江西省能源研究会第三届理事会工作报告

尊敬的各位领导、各位来宾、各位代表: 江西省能源研究会自第三届代表大会召开以来,在省科协、省民政厅的领导和政府有关部门的支持下,在中国能源研究会的指导下,在各专业委员会、各位理事和会员的共同努力下,遵循研究会的宗旨,积极发挥研究会的社会学术团体的优势,通过开展学术交流、科学普及、人才培训、编辑出版、国际交流和咨询服务等活动,为提高我省能源科学技术水平和能源管理水平,促使我省能源事业的健康发展发挥了积极的作用.     

加强建设项目环境保护管理工作

根据北京市环境状况公告的统计数据,2003年,全市国内生产总值为3663.1亿元,总人口达到1456.4万人,能源总消耗4707.5万tce.同时,能源需求不断增加,机动车数量快速增长,水资源持续短缺,给首都环境质量和生态改善工作带来较大压力.北京现在已经是一个大工地,近几年每年施工建设的开复工面积均在1亿m2左右,背后包含着若干个大大小小的建设项目.如何处理好建设项目在实施过程中与环境保护的关系,值得我们认真思考、总结.     

整合区域资源做强产业集团——江苏元升太阳能集团在京举行新闻发布会

1月5日下午,主题为"整合区域资源,做强产业集团"的江苏元升太阳能集团新闻发布会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行.出席发布会的有国家质检总局、国家名牌推进委员会等十几个单位的领导和专家,江苏元升太阳能集团所在的省市相关部门领导也出席了发布会.来自40多家新闻单位的记者参加了此次发布会.     

不同浓度沼液对反季大叶芹产量和质量的影响

试验研究了不同浓度的沼液对温室反季大叶芹产量和质量的影响,试验结果表明:不同浓度的沼液对反季大叶芹都具有增产作用,其中质量分数为50%的沼液效果最佳,产量比对照增产48.1%.同时,施用沼液为生产无公害绿色反季大叶芹创造了条件,达到了增产增收的目的.     

浅谈九江-南昌-樟树成品油管道工程对当地社会经济的影响

管道运输既是一种适合于油品特性的运输方式,又可以解决目前成品油运输成本高、能耗大、损耗高、安全性差和不利于环境和生态保护等一系列难题.九江-南昌-樟树成品油管道工程的兴建将对改善当地成品油的运输结构以及缓解江西省内铁路的运输紧张状况起到重大作用,可以尽快从根本上解决管道沿线地区成品油运输难的问题,满足地区经济发展的需要,实现生产力布局与交通运输布局的合理结合,加快地方经济的发展.     

新加坡的交通污染控制

随着经济的增长与城市化的扩张,交通堵塞及机动车气体排放导致的大气污染日益严重,成为多数国家的环境难题.着重介绍新加坡在解决这一问题方面的实践,以期关于这些政策和方法的考察对我国有所借鉴意义.     

Enhancement of Thermo-Flow Performances by Windbreakers for Two-Tower Indirect Dry Cooling System

The winds will greatly weaken the cooling performance of indirect dry cooling system with twin towers.The exterior windbreakers are recommended to restrain the wind adverse effects in this paper.The macro heat exchanger model was adopted to simulate the heat exchange between circulating water and ambient air.The performances of natural draft dry cooling system(NDDCS)with and without exterior windbreakers were numerically studied.The pressure,velocity and temperature distribution of cooling air in wind angles of 0°,45°and 90°was obtained and presented.The results show that in all wind directions,the performances for lateral sector of towers with windbreakers are significantly improved,but the low-pressure zone appears unexpectedly for the rear sectors,which reduces the air flow rate.The cooling performances of the twin towers with or without windbreakers decrease at first but then recover with the wind velocity increasing.Besides,the optimal flow and heat transfer performances appear in the wind angle of 0°.The cooling performances can be significantly improved in all three wind directions due to windbreaker configuration.     

Investigation of Heat Transfer Augmentation between the Ribbed Plates via Taguchi Approach and Computational Fluid Dynamics

