降低进口空气温度提高机组出力和热效率

在燃气轮机发电机组的进气道里用热交换器代替进气消音器,既达到消音的效果,又可降低机 的进口空气温度,从而达到增加机组出力和提高热效率的目的。     

液化天然气(LNG)冷能用于冷却发电燃气轮机进气的分析

对利用LNG冷能冷却燃气轮机进口空气系统的特点进行了分析,说明在适当的环境条件下应用此方法可明显改善燃气轮机发电机组的性能,并借鉴国外此项技术的实际应用并结合广州实际情况做出应用这项技术的可行性分析。     

浅谈燃气轮机发电机组的现状及发展趋势

燃气轮机发电机组与常规的火力发电机组相比,其具有占地规模小、效率高、启停迅速的特点,但是由于其制造技术的保密性,中国燃气轮机主要依靠进口,尚未实现燃气轮机发电机组的大规模推广,对燃气轮机及燃气轮机发电机组进行简单介绍,归纳总结了燃气轮机发电机组的现状及发展趋势,以期为相关领域工作者提供一定的指导意义.     

广州天然气电厂燃气蒸汽联合循环发电机组的选择及经济技术分析

本文就现代化大都市广州适用的天然气燃气轮机联合循环发电机组的选择及其经济技术进行分析，论述大型燃气蒸汽联合循环发电机组技术方案，认为天然气发电的经济性是发展燃气蒸汽联合循环电厂的关键问题，在工程建设和天然气定价时应进行科学认证，合理规划。广州天然气发电厂应以大容量高效率燃气轮机发电机组为骨干机型，以降低电厂的能耗和比投资，提高天然气发电厂在电网中的竞争力。     

微型燃气轮机发电机组发展及国产化

微型燃气轮机发电机组单机功率范围为25～300kW。目前国内市场上使用的微型燃气轮机发电机组几乎均为国外进口,大多使用在分布式热(冷)电联供系统中。我国分布式发电及热(冷)电联产系统的大力推广也将对微型燃气轮机发电机组的发展起到重要的推动作用。整理国内、外微型燃气轮机发电机组历史发展情况,对今后微型燃气轮机发电机组设计、制造、应用技术国产化指明方向。     

蒸汽和空气预旋进气共转盘腔壁面换热研究

为了研究不同冷却介质对燃气轮机预旋共转盘腔换热特性的影响,采用数值计算方法分析了空气和蒸汽2种介质下预旋系统共转盘腔表面的换热过程,对比了2种冷却介质在不同旋转雷诺数、无量纲质量流量和进口总温条件下的换热效果。结果表明:相同无量纲质量流量下预旋进气的转盘冷却效果优于无预旋;不同无量纲质量流量下,蒸汽对共转盘腔表面的换热效果均优于空气;旋转雷诺数在5.5×106~7.2×106内,相同旋转雷诺数下的蒸汽冷却下的转盘平均Nu比空气冷却提高约22%,低旋转雷诺数时2种冷却介质的冷却效果略优于高旋转雷诺数时;不同进口总温下,蒸汽冷却效果仍然优于空气,但随着进口总温的升高其优势逐渐减弱,转盘表面传热平均Nu随预旋进口总温的升高而减小。     

燃气轮机空气滤清器的维护与自行研制

介绍燃气轮机空气滤清器的维护与高效滤清器（箱型）的自行研制实践，籍此降低燃气轮机发电机组的维护费用，提高电厂的经济效益．     

正确选择溴化锂制冷装置中空气冷却器的安装位置

为提高燃气轮机发电机组的输出功率，针对CW251811型燃气轮机组进气系统的结构特点，在原有机组进气系统蒸发冷却装置的基础上，新增溴化锂制冷装置但必须正确选择溴化锂制冷装置中空气冷却器的安装位置，以达到更大程度地提高燃气轮发电机组输出功率的目的，更好地提高燃气轮机电厂的经济效益。     

小型燃气轮机发电机空气进气系统的工程改造实例

燃气轮机空气进气系统的主要功能是对空气进行过滤以达到机组使用要求,降低机组运行风险,并控制机组进气噪音和压降在相应的标准范围内。由于海上平台高湿度、高盐度的工作环境和使用年限的增加,某平台3MW燃气轮机发电机组空气进气系统存在空气进气质量差、风道腐蚀穿孔、夏季暴雨和冬春季大雾天气时易湿堵造成异常停机、过滤器更换频繁、维修量大等问题。针对这些问题,对燃气轮机发电机组空气进气系统进行了全面技术分析,并结合当前空气过滤相关的新技术,对燃气轮机空气进气系统进行了改造,采用三级过滤系统改善了空气进气质量。改造方案的成功实施对当前海上平台3~30MW的燃气轮机发电机组空气进气系统运维工作有良好的借鉴意义,该改造方案并已成功在其他平台6MW燃气轮机机组上成功实施。     

