煤气化联合循环系统的变负荷性能

整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)是最有前景的清洁煤发电技术之一,但由于经济性和操作灵活性的不足,其发展受到了限制.将IGCC系统与甲醇合成系统耦合,通过联产甲醇可以提高系统的负荷调节能力,同时改善IGCC电站的经济性.以实际案例定量地分析了保持联产系统气化单元满负荷运行时,调节合成气在化工单元和电力单元的分配来调节电力负荷的能力.结果表明:通过设计合成单元设备容量盈余.可以实现保持气化炉运行工况不变而改变电力输出负荷;而联产甲醇增强了煤气化发电的操作灵活性.     

IGCC气化炉水循环计算与分析

以某整体煤气化联合循环（IGCC）气化炉为例,通过建立控制循环水系统数学模型进行了计算和分析,解：央复杂结构IGCC气化炉水系统流量、热量分配和阻力平衡问题．结果表明：高循环倍率使足够的循环水量流过受热面,能确保受热面不发生传热恶化;气化炉上段三组水冷壁管组在目标流量下压降很大,若优化布置结构、简化汽水流程,并尽量避免汽水混合物沿受热管道向下流动,则能有效提高效率、降低成本．     

基于蒙特卡罗模拟的EPC项目投标报价方法

在EPC模式下的工程建设招投标中,投标报价的合理确定不仅决定投标人能否中标,且对工程项目中标后的盈利和亏损亦起到关键作用。在分析EPC项目投标报价的风险因素基础上,研究了各风险因素的分布规律,利用蒙特卡罗随机模拟的方法,将EPC项目投标报价中的随机风险因素拟合成随机变量进行模拟,从而得到合理的投标报价。实例应用结果表明,在考虑各随机风险因素的情况下,得出的工程造价范围比较符合工程建设实际所发生的费用,且具有较高的可信度。在置信水平不同时,工程造价的取值范围也不同,因此需根据承包商的风险偏好来确定最终的投标报价。     

Comparative analysis of Fischer-Tropsch and integrated gasification combined cycle biomass utilization

Use of agricultural biomass (switchgrass, prairie grasses) through Fischer-Tropsch (FT) conversion to liquid fuels is compared with biomass utilization via (IGCC) integrated gasification combined cycle electrical production. In the IGCC scenario, biomass is co-fired with coal, with biomass comprising 10% of the fuel input by energy content. In this case, the displaced coal is processed via FT methods so that liquid fuels are produced in both scenarios. Overall performance of the two options is compared on the basis of total energy yield (electricity, liquid fuels), carbon dioxide emissions, and total cost. Total energy yield is almost identical whether biomass is used for electrical power generation or liquid fuels synthesis. Carbon dioxide emissions are also approximately equal for the two pathways. Capital costs are more difficult to compare since scaling factors cause considerable uncertainty. With IGCC costs roughly equivalent for either scenario, cost differences between the pathways appear based on FT plant construction cost. Coal FT facility capital cost estimates for the plant scale in this study (721 MW_t LHV input) are estimated to be 410 (MUSD) million US Dollars while the similar scale biomass-only FT plant costs range from 430 MUSD to 590 MUSD.     

Production of power using underground coal gasification

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a process that converts deep, un-mineable coal resources into syngas, which can then be converted into valuable end products such as electric power. This paper provides a summary of the options to combine UCG with electric power production and focuses on commercial-scale applications using a combined-cycle power plant including integration options and syngas cleanup steps. Simulation results for a UCG power plant with carbon capture are compared against the results for an equivalent Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plant using the same feedstock. Relative capital cost savings for a UCG power plant are estimated based on published IGCC process unit costs. The UCG power plant with carbon capture is shown to provide a higher thermal efficiency, lower CO₂ intensity, and lower capital cost than an equivalent IGCC plant. Finally, the potential of UCG as a method for producing cost-effective, low-emissions electrical power from deep coal is discussed and some of the challenges and opportunities are summarized.     

Study on different zero CO2 emission IGCC systems with CO2 capture by integrating OTM

In this paper, different zero CO₂ emission integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems based on the oxy‐fuel combustion method by integrating with oxygen ion transfer membrane (OTM) with and without sweep gas are proposed in order to reduce the energy consumption of CO₂ capture. By utilizing the Aspen Plus software, the overall system models are established. The performances of the proposed systems are compared with the traditional IGCC system without CO₂ capture and the zero CO₂ emission IGCC system based on the oxy‐fuel combustion method using the cryogenic air separation unit. In addition, the effects of OTM key parameters on the proposed system performance, such as the feed side pressure, permeate side pressure, and operating temperature, are investigated and analyzed. The results show that the efficiency of the zero CO₂ emission IGCC system based on the oxy‐fuel combustion method integrated with OTM without sweep gas is 6.67% lower than that of the traditional IGCC system without CO₂ capture, but 1.88% higher than that of the zero CO₂ emission IGCC system using the cryogenic air separation unit, and 0.64% lower than that of the proposed system with sweep gas. The research achievements will provide valuable references for further study on CO₂ capture based on IGCC with lower energy penalty. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多联产配置是推进我国IGCC系统发展的重要途径

分析了IGCC电站在我国及世界的发展形势,并从经济和技术角度分析了影响其发展的主要因素,重点对多联产系统相对IGCC电站具有更好的经济性和操作灵活性进行分析。提出通过多联产系统来推进IGCC这种清洁煤发电技术发展的观点。