多孔硅/高氯酸钠复合材料合成与爆炸特性研究

采用电化学阳极氧化法制备多孔硅,考察不同阳极氧化条件下多孔硅孔隙率及膜厚变化规律,分析阳极氧化条件、高氯酸钠溶液浓度及多孔硅贮存方法等对多孔硅/高氯酸钠复合材料爆炸特性的影响。结果表明,多孔硅孔隙率随阳极氧化电流密度增加而增大,当电流密度达到50mA.cm-2时趋于稳定,当氢氟酸浓度增加时多孔硅孔隙率反而减小,而阳极氧化时间延长时多孔硅孔隙率呈先增加后减小现象,且氧化时间为30min时孔隙率最大;多孔硅膜厚随时间增加而增大,其生长速度为2μm.min-1左右;当新鲜多孔硅形成后,其表面出现微裂缝,内部含大量长度为40μm,宽度为2～3μm硅柱;当新鲜或乙醇贮存7天内的多孔硅浸入浓度不小于0.1g.mL-1NaClO4甲醇溶液后,形成的多孔硅/高氯酸钠复合材料能够发生爆炸。     

硝化棉基微孔球形药的结构控制研究

为了有效控制硝化棉(NC)基微孔球形药的结构,通过调节工艺参数及引入烷烃溶剂等方法,探索颗粒直径、颗粒表面孔隙率和颗粒球形度的变化规律。结果表明:提高溶剂用量可以降低硝化棉溶胶及乳液的粘度,微孔球形药的平均粒径显著减小。在乳化发泡环节引入烷烃作为致孔剂,可以制备出表面开孔的微孔球形药,随着烷烃用量的增加,表面孔隙率逐渐提高,样品的比表面积也相应增加。采用浸析法进行溶剂驱除时,降低加水速度可以显著提高微孔球形药颗粒的球形度。通过调节工艺参数及在乳液中加入烷烃溶剂,实现硝化棉基微孔球形药结构的定量控制是完全可行的。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备多孔ZnO薄膜及其性能表征

以聚乙二醇(PEG2000)为模板剂,醋酸锌为前驱体,乙醇为溶剂,二乙醇胺为络合剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃基片上制备了ZnO多孔薄膜。利用IR、TG-DTA、及SEM等测试方法对薄膜的结构和特性进行了分析。探讨了样品在溶胶-凝胶及煅烧过程中的物理化学变化。研究了前驱体浓度、PEG2000加入量对薄膜结构和性能的影响。结果表明,当Zn2+的浓度为0.6 mol/L时,加入PEG2000后,有利于ZnO多孔结构的形成,而且孔尺寸及密度也随PEG加入量的增大而增大。随孔尺寸的增大,ZnO粉末的比表面积先增加后下降,薄膜的紫外—可见光透射率随着孔径提高而降低。     

含多孔物质硝胺发射药的温感特性

研究了多孔物质对于硝胺发射药在不同初温下的燃面调节作用，由于多孔物质的孔结构及其与基体界面状况的改变，使发射药低温燃面增大，而高温燃面减小，这有利于降低燃速温度系数．     

冷喷涂技术制备多孔钛涂层的研究

结合高速高压冷喷涂技术和真空蒸馏技术,在钛合金基体表面制备一种多孔钛涂层,并对涂层的显微结构进行研究。结果表明,多孔钛涂层的体积孔隙率达50%,孔状结构为贯通型,孔径分布范围为30~100μm。     

冷喷涂技术制备多孔钛涂层的研究

结合高速高压冷喷涂技术和真空蒸馏技术,在钛合金基体表面制备一种多孔钛涂层,并对涂层的显微结构进行研究。结果表明,多孔钛涂层的体积孔隙率达50%,孔状结构为贯通型,孔径分布范围为30~100 μm。     