燃气—蒸汽联合循环电厂大发展的曙光

从我国天然气资源开发利用，燃气轮机发电机组的环保优势，高效节能的优势，对天然气管网调峰优势和国家计委，经贸委，建设部和环保总局的有关文件分析，以及国际燃气轮机发电机组供不应求的火爆局面，可以看出我国燃气一蒸汽联合循环发电机组面临着大发展的曙光。     

PG6551(B)燃气轮机进气冷却系统的研制

开发了一种可全年利用烟气余热的联合循环双工况燃气轮机进气冷却系统。在气温高、进气冷却系统投用的情况下，能有效增加燃气轮机出力；在气温低、低压加热器投用的情况下，通过回收烟气余热，增加余热锅炉出力，提高蒸汽轮机负荷。介绍了进气冷却系统的工作原理，分析了进气冷却运行方式的初步运行结果。     

Analysis of parameters affecting the performance of gas turbines and combined cycle plants with vapor absorption inlet air cooling

The integration of an aqua‐ammonia inlet air‐cooling scheme to a cooled gas turbine‐based combined cycle has been analyzed. The heat energy of the exhaust gas prior to the exit of the heat recovery steam generator has been chosen to power the inlet air‐cooling system. Dual pressure reheat heat recovery steam generator is chosen as the combined cycle configuration. Air film cooling has been adopted as the cooling technique for gas turbine blades. A parametric study of the effect of compressor–pressure ratio, compressor inlet temperature, turbine inlet temperature, ambient relative humidity, and ambient temperature on performance parameters of plants has been carried out. It has been observed that vapor absorption inlet air cooling improves the efficiency of gas turbine by upto 7.48% and specific work by more than 18%, respectively. However, on the adoption of this scheme for combined cycles, the plant efficiency has been observed to be adversely affected, although the addition of absorption inlet air cooling results in an increase in plant output by more than 7%. The optimum value of compressor inlet temperature for maximum specific work output has been observed to be 25 °C for the chosen set of conditions. Further reduction of compressor inlet temperature below this optimum value has been observed to adversely affect plant efficiency. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

LNG冷能在燃气轮机进气冷却系统中的应用

进气温度对燃机效率的影响非常大,如果利用LNG作为低温冷源,实现对燃气轮机进气的冷却,可提高燃机功率和LNG的利用效率。文中建立了翅片管式换热器的传热模型,计算换热器传热参数,为LNG在燃机进气冷却中的应用做铺垫。     

Combined cycle with low-quality heat integration and water injection into the compressed air

The water injection after the compressor into the combustion air of a gas turbine and its evaporation by low-quality heat was analysed for different types of low-temperature heat sources and water-vapour contents of the pressurised air. To integrate low-quality heat—for example solar heat—into a conventional combined cycle efficiently and economically, the cycle must be changed in such a way that a maximum of low-temperature heat can be exploited. By injecting water into the compressed air, its evaporation takes place at partial pressure and therefore low-quality heat can be used. The new cycle uses only the stoichiometric air needed for the combustion. The air surplus for reducing the adiabatic temperature to the allowable gas turbine inlet temperature is substituted by water, which is injected into the compressed air and evaporated at partial pressure (i.e. at low temperature below 170 °C). After the heat recovery boiler the water-vapour content of the flue gas is recovered by partial condensation, cleaned and reused for injection. After presenting the features of the cycle, the paper concentrates on a preliminary design of the unit. Calculations were carried out for a variety of gas turbine inlet temperatures, pressure ratios and water-vapour contents. The results of the calculations are presented and the possibilities and difficulties of the low-quality heat integration will both be discussed.     

A new approach for enhancing performance of a gas turbine (case study: Khangiran refinery)

There are various methods which are commercially available for turbine air inlet cooling aiming to improve gas turbine efficiency. In this study a new approach has been proposed to improve performance of a gas turbine. The approach has been applied to one of the Khangiran refinery gas turbines. The idea is to cool inlet air of the gas turbine by potential cooling capacity of the refinery natural-gas pressure drop station. The study is part of a comprehensive program aimed to enhance gas turbines performance of the Khangiran gas refinery. The results show that the gas turbine inlet air temperature could be reduced in range of 4–25 K and the performance could be improved in range of 1.5–5% for almost 10 months.     

