等温挤压变形量对TiB+TiC增强钛基复合材料组织和室温力学性能的影响

塑性变形在提高原位自生非连续增强钛基复合材料(DRTMCs)强度的同时可改善塑性,但高的屈强比使其变形工艺非常敏感,压缩了适合变形的工艺区间,加大了变形加工难度。为此,提出了钛基复合材料(TMCs)等温挤压方法并成功制备出强塑性匹配较好的颗粒增强TMCs,研究了挤压变形量对其微观组织演化及综合性能变化规律的影响。结果表明,挤压过程中增强体TiB晶须和TiC颗粒断裂并实现二次分布,使TMCs中增强体分布得到合理有效控制,当挤压比从7增大到10时,TiB晶须长径比明显减小,但随后趋于稳定。随着变形量增加,α相内发生连续动态再结晶,形成与片层厚度相当的沿着原始片层呈竹节排布的细小等轴晶粒。从力学性能测试结果可知,在温度较低的两相区(985℃)进行等温热挤压变形,DRTMCs强度可达1 111 MPa,延伸率为15.7%,实现了较好的强塑性匹配。     

Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B合金的包套热挤压组织与拉伸性能

采用包套近等温热挤压工艺制备了Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B合金方形棒材,通过OM、SEM、XRD、TEM和拉伸等实验方法研究了方棒不同状态和位置的组织及拉伸性能。结果表明,方棒材的挤压态组织较为均匀,不同位置的微观组织无明显差异;挤压变形使铸锭组织片层取向趋于一致,趋向平行于挤压方向;晶界处γ相存在颗粒状、块状和长条状3种形态;β相在挤压过程中碎化和被拉长呈平行挤压方向纤维状。在TEM下观察,棒材边部位置片层完全碎化,而心部位置片层断裂后呈长条状。β_0相中生成大量ω_0相,两者位相关系遵循:■。方棒材的室温拉伸强度达到1000 MPa以上,室温延伸率为0.5%左右;800℃拉伸屈服强度达到400 MPa以上,表现明显塑性。热挤压合金经时效热处理后在β_0相中生成大量透镜状γ相,时效处理提高了合金的高温拉伸性能,但无法消除ω_0相。     

可在400～500℃使用的TC4-B钛合金棒材研制

通过在TC4钛合金中添加Si、O、Mo、Zr、Sn合金元素,研制出名义化学成分为Ti-6Al-4V-0.3Si-0.3Mo-0.3Zr-0.3Sn-0.15O的TC4-B钛合金。并采用两种镦拔组合变形工艺,制备尺寸为?75 mm圆棒和51 mm×85.6 mm扁方棒。结果表明:经"三三一"工艺锻制的TC4-B钛合金棒材显微组织更为均匀;力学性能明显优于经常规工艺锻制的棒材,其室温拉伸强度可达1 000 MPa以上,500℃时拉伸强度可达636 MPa,伸长率为18%,断面收缩率为61%,可在400~500℃高温条件下使用。     

Ti2SnC颗粒增强铜基复合材料的力学性能

用粉末冶金方法制备了一种以三元层状陶瓷Ti2SnC为增强相的Cu/Ti2SnC复合材料，研究了增强相的含量对复合材料的显微结构和硬度、拉伸强度等力学性能的影响。结果表明，Ti2SnC对于铜是一种有效的增强相，当Ti2SnC的体积含量为20％（体积分数，下同）时增强效果最佳，屈服强度和拉伸强度分别达到319MPa和440MPa，是相同工艺条件下制备的纯铜的屈服强度和拉伸强度的4倍和2倍，并保持12％的延伸率。强化是由于铜基体晶粒的细化和位错塞积引起的。     

铜与氧化石墨烯协同增强钛基复合材料显微组织及性能研究

通过放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术制备铜(Cu)和氧化石墨烯(GO)协同增强的钛基复合材料(GO/Cu/TA1),研究了氧化石墨烯和Cu元素对钛基复合材料组织、硬度及拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：GO/Cu/TA1复合材料晶内析出金属间化合物Ti_2Cu相,晶界处存在非连续分布的TiC颗粒。复合材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度较TA1纯钛分别提高了66%和82%,显微硬度提升了58.4%,且延伸率保持在15%左右。硬度及强度的提升归因于晶界处分布的TiC颗粒与晶内析出的金属间化合物Ti_2Cu相的协同强化作用。     

