大流量多级轴流压气机性能及流场分析

以某型17级大流量轴流压气机为研究对象,运用全三维黏性数值模拟的方法对设计点处性能和流场参数进行了研究.通过该压气机加功量、绝热效率、压比、反力度在各级的分布情况,分析了大流量多级轴流压气机的设计特点.在性能参数的分析中,发现第7级存在加功量、绝热效率、总压比偏低,反力度偏高的问题,通过三维流场分析,提出了改进建议.     

某压气机内部三维流场数值模拟研究

以某重型燃气轮机的整个压气机为研究对象,通过计算软件对该压气机内部三维流场进行设计工况下的数值模拟研究,获得的压气机特性计算结果与试验值吻合良好;并详细分析了该压气机内部流场结构,找出了该燃气轮机最大噪声位置及其形成原因,同时获得了两种压气机内部流场的控制方法,对于压气机设计具有指导意义.     

两级压气机数值模拟及性能分析

为了深入了解某多级轴流压气机的中间两级的内部流场及气动性能,为进一步的优化设计提供数据支持,利用商用软件Numeca对其进行了全三维数值模拟及详细的气动性能评估和流场分析。结果表明:该两级压气机具有良好的气动特性。     

动叶间隙对压气机气动性能的影响

为研究动叶间隙大小对压气机性能及流动的影响,以一台高亚声速一级半压气机级为研究对象,在设计间隙、0. 5倍、1. 5倍及2倍设计间隙下进行定常三维数值模拟。计算结果表明,随着间隙增大,压气机效率及总压比下降。大间隙下泄漏流增强,导致动叶叶尖及其下游区域损失增加,压气机转子效率随间隙增大而线性下降;同时,泄漏流的增强也恶化了动静叶匹配,导致静叶上端壁产生额外损失,压气机级效率下降幅度大于转子效率。     

某三级半压气机顶隙变化影响的数值研究

采用NUMECA软件FINE/Turbo模块对某三级半压气机热稳态模型在不同顶隙条件下的内部流场进行了数值模拟,给出了不同间隙对整级和各级气动性能的影响,计算结果表明:叶顶间隙的变化改变了压气机运行特性曲线,适当小的间隙可以获得更高的效率和压比,各级的特性匹配不佳,前两级匹配还有改进的余地.     

基于F级燃机压气机的跨音级特性数值分析

以F级重型燃气轮机压气机的跨音级为研究对象,采用三维数值模拟方法计算了不同转速下压气机的性能曲线,并在设计转速下,对其内部流场进行了分析研究.研究结果表明:所使用的计算方法能够很好地计算出跨音级压气机全工况特性,并通过典型工况点的计算,研究了跨音级叶栅内部流动的特点,为跨音级的改进设计工作提供依据.     

间隙变化对轴流压气机转子近失速工况叶顶流场的影响研究

为研究间隙变化对轴流压气机转子近失速工况下叶顶流场结构的影响,以轴流压气机转子Rotor37为研究对象,对其叶顶流场进行定常和非定常的数值模拟。计算结果表明：随着叶顶间隙的减小,压气机的总压比和等熵效率均有所提高,稳定运行范围扩大;2倍设计间隙下,叶尖泄漏涡经激波作用后发生膨胀破碎,堵塞来流通道,诱发压气机堵塞失速;0.5倍设计间隙下,吸力面流动分离加剧,发生回流,部分回流与来流在压力面前缘上游发生干涉,进口堵塞加剧,致使部分来流从前缘溢出,导致压气机叶尖失速;不同间隙下压气机失速过程的主导因素不同,大间隙下失速由叶尖泄漏涡破碎的非定常波动引起,小间隙下失速主要由流动分离引发的周期性前缘溢流所主导。     

超临界氦气离心压气机流场分析

设计了一个包含离心叶轮、扩压器和回流器的单级超临界氦气离心压气机,并采用数值模拟方法对设计结果进行了三维数值模拟分析。通过对总特性、叶表压力分布、展向参数分布以及三维流场的分析,得到了高负荷超临界氦气离心压气机各部件内部的典型复杂流动特点。研究结果表明：相比常规工质,超临界氦气离心压气机单级压比较低,但叶轮与扩压器的负荷和级效率较高,且超临界氦气整体流动为亚音流,只在叶片前缘局部出现超音区。     

某型多级轴流压气机三维CFD流场分析及气动优化

以某11级轴流压气机为研究对象,通过三维计算软件对某型压气机整机建模及流场进行了数值模拟,分别计算了设计工况、变工况及改变导叶安装角等工况的特性,得到了压气机流量－压比特性曲线、流量－效率特性曲线,与压气机的性能试验数据进行了对比,其误差在可允许范围内.同时对压气机的每一级的数据行了分析,总结了该压气机的气动设计规律.通过流场分析得到出口导叶的流场分布不合理的结论,并通过对其母型机的流场分析,提出了改进的方案.这些工作对压气机的设计开发提供了宝贵经验.     