Energy and exergy analyses of a CFB‐based indirectly fired combined cycle power generation system

Combined cycle configuration has the ability to use the waste heat from the gas turbine exhaust gas using the heat recovery steam generator for the bottoming steam cycle. In the current study, a natural gas‐fired combined cycle with indirectly fired heating for additional work output is investigated for configurations with and without reheat combustor (RHC) in the gas turbine. The mass flow rate of coal for the indirect‐firing mode in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustor is estimated based on fixed natural gas input for the gas turbine combustion chamber (GTCC). The effects of pressure ratio, gas turbine inlet temperature, inlet temperatures to the air compressor and to the GTCC on the overall cycle performance of the combined cycle configuration are analysed. The combined cycle efficiency increases with pressure ratio up to the optimum value. Both efficiency and net work output for the combined cycle increase with gas turbine inlet temperature. The efficiency decreases with increase in the air compressor inlet temperature. The indirect firing of coal shows reduced use with increase in the turbine inlet temperature due to increase in the use of natural gas. There is little variation in the efficiency with increase in GTCC inlet temperature resulting in increased use of coal. The combined cycle having the two‐stage gas turbine with RHC has significantly higher efficiency and net work output compared with the cycle without RHC. The exergetic efficiency also increases with increase in the gas turbine inlet temperature. The exergy destruction is highest for the CFB combustor followed by the GTCC. The analyses show that the indirectly fired mode of the combined cycle offers better performance and opportunities for additional net work output by using solid fuels (coal in this case). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Improvement of part-load performance of gas turbine by adjusting compressor inlet air temperature and IGV opening

A novel adjusting method for improving gas turbine (GT) efficiency and surge margin (SM) under part-load conditions is proposed. This method adopts the inlet air heating technology, which uses the waste heat of low-grade heat source and the inlet guide vane (IGV) opening adjustment. Moreover, the regulation rules of the compressor inlet air temperature and the IGV opening are studied comprehensively to optimize GT performance. A model and calculation method for an equilibrium running line is adopted based on the characteristic curves of the compressor and turbine. The equilibrium running lines calculated through the calculation method involve three part-load conditions and three IGV openings with different inlet air temperatures. The results show that there is an optimal matching relationship between IGV opening and inlet air temperature. For the best GT performance of a given load, the IGV could be adjusted according to inlet air temperature. In addition, inlet air heating has a considerable potential for the improvement of part-load performance of GT due to the increase in compressor efficiency, combustion efficiency, and turbine efficiency as well as turbine inlet temperature, when inlet air temperature is lower than the optimal value with different IGV openings. Further, when the IGV is in a full opening state and an optimal inlet air temperature is achieved by using the inlet air heating technology, GT efficiency and SM can be obviously higher than other IGV openings. The IGV can be left unadjusted, even when the load is as low as 50%. These findings indicate that inlet air heating has a great potential to replace the IGV to regulate load because GT efficiency and SM can be remarkably improved, which is different from the traditional viewpoints.     

AE94.3A型燃气轮机进气冷却的应用可行性研究

对AE94.3A型燃气轮机燃气-蒸汽联合循环热力系统平衡进行研究进而发现,与同类型、同等级不同型号机组相比,AE94.3A型联合循环机组余热锅炉的排烟温度较高,排烟余热仍有进一步利用的空间。通过设计优化,扩大省煤器受热面,回收烟气余热加热给水,驱动热水型溴化锂制冷机制冷,用于机组满负荷调峰时的压气机进气冷却或厂房及办公区域空调供冷,对改善燃气轮机联合循环的运行性能,实现能源梯级利用,提高能源利用率和机组经济性运行起到了很大作用。     

Maisotsenko循环在燃气轮机进气冷却中的应用研究

采用基于Maisotsenko循环的露点间接蒸发式冷却作为进气冷却的手段,研究了不同环境条件下其对燃气轮机性能的提升效果。建立了针对某9E级燃气轮机的热力循环过程的计算模型,并利用该热力模型分析了进气温度变化对燃机出力的影响。基于Maisotsenko循环的原理,以温降为指标对露点间接蒸发冷却器的性能进行了分析。以功率和效率作为指标,对燃气轮机性能随环境条件的变化情况做了数值模拟,对露点蒸发式冷却与无进气冷却、直接喷雾式冷却对燃机性能的影响进行了计算分析。结果表明,在高温低湿度的条件下,露点间接蒸发式冷却能有效提升燃机性能。     

Energetic and exergetic performance analyses of a combined heat and power plant with absorption inlet cooling and evaporative aftercooling

In this paper, exergy method is applied to analyze the gas turbine cycle cogeneration with inlet air cooling and evaporative aftercooling of the compressor discharge. The exergy destruction rate in each component of cogeneration is evaluated in detail. The effects of some main parameters on the exergy destruction and exergy efficiency of the cycle are investigated. The most significant exergy destruction rates in the cycle are in combustion chamber, heat recovery steam generator and regenerative heat exchanger. The overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature have significant effect on exergy destruction in most of the components of cogeneration. The results obtained from the analysis show that inlet air cooling along with evaporative aftercooling has an obvious increase in the energy and exergy efficiency compared to the basic gas turbine cycle cogeneration. It is further shown that the first-law efficiency, power to heat ratio and exergy efficiency of the cogeneration cycle significantly vary with the change in overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature but the change in process heat pressure shows small variation in these parameters.