Heat transfer and turbulent flow characteristics between the ribbed plates have been numerically studied in the present paper.The ribs with the rectangular cross-section have been placed on the top and the bottom plates of the duct,symmetrically.It is assumed that the fluid at 300 K has entered the system while the walls kept at 400 K.All numerical analyses have been performed by k-ωShear Stress Transport(SST)turbulence model for Re=10000,15000 and 20000.For the fixed rib width,the dimensionless height and the dimensionless spacing have been respectively varied as 0.1≤h’≤0.3 and 0.5≤S’≤1,and the results have been compared with the ones of the smooth plate.Even though there are twenty-seven cases obtained as a result of parametric combinations,the number of various cases has been reduced from twenty-seven to only nine different variations by applying the Taguchi method.Furthermore,the effects of all the considered parameters on the heat transfer and flow characteristics have been determined in terms of the influence degree.The optimum parameters for Nusselt number and pressure loss have been ascertained individually.What is more,the almost exact values for Nusselt number and pressure loss have also been attained by the confirmation test having an error percentage of 6%.The most dominant factor has been determined as the rib height due to its effect on both heat transfer and flow characteristics.Similarly,with respect to the numerical results,increasing the rib height,the rib spacing and Reynolds number has separately increased Nusselt number.Nevertheless,symmetrical flow structure has been disturbed as a result of ascending the rib height as clearly seen for h’=0.3 from the charts.In the meantime,pressure loss has been augmented owing to the increment of the geometrical parameters and also Reynolds number.h’=0.1 with S’=0.5 at Re=10000,h’=0.2 with S’=0.5 at Re=15000 and h’=0.1 with S’=0.75 at Re=15000 can be suggested for the heat transfer enhancement since the pressure loss of the system is tolerated.     

Experimental Study on Jet Impingement Boiling Heat Transfer in Brass Beads Packed Porous Layer

Jet impingement boiling has been widely used in industrial facilities as its higher heat transfer coefficient(HTC)and critical heat flux(CHF)can be achieved in comparison with the pool boiling.By covering beads packed porous layer on the heated wall surface,the enlarged heat transfer area and rise of nucleation sites for boiling occur,thus,the heat transfer performance of boiling can be enhanced.For the jet impingement boiling with brass bead packed porous layers,the heat transfer performance is crucially influenced by the characteristics of porous layer and working fluid flow,so the experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the jet flow rate,fluid inlet subcooling,number of porous layer and brass bead diameter of porous layer.Comparison study shows that impingement boiling promotes the HTC and CHF as 1.5 times and 2.5 times respectively as pool boiling at similar conditions.Higher heat transfer performance can be obtained in the cases of a higher jet flow rate and a higher fluid inlet subcooling,and there exist the optimal layer number and bead diameter for heat transfer.Particularly,a double-layer porous layer results in an increase of 39%in heat flux at superheat of 30 K compared with a single-layer case;a single porous layer at d=8 mm brings an increase of 23%in heat flux at superheat of 30 K compared with that of bare plain surface.Besides,the actual scene of jet impingement boiling was recorded with a camera to investigate the behavior evolution of vapor bubbles which is highly correlated to the heat transfer process.     

Numerical Simulation of Dual-Phase-Lag Model and Inverse Fractional Single-Phase-Lag Problem for the Non-Fourier Heat Conduction in a Straight Fin

In recent years,many studies have been done on heat transfer in the fin under unsteady boundary conditions using Fourier and non-Fourier models.In this paper,unsteady non-Fourier heat transfer in a straight fin having an internal heat source under periodic temperature at the base was investigated by solving numerically Dual-Phase-Lag and Fractional Single-Phase-Lag models.In this way,the governing equations of these models were presented for heat conduction analysis in the fin,and their results of the temperature distribution were validated using the theoretical results of Single and Dual-Phase-Lag models.After that,for the first time the order of fractional derivation and heat flux relaxation time of the fractional model were obtained for the straight fin problem under periodic temperature at the base using Levenberg-Marquardt parameter estimation method.To solve the inverse fractional heat conduction problem,the numerical results of Dual-Phase-Lag model were used as the inputs.The results obtained from Fractional Single-Phase-Lag model could predict the fin temperature distribution at unsteady boundary condition at the base as well as the Dual-Phase-Lag model could.     

Unerroric of control of mutual compliance of the efficiency of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles in the conditions of mass production

The issues related to the reliability of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles and increasing the efficiency of using hydrogen as fuel when using the method of its production during the decomposition of hydrogen-containing molecules of liquid-phase organic compounds in a plasma discharge under the action of intense ultrasonic exposure are considered. Experiments have shown that as a result of decomposition in the acoustoplasma discharge of liquid hydrocarbons, solid-phase carbon-containing products are formed, chemical transformations occur in the liquid phase and hydrogen-containing combustible gas is formed. Hydrogen-containing gas can be used as fuel immediately after synthesis, i.e. it does not require separation, since in addition to hydrogen it contains only impurities of CO₂ and water vapor. The purpose of the study is to formalize the basic conditions for tightening the control of mutual compliance with the efficiency of hydrogen engines of the same series in the conditions of their mass production. Methods of mathematical statistics and hardware-software modeling were used in the study. The term “unerroric of quality mutual compliance control” is introduced to describe a set of hardware and software tools for such control. The principle of in-depth testing of the technical condition of such engines of one series is described in a multidimensional formulation of the quality control problem for three of their operating parameters at once. The conditions for increasing the mutual correspondence of the measured values of such parameters in the conditions of serial production of hydrogen engines are formalized.     