某重型燃气轮机17级轴流压气机特性预估计算研究

以某重型燃气轮机用17级轴流压气机为研究对象,建立了一种可用于多级轴流压气机特性预估的损失和落后角模型.运用流线曲率法计算得到了不同转速下的压气机特性变化曲线.并将其与全三维数值模拟结果进行了对比,验证了该模型在大流量多级轴流压气机特性预估方面的有效性.通过对设计点各级加工量、总压升分布以及各叶排落后角、效率沿径向分布的对比,验证了该模型在计算大流量多级轴流压气机设计点各级性能参数分布以及各叶排气动参数分布方面的可靠性.     

A similitude method and the corresponding blade design of a low-speed large-scale axial compressor rotor

A similitude method to model the tip clearance flow in a high-speed compressor with a low-speed model is presented in this paper. The first step of this method is the derivation of similarity criteria for tip clearance flow, on the basis of an inviscid model of tip clearance flow. The aerodynamic parameters needed for the model design are then obtained from a numerical simulation of the target high-speed compressor rotor. According to the aerodynamic and geometric parameters of the target compressor rotor, a large-scale low-speed rotor blade is designed with an inverse blade design program. In order to validate the similitude method, the features of tip clearance flow in the low-speed model compressor are compared with the ones in the high-speed compressor at both design and small flow rate points. It is found that not only the trajectory of the tip leakage vortex but also the interface between the tip leakage flow and the incoming main flow in the high-speed compressor match well with that of its low speed model. These results validate the effectiveness of the similitude method for the tip clearance flow proposed in this paper.     

Study on heat transfer of leakage flow in tooth tip clearance for single screw compressor based on fuzzy contourlet finite element method

Heat transfer of leakage flow in tip clearance will reduce the working performance, and therefore it is necessary to study it in depth. To improve the computing effectiveness of heat transfer of leakage flow in the tooth tip clearance of the single-screw compressor, the fuzzy contourlet finite element model is constructed by combining the contourlet finite element method and fuzzy finite element method. First, the related research progresses are summarized. Second, heat transfer model of leakage flow in the tip clearance of single-screw compressor is constructed. Third, the fuzzy contourlet wavelet finite element model is established. Finally, heat transfer simulation of leakage flow in the tip clearance of single-screw compressor is performed, and the variables with fuzziness are chosen, which are transformed to random variables based on information entropy theory. The comparing analysis among simulation analysis and test results is performed, and results show that the contourlet finite element method has highest computing precision and efficiency. In addition, the temperature of leakage flow in the tip clearance (L1) is also obtained, and results show that the fuzzy contourlet wavelet finite element method can effectively obtain the temperature distribution rules with fuzziness.     

Effects of axial non-uniform tip clearances on aerodynamic performance of a transonic axial compressor

This paper presents a numerical investigation of effects of axial non-uniform tip clearances on the aerodynamic performance of a transonic axial compressor rotor （NASA Rotor 37）. The three-dimensional steady flow field within the rotor passage was simulated with the datum tip clearance of 0.356 mm at the design wheel speed of 17188.7 rpm. The simulation results are well consistent with the measurement results, which verified the numeri- cal method. Then the three-dimensional steady flow field within the rotor passage was simulated respectively with different axial non-uniform tip clearances. The calculation results showed that optimal axial non-uniform tip clearances could improve the compressor performance, while the efficiency and the pressure ratio of the com- pressor were increased. The flow mechanism is that the axial non-uniform tip clearance can weaken the tip leak- age vortex, blow down low-energy fluids in boundary layers and reduce both flow blockage and tip loss.     

多级轴流压气机模化设计中尺寸缩放对气动性能影响的数值研究

为了研究几何尺寸模化缩放及叶尖间隙对多级轴流压气机气动性能及内部流动的影响,采用Numeca程序对17级轴流压气机开展了数值计算。结果表明：在80%及100%等高转速条件下压气机效率随着模化比例增大而增大,而在50%转速下模化缩放对压气机效率的影响较小。相对于原型压气机,模化放大时,压气机前8级单级压比均有所降低,而后8级压比均提高;模化缩小时,压气机的变化规律则相反。随着压气机几何尺寸的增大,静叶叶根和叶尖区域的总压恢复系数显著提高。同时,叶片叶尖泄漏流区域的熵增减少,从而使各级效率均有所提升。缩放模化中,随着叶尖间隙的增大,泄漏流增多,恶化了动叶叶尖附近的流动分离,降低了动叶后50%弦长区域的相对马赫数,同时扩大了静叶上端壁的流动分离,使压气机效率降低。     