液相浸渗用多孔预制体制备的研究现状

多孔预制体是用液相浸渗法制备金属基复合材料最重要的组成部分,通过调节多孔预制体的孔隙率和孔结构,可以获得不同性能和组织的金属基复合材料,即多孔预制体是保证复合材料可设计性的前提。综述了各种类型的液相浸渗用多孔预制体的制备工艺,对液相浸渗用多孔预制体制备的研究现状进行了全面的评述,分析了成形压力、烧结规范、粘结剂、造孔剂及后续处理等因素对液相浸渗用多孔预制体质量产生的影响。     

化学交联网络对少烟NEPE推进剂力学性能的影响

应用平衡溶胀法和动、静态力学性能测试方法研究了少烟NEPE推进剂的固化参数、增塑比和交联剂含量等因素对推进剂交联网络结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明,少烟NEPE推进剂的交联密度、初始模量和抗拉强度等在固化参数为1.5时达到最大,并随增塑比降低,交联剂(CA)含量增大而逐渐增大;推进剂的延伸率随固化参数和交联剂含量增大而逐渐降低,随增塑比增大而增大;推进剂的力学损耗随增塑比和交联剂含量增大而增大;但推进剂的玻璃化温度和次级转化温度随固化参数、增塑比和交联剂含量的变化不大(-33 ℃和-56 ℃).     

泡沫铝部分填充铝管的弯曲性能研究

对泡沫铝合金部分填充方形铝管三点弯曲性能进行研究。研究发现:泡沫铝部分填充管承受的弯曲载荷和吸收的能量与空铝管相比有显著的提高,变形模式从单褶皱模式变为多褶皱模式;泡沫铝部分填充管承载能力和能量吸收能力随着泡沫铝孔隙率的减少而提高,但是达到极限载荷的位移变短;与全填充管相比,泡沫铝部分填充管仍然可以承受较高的载荷,同时有效降低结构的总质量,只有当填充长度大于有效填充长度时,泡沫铝提高铝管承载能力的作用才能充分发挥;部分填充管对空铝管的弯曲载荷相对提高量随铝管壁厚减小而增大。     

圆环坯料约束镦粗载荷理论解析与仿真研究

引入结构参数进行镁合金圆环约束镦粗过程中成形载荷理论解析与仿真研究。结果表明:随摩擦因数的增大和结构参数的减小,成形载荷均呈现增大趋势;当恒定结构参数为0.37和应变速率为0.1 s-1,随变形温度升高,约束镦粗过程中的载荷曲线呈现整体降低趋势;当恒定温度为380℃和应变速率为0.1 s-1,不同毛坯结构下成形载荷随时间变化呈现成形载荷升至峰值之前,随坯料的结构参数减小呈下降趋势,而成形载荷升至峰值后出现波动下降趋势。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.     

Design and Simulation of TF and TA Controller for Missile

A nonlinear terrain following(TF) and terrain avoidance(TA) controller is proposed for missile control systems. Based on classical TF algorithm (adaptive angle method), a new method for TF controller is proposed by using angle of attack. A method of obtaining terrain outline data from digital elevation map (DEM) for TF control is discussed in order to save store space. A TA algorithm is proposed by using bank-to-turn technique. The block control model, which is suitable for backstepping design, is given for nonlinear model of missile. Making full use of the characteristics of the system and combining block control principle and backstepping technique, a robust controller design method is proposed. Uncertainties in every sub-block are allowed, and can be canceled by using the idea of nonlinear damping. It is proved that the state tracking errors are converged to a neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for the missile model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.     

Design and Analysis of Test Schemes of Static Postponing Time on Shrapnels Used to Riot Control

The test scheme of static postponing time given in our actual national military test standard on shrapnels used to control riot is a nine-point test scheme on the combined action of three kinds of temperatures and three kinds of pressures,the consumed ammunitions are more excessive. Statistic analysis and tentative checkout about a lot of test data are done,feasibility gists are put forward for optimizing of the test design scheme. The optimizing design and data analysis of test scheme of the item are done by managing uniformity design theory, two scientific and reasonable six-point test schemes are confirmed. The feasibility and reliability of the optimizing design schemes put forward above are proved ulteriorly by test validating. The gained schemes not only have good design uniformity and little ammunition wastage and meet the test demand, but also have better forecast ability for the result data of other points using the mathematic models from the actual test points.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.