影响γ-Al2O3→α-Al2O3物相转变过程的因素研究

本文以拟薄水铝石为起始原料,采用XRD、SEM、TG/DTA等研究手段,研究了在γ-Al2O3→α-Al2O3相变过程中的影响因素,研磨、晶种、矿化剂等手段都可以促进相变过程的发生,这些因素对相转变过程的影响主要是降低相变过程的活化能,从而使γ-Al2O3在相对较低的温度下完成相变.     

AlF3对γ→α-Al2O3相变及α-Al2O3显微结构的影响

以Al(OH)3为原料,采用烧结法,运用SEM、XRD、DSC等分析技术,研究了AlF3对γ→α-Al2O3 的相变过程及α-Al2O3显微结构的影响.结果表明:AlF3 可以显著促进亚稳相氧化铝到α-Al2O3的物相转变,在没有添加剂的情况下,γ→α-Al2O3 的相变温度为1 300 ℃,在AlF3的作用下,其相变温度只有1 150 ℃.在没有添加剂的作用下,生成的α-Al2O3是蠕虫状空间网状结晶,固相传质是主要的传质形式,在AlF3的作用下,α-Al2O3是典型的片状结晶,气相传质占主导地位.     

反应等离子喷涂制备FeAl2O4-A12O3-Fe复合涂层的研究

以铝粉和氧化铁粉为原料，制备出适于等离子喷涂的复合团聚粉体；并采用反应等离子喷涂技术制备出FeAl2O4-A12O3-Fe复合涂层，用SEM和XRD分析了复合涂层的组织结构。结果表明：反应等离子喷涂得到了以层状基体相FeAl2O4与硬质相Al2O3为骨架，球状Fe相弥散分布于基体上的复合涂层。     

粉体聚集状态对自蔓延高温合成（SHS）反应喷涂A12O3-A12Cu3涂层的影响

采用SHS技术和传统氧-乙炔火焰喷涂技术，利用Al与CuO间的高能铝热反应，在钢的表面制备了A12O3-A12Cu3复相涂层。研究了粉体聚集状态对SHS火焰喷涂涂层物相组成、组织结构和反应机理的影响，结果表明：非团聚CuO—Al粉体分散在气流中缺乏发生SHS反应的条件，而团聚CuO-Al体，经历反应孕育、飞行燃烧、碰撞、结构转变与凝固4个阶段，形成层状结构。     

等离子喷涂Al2O3与Al2O3/TiO2涂层中的相变及涂层的耐腐蚀行为

研究了采用等离子喷涂法制备Al2O3涂层与Al2O3／TiO2复合涂层，以及喷涂前后涂层中相变及涂层的腐蚀行为。结果表明，在喷涂过程中有9％的α-Al2O3及45％的β-Al2O3转变成为γ-Al2O3；机械混合的Al2O3与TiO2之间没有新相Al2TiO5形成，但有39％的TiO2由金红石晶型转变为锐钛矿晶型。在5％沸腾的HCl内γ-Al2O3及β-Al2O3较α-Al2O3被优先腐蚀，TiO2相也同时被腐蚀。     

超声沉淀法制备纳米A12O3粉体

将超声辐射应用于以硫酸铝铵(NH4Al(SO4)2*12H2O )和碳酸氢铵(NH4HCO3)为原料的沉淀法制备Al2O3纳米粉体的化学反应工艺过程, 制备了粒径为12 nm的α-Al2O3纳米粉体.通过SEM、TEM等分析手段研究了超声辐射对前驱体NH4Al(OH)2CO3沉淀物及最终粉体尺寸、形貌及其团聚行为的影响, 并探讨了其作用机理.结果表明 超声辐射由于其自身的空化作用不仅细化了前驱体颗粒、抑制了其间的团聚, 而且延缓了其向凝胶的转变过程, 从而有效地细化α-Al2O3颗粒, 但过高的频率却易导致颗粒间的进一步聚合.     

AACH热分解制备超细α-Al2O3粉末

以Al2(SO4)3与(NH4)2CO3为原料,采用液相沉淀法制备出前驱物碳酸铝铵(AACH),并煅烧得到超细Al2O3粉末。研究加料次序、pH值、加料方式以及表面活性剂等因素对反应产物的影响,同时分析前驱物AACH的高温相变过程。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积(BET)、热重/差示扫描法(DTA/TGA)等多种分析检测技术对粉体的性能进行表征。结果表明:只有将硫酸铝溶液雾化加入到碳酸铵溶液中,添加适量PEG1000作为分散剂,控制反应终点pH值为8以上,才能制备出粒度分布均匀、分散性能优异的前驱物AACH;而AACH的高温相变过程为:AACH→AlOOH→Al2O3(无定型)→-γAl2O3→-θAl2O3→α-Al2O3;合成的AACH于1 200℃煅烧2 h,能得到粒度分布均匀、形貌为球形且分散性良好的-αAl2O3粉体。     

Ni-P—Nano-A12O3化学复合镀层的磨损机理

通过摩擦磨损试验和扫描电镜分析等手段对Ni—P—Nano—Al2O3化学复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究，分析了Ni-P—Nano．Al2O3复合镀层的磨损机理。结果表明，在干摩擦条件下，Ni—P—Nano-Al2O3复合镀层中的Nano-A12O3微粒能够有效地降低摩擦副之间的犁沟效应和粘着效应，从而提高复合镀层的磨损性能。     