Si、Mn元素对奥氏体不锈钢微观组织和拉伸性能的影响

为提高奥氏体不锈钢耐蚀性,合金中可同时加入Si、Mn元素,提高合金氧化膜形成能力,同时增加奥氏体基体稳定性,但Si、Mn的添加还能够对合金的冷变形组织和力学性能产生影响。本研究设计了不同硅、锰含量的奥氏体不锈钢,采用SEM、EPMA以及TEM等方法表征合金显微组织形貌,采用室温拉伸分析合金的力学性能。结果表明,Si质量分数由1.0%提高至2.0%,20%冷变形合金组织中变形孪晶体积分数由4.98%增加至8.33%,合金屈服强度由620 MPa提高至682 MPa,延伸率基本保持不变;Mn质量分数由1.5%提高至2.0%,变形孪晶体积分数由8.33%减少至7.22%,屈服强度由682 MPa降低至627 MPa,延伸率由16.0%增加至21.3%;添加Si元素,合金中孪晶数量增加,合金强度提高并保持塑性;添加Mn元素,合金中孪晶数量减少,强度降低塑性增强。     

TWIP钢的组织与力学性能研究

采用金相、静态拉伸试验方法研究了5种不同锰含量的TWIP钢的组织和力学性能。结果表明,5种钢的屈服强度随应变率的增大而提高,最大屈服强度可达280MPa;抗拉强度随应变率的增大而略有降低,最高抗拉强度超过1000MPa;1#钢的断裂延伸率和强塑积随应变率的增大而提高,其它4种成分钢的断裂延伸率和强塑积随应变率的增大而减小。1#钢只具形变诱发马氏体相变,不出现孪晶;而2#-5#钢具TWIP效应,其中3#钢的最大延伸率可达75%,强塑积最高可达45000MPa（%）。TWIP钢拉伸前组织中有退火孪晶,变形过程中产生大量的形变孪晶,孪晶诱导塑性,从而推迟了颈缩的产生,导致很高的均匀变形能力。     

变形度对退火态Nb-W-Mo-Zr棒材金相组织和力学性能的影响

对采用相同加工工艺制备的4种不同规格NbW合金棒材进行退火热处理、金相组织观察和室温力学性能的测试。实验数据表明合金的金相组织在热处理前后由锻造态的流线形向完全再结晶形态转变,1350℃是NbW合金最低再结晶温度。晶粒度随变形量的增加而减小,当Φ31棒材的变形量达到89.7%时晶粒度为43.55μm,同时抗拉强度值达到最大值505MPa,拉伸延伸率为最小值29.5%。     

高强WSTi544221合金组织与性能研究

研究了轧制变形量对WSTi544221合金棒材显微组织和力学性能的影响,并对Φ10 mm规格的棒材进行不同制度的固溶+时效处理,对比了不同热处理状态下棒材的组织和力学性能。结果表明,随着轧制变形量的增大,WSTi544221合金棒材的晶粒细化程度增大,强度逐渐提高,但塑性变化不大。经870℃×1 h/WC+520℃×6 h/AC固溶+时效处理后,强度与塑性可以获得良好匹配,当抗拉强度达到1 610 MPa、屈服强度达到1 531 MPa时,延伸率和断面收缩率可分别保持在12%和43%。     

冷旋锻变形对TB9钛合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响

采用冷旋锻对TB9钛合金棒材进行多道次冷变形,利用OM、EBSD、XRD、TEM以及拉伸等实验研究了不同冷变形量TB9钛合金棒材的显微组织、织构和拉伸性能及其规律。结果表明,TB9钛合金棒材的晶粒尺寸随冷旋锻变形量的增大而减小,部分晶粒尺寸达到纳米级。同时,晶粒随变形量的增加沿旋锻轴向转动,形成择优取向,由初始{001}110和{001}100织构转变为110取向的α-fiber和γ-fiber{001}110、{112}110和{111}110织构。在亚结构、小尺寸晶粒以及织构的共同作用下,TB9钛合金的强度随变形量的增大而增加,延伸率和面缩率在70%冷变形后仍保持在一个较高的水平,具有优异的冷变形能力。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.