Unsteady Tip Clearance Flow Pattern in an Isolated Axial Compressor Rotor with Micro Tip Injection

A numerical study of the effect of discrete micro tip injection on unsteady tip clearance flow pattern in an isolatedaxial compressor rotor is presented,intending to better understand the flow mechanism behind stall control meas-ures that act on tip clearance flow.Under the influence of injection the unsteadiness of self-induced tip clearanceflow could be weakened.Also the radial migration of tip clearance vortex is confined to a smaller radial extentnear the rotor tip and the trajectory of tip clearance flow is pushed more downstream,So the injection is benefi-cial to improve compressor stability and increase static pressure rise near rotor tip region.The results of injectionwith different injected mass flow rates show that for the special type of injector adopted in the paper the effect ofinjection on tip clearance flow may be different according to the relative strength between these two streams offlow.For a fixed injected mass flow rate,reducing the injector area to increase injection velocity can improve theeffect of injection on tip clearance flow and thus the compressor stability.A comparison of calculations betweensingle blade passage and multiple blade passages validates the utility of single passage computations to investi-gate the tip clearance flow for the case without injection and its interaction with injected flow for the case with tipinjection.     

零间隙压气机失稳机理的全通道数值模拟研究

为了探究零间隙压气机流动失稳机理,采用全通道非定常数值模拟方法研究了一台零间隙斜流压气 机转子的失稳机理,数值模拟过程中在转子出口施加了随时间动态变化的背压模拟压气机转子节流,非定常 数值计算结果表明零间隙斜流压气机转子仍然表现为典型突尖流动失稳特征。通过详细地分析斜流压气机 转子节流过程中不同阀系数对应的压气机内部流场结构,结果表明:尽管零间隙斜流压气机无叶顶泄漏特 征,但随着对压气机节流,转子叶片尾缘率先出现流动分离,进一步节流,尾缘流动分离表现为一方面在周向 范围加剧,另一方面分离点逐渐向上游移动,造成通道严重堵塞,最终引发相邻叶片通道尾缘回流和叶片前 缘流动溢出进而诱发叶片通道内部出现径向涡结构,从而形成压气机突尖失速先兆。     

端壁相对运动对压气机叶栅间隙流场影响的数值模拟

压气机端壁与叶片间的相对运动是影响叶顶间隙气流流动的重要因素.采用数值模拟的方法考察了端壁运动对不同叶顶间隙压气机叶栅内三维流场的影响.结果表明:端壁相对运动改变了叶栅间隙流场结构,叶栅通道内出现向相邻叶片压力面运动的刮削泄漏涡,上通道涡及叶顶分离涡受到抑制,叶尖负荷增大,间隙泄漏流量增加,叶栅总损失由于叶顶区掺混损失减少而减少.     

Numerical investigation & comparison of a tandem-bladed turbocharger centrifugal compressor stage with conventional design

Extensive numerical investigations of the performance and flow structure in an unshrouded tandem-bladed centrifugal compressor are presented in comparison to a conventional compressor. Stage characteristics are explored for various tip clearance levels, axial spacings and circumferential clockings. Conventional impeller was modified to tandem-bladed design with no modifications in backsweep angle, meridional gas passage and camber distributions in order to have a true comparison with conventional design. Performance degradation is observed for both the conventional and tandem designs with increase in tip clearance. Linear-equation models for correlating stage characteristics with tip clearance are proposed. Comparing two designs, it is clearly evident that the conventional design shows better performance at moderate flow rates. However; near choke flow, tandem design gives better results primarily because of the increase in throat area. Surge point flow rate also seems to drop for tandem compressor resulting in increased range of operation.     

叶顶间隙对跨音速离心压气机气动性能影响分析

基于控制变量法对某跨音速离心压气机进行数值模拟,研究了叶轮尾缘叶间隙改变对其气动性能的影响。仅改变该离心叶轮的尾缘叶顶间隙,在设计转速下进行全三维黏性数值模拟,对相关气动参数进行分析。计算结果表明,相较于小流量工况,尾缘叶顶间隙的改变对离心压气机大流量工况的气动性能影响更大;在设计流量下,离心叶轮的压比、效率与叶轮尾缘出口间隙大小之间具有一定的线性关系,随着叶尖间隙增大,叶轮叶尖泄漏流的强度明显增强,导致叶轮的增压能力下降。