关于发展天然气电厂的讨论

世界发电燃料结构在不断的转换过程中。18世纪60年代从薪柴转到煤炭,19世纪到20世纪初大量发展燃煤电厂;20世纪20年代又从煤炭转向石油和天然气,20年代上半叶又大量发展燃油电厂;20世纪末由于天然气生产的发展,天然气因环境影响小,受到工业发达国家的青睐,加速发展天然气电厂。我国70年代初和90年代曾两次发展燃油电厂,由于石油危机和石油价格暴涨而受到制约,不得不实行以煤代油,改造燃油电厂。现在似乎认为燃油电厂不能再搞,但又出现发展燃气电厂的热流,发展燃气电厂确实是当今的世界潮流,但是同当年发展燃油电厂一样,要研究是否符合中国的国情?     

汽油机活塞的环槽阳极氧化

随着汽车工业的发展，发动机的工况趋向于高压、高速改进。对发动机心脏零件之一的活塞也有越来越高的要求。在保留传统铝合金材料的同时，通过表面处理来改善和提高铝合金材料在发动机工况下的性能是一种非常重要的手段。     

投标方建筑施工绿色性预评价研究

为适应建筑业可持续发展的需要,提出了对投标方进行施工绿色性预评价的观点,即通过分析招标控制价(或标底)和投标报价,计算出投标方施工节约资源能源的预算费用值,利用该值可进行资源能源消耗预评价;同时,通过分析投标技术资料判断其施工环境保护措施的合理性、有效性,进而对施工环境影响进行打分评价,借助于建筑安装工程费中的环境保护费,可将打分转换为施工环境保护的费用当量值,利用该值可进行环境影响预评价;将两种费用值相加即可得到施工绿色性费用当量值,利用该值可实现对施工资源能源消耗和环境影响的统一评价,有助于选择绿色施工水平较高的承包商.     

煤焦混烧时粉尘化学成分和比电阻对静电除尘效率的影响

文章介绍了在煤焦混粉燃烧的情况下，粉尘化学成分和粉尘比电阻的变化对静电除尘器效率的影响。     

分选机制砂对混凝土性能影响试验研究

平江抽水蓄能电站泵送混凝土使用的花岗岩为主的人工细骨料,云母含量较高.通过分选工艺降低游离云母的机制砂配制混凝土,性能试验结果表明:分选后机制砂混凝土拌和物混凝土用水量减少,混凝土工作性能提高,混凝土的抗冻性能得到改善.     

小型锅炉烟尘测试时锅炉出力的计算

锅炉烟尘测试时，必须对锅炉出力进行测试。但监测中，许多小型锅炉往往不具备相关的计量装置和仪表，为解决这一问题，文章提出了用烟气量和空气过剩系数来计算锅炉的出力的公式，在实际使用中，该方法简单易行，其结果和实测值具有很好的一致怀。     

气门锁夹槽位置检测

气门圆弧形锁夹槽中心至杆端面以及至盘锥面量规线的距离(如图1中L、H). 在过程检验中如用普通量具难以测量,如用仪器测量则速度慢,效率低.为便于生产过程控制,确保工序质量,我们采用锁夹槽定位,用标准件比较测量的专用检具(如图2)进行测量.为保证锁夹槽定位准确以适应不同型号的气门,并防止气门测量时轴向窜动和左右摆动,采用了V型定位叉,使锁夹槽以四点定位,V型叉口的宽度,根据锁夹槽圆弧半径大小确定:约为圆弧的三分之二处(图3,图4).     

柴油理化性能的分析与质量指标的控制

对柴油的化学组成及物理性质进行了分析,叙述了柴油理化性能与柴油机工作状态的关系,探讨了柴油质量指标的控制措施,为今后的柴油检验和机车检修工作提供了实用的理论依据。     

不同方向地震激励对水工隧洞位移的影响

目前在研究水工隧洞地震响应时只考虑了单向地震激励,忽略了双向地震激励,故不能合理地分析不同方向地震激励对水工隧洞位移的影响。因此,选取合理的材料参数和模型边界条件,应用ANSYS建立了某水工隧洞的三维有限元模型,对单向地震激励和双向地震激励下的水工隧洞进行了位移分析。结果表明,不同方向的地震激励对水工隧洞的水平位移和竖直位移影响不同,水平位移主要受x方向地震激励影响,竖直位移主要受y方向地震激励影响,并根据单向地震激励和双向地震激励存在的相关性,建立了位移数学关系模型。