碳酸铝铵热解法制备超细Al2O3

以Al2(SO4)3与(NH4)2CO3为原料,采用液相沉淀法,制备出前驱物碳酸铝铵(AACH),并烧结得到Al2O3粉末。通过分析前驱物的热重曲线,确定了前驱物的高温分解过程;并结合对前驱物在不同烧结温度下所得产物XRD图谱的分析,确定了前驱物的高温相变过程为:AACH→AlOOH→Al2O3(无定型)→γ-Al2O3→θ-Al2O3→α-Al2O3。同时,干燥方式对超细Al2O3分散性的影响在本文中也进行了研究。     

热处理对SrFe12O19/α-Fe2O3材料组织及磁性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了纳米复合永磁材料SrFe12O19/α-Fe2O3.利用差重分析（DTG）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）与振动样品磁强计（VSM）探讨了热处理条件对磁性材料制备及其组织结构、磁性能的影响.结果表明,不同的热处理工艺导致相变过程不同,直火煅烧有利于纳米复合永磁材料SrFe12O19/α-Fe2O3制备.直火煅烧650℃,纳米复合样品的剩磁、内禀矫顽力和最大磁能积分别为1.33T、358.1kAm^-1和134.8kJm^-3,其剩磁和最大磁能积比分段煅烧样品有了较大提高,证明SrFe12O19/α-Fe2O3粒子间产生了硬磁相和软磁相之间的交换耦合.     

RHEOLOGY FEATURE OF SIMPLE METAL MELT

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

LASER CLADDED TiCN COATINGS ON THE SURFACE OF TITANIUM

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of X80 Pipeline Steel Joints by Friction Stir Welding Under Various Cooling Conditions

X80 pipeline steel plates were friction stir welded(FSW) under air, water, liquid CO_2 + water, and liquid CO_2 cooling conditions, producing defect-free welds. The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of these FSW joints were studied. Coarse granular bainite was observed in the nugget zone(NZ) under air cooling, and lath bainite and lath martensite increased signifi cantly as the cooling medium temperature reduced. In particular, under the liquid CO_2 cooling condition, a dual phase structure of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite appeared in the NZ. Compared to the case under air cooling, a strong shear texture was identifi ed in the NZs under other rapid cooling conditions, because the partial deformation at elevated temperature was retained through higher cooling rates. Under liquid CO_2 cooling, the highest transverse tensile strength and elongation of the joint reached 92% and 82% of those of the basal metal(BM), respectively, due to the weak tempering softening. A maximum impact energy of up to 93% of that of the BM was obtained in the NZ under liquid CO_2 cooling, which was attributed to the operation of the dual phase of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite.     

INDUSTRY NEWS

China Securities News reported on March 21, 2014： Guangdong Hongtu Wuhan Die Casting Co., Ltd. （Wuhan Hongtu）, a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangdong Hongtu Technology （Holdings） Co., Ltd., held a groundbreaking ceremony recently. With the registered capital of 50 million Yuan, Wuhan Hongtu has a total land area of 100,000 square meters and a plant construction area of 72,000 square meters. It is expected to have a production capacity of about 30,000 tonnes of aluminum castings annually after it is put into production.     

GROWTH MORPHOLOGIES OF A BINARY ALLOY WITH LOW ANISOTROPY IN DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION

Two new classes of growth morphologies, called doublons and seaweed, were simulated using a phase-field method. The evolution of doublon and seaweed morphologies was obtained in directional solidification. The influence of orientation and velocity on the growth morphology was investigated. It was indicated that doublons preferred growing with its crystallographic axis aligned with the heat flow direction. Seaweed, on the other hand, could be obtained by tilting the crystalline axis to 45°. Stable doublons could only exist in a range of velocity regime. Beyond this regime the patterns formed would be unstable. The simulation results agreed with the reported experimental results qualitatively.     

STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF PULSE ELECTRODEPOSITED RE-Ni-W-P-SiC COMPOSITE COATINGS

The effects of pulse frequency f and duty cycle r on the deposition rate, composition, morphology, and hardness of pulse electrodeposited RE （rare earth）-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings have been studied. The results indicate that pulse current can improve the deposition rate of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings; W, P, and SiC contents in the coating decrease with the increase of pulse frequency and reach the lowest value at f = 33Hz, whereas the RE content in the composite coatings increases with the increase of pulse frequency. SiC content decreases with the increase of duty cycle, W content reaches the lowest value, and P content reaches the highest value at r = 0.4; pulse current and RE can lead to smaller size of the crystalline grains; however, the effects of different pulse frequency and duty cycle on the morphologies of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings are not obvious. The hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings is the highest when the duty cycle is at 0.6 and 0.8 and pulse frequency is at 50Hz. At the same pulse frequency, the hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings at r= 0.8 is higher than that at r= 0.6.     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN J-INTEGRAL AND FRACTURE SURFACE AVERAGE PROFILE

To investigate the causes that led to the formation of cracks in materials, a novel method that only considered the fracture surfaces for determining the fracture toughness parameters of J-integral for plain strain was proposed The principle of the fracture-surface topography analysis （FRASTA） was used. In FRASTA, the fracture surfaces were scanned by laser microscope and the elevation data was recorded for analysis. The relationship between J-integral and fracture surface average profile for plain strain was deduced. It was also verified that the J-integral determined by the novel method and by the compliance method matches each other well.