WETTABILITY AND INTERFACIAL REACTIONS OF Pd-Ni-(Cr,V) BASED BRAZING FILLERS ON Si3N4 CERAMIC

采用座滴法研究了4种钎料Pd60-Ni40, PdNi-(3-6)V, PdNi-(7-15)V 和PdNi-(16-24)Cr-(6-15)V(质量分数, %)在Si3N4陶瓷上的润湿性. 结果表明, 在1250℃/30 min的真空加热条件下, 4种钎料均在Si3N4母材上润湿铺展, PdNi-(16-24)Cr-(6-15)V钎料不但润湿角小, 而且形成了无缺陷的润湿界面. 该钎料与Si3N4形成的扩散反应层中, Cr和V优先与从母材扩散出的N反应生成相应的Cr-N和V-N相;只有少量的Si参与反应生成相应的Cr-Si和V-Si相; 钎料基体区中主要是溶有少量Si的Pd-Ni固溶体以及Pd-Si和Ni-Si相. Cr相对于V更容易向界面扩散.     

Pd-Ni-（Cr，V）基高温钎料对Si3N4陶瓷的润湿及界面反应

采用座滴法研究了4种钎料Pd60-Ni40,PdNi-(3-6)V,PdNi-(7-15)V和PdNi-(16-24)Cr-(6-15)V(质量分数,%)在Si3N4陶瓷上的润湿性.结果表明,在1250℃/30min的真空加热条件下,4种钎料均在Si3N4母材上润湿铺展,PdNi-(16-24)Cr-(6-15)V钎料不但润湿角小,而且形成了无缺陷的润湿界面.该钎料与Si3N4形成的扩散反应层中,Cr和V优先与从母材扩散出的N反应生成相应的Cr-N和V-N相;只有少量的Si参与反应生成相应的Cr-Si和V-si相;钎料基体区中主要是溶有少量Si的Pd-Ni固溶体以及Pd-Si和Ni-Si相.Cr相对于V更容易向界面扩散.     

填充泡沫Ti/AlSiMg的SiC陶瓷钎焊接头的组织与性能

为丰富SiC陶瓷钎焊所用钎料的设计思路,提出了一种泡沫Ti/AlSiMg新型复合钎料,通过Ti元素的溶入提高钎料与SiC陶瓷之间的界面结合力,利用泡沫Ti与Al基钎料之间的界面反应获得原位增强的钎缝,从而提升接头力学性能. 采用钎焊温度700 ℃、保温时间60 min和焊接压力10 MPa进行SiC陶瓷真空钎焊,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射、电子探针和万能试验机对接头组织、成分和性能进行分析,探索泡沫Ti/AlSiMg复合钎料在SiC陶瓷钎焊中的可用性. 结果表明,填充泡沫Ti/AlSiMg复合钎料所得接头结构为SiC/Al/Ti(Al,Si)₃/Ti(Al,Si)₃原位增强Ti基钎缝/ Ti(Al,Si)₃/Al/SiC,断裂发生在铝合金界面层和SiC陶瓷之间,Ti元素的溶入提高了铝合金界面层与SiC陶瓷之间的界面结合力,接头抗剪强度达111 MPa.     

Ni-Fe-Cr-Ti及Co-Ni-Fe-Cr-Ti(Si,B)系高温钎料对Si3N4陶瓷的润湿与界面连接

采用座滴法研究了Ni-Fe-Cr-(14-29)Ti(质量分数,%,下同)合金在Si3N4陶瓷上的润湿行为结果表明,在1493 K,10 min的真空加热条件下,随着含Ti量的增加,合金的润湿性逐渐改善,含Ti量为24%-29%时合金的润湿角达到27.3°.微观分析表明,钎料中的元素Cr向Ni-Fe-Cr-(24-29)Ti/Si3N4界面区扩散和富集,生成了复杂的Cr-Ni-Fe-Si四元化合物.分析了Ti元素含量的增加对于合金润湿性改善的原因.合金中加入元素Co并降低Ni含量可增强Ti,Cr的活性,导致形成不同的界面反应产物并对合金润湿能力及界面结合能力产生重要影响.成分调整后的Co-Ni-Fe-Cr-(14-20)Ti合金对Si3N4的润湿角可达到20.0°,形成牢固的润湿界面.     

PdNi-Cr-V钎料钎焊SiC陶瓷的接头组织及性能

采用座滴法研究了PdNi-Cr-V合金钎料对SiC陶瓷的润湿性.设计的PdNi-(16-22)Cr-(7-21)V-Si-B(质量分数)钎料可用于SiC的连接,使用急冷态箔状钎料,在1190℃/10 min的连接条件下得到的接头室温三点抗弯强度平均值为84.6 MPa.微观分析表明,在靠近SiC的界面反应层中,主要是Pd和Ni优先与SiC反应生成相应的Pd-Si相、Ni-Si相和石墨;离SiC稍远的接头区域,主要是Cr和V与C和Si发生反应,生成Cr(V)-C,Cr(V)-Si,Cr(V)5Si3C等相;钎缝中心区的基体由Pd-Si,Ni-Si和V-Si相组成,其上弥散分布着块状碳化物V2C和Cr23C6.     

CuSiAlTi钎料对SiC陶瓷的润湿性

研究了CuSiAlTi钎料对SiC陶瓷的润湿性。发现元素Ti显著影响钎料对SiC陶瓷的润湿性。采用SEM，XRD对润湿界面进行了观察分析，发现在界面上存在1个含TiC的很薄的界面层和含Cu较多、含Ti元素较少的较厚的界面过渡层。分析表明，在润湿过程中钎料中的元素与SiC陶瓷中的Si，C相互扩散，Cu元素在SiC陶瓷一侧是主要的扩散元素，Cu的扩散在SiC陶瓷一侧形成了较厚的扩散层。     

SiC陶瓷真空钎焊接头界面结构及机理分析

采用Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu钎料对SiC陶瓷进行了真空钎焊,研究了SiC陶瓷真空钎焊接头的界面显微组织和界面形成机理.试验中采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对接头组织进行了观察,并进行了局部能谱分析.结果表明,接头界面产物主要有TiC,Ti5Si3,Zr2Si,Zr(s,s),Ti(s,s)+Ti2(Cu,Ni)和(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)等.接头的界面结构可以表示为:SiC/TiC/Ti5Si3+Zr2Si/Zr(s,s)/Ti(s,s)+Ti2(Cu,Ni)/(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu).钎焊过程分为五个阶段:钎料与母材的物理接触;钎料熔化和陶瓷侧反应层开始形成;钎料液相向母材扩散、陶瓷侧反应层厚度增加,钎缝中液相成分均匀化;陶瓷侧反应层终止及过共晶组织形成;钎缝中心金属间化合物凝固.在钎焊温度960℃,保温时间10 min时,接头抗剪强度可达110 MPa.     

Cr与B对镍基高温钎料在Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料上润湿性的影响

研究了Cr和B元素对镍基高温钎料在3D-Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料上的润湿性的影响.试验结果发现,在真空度小于10-3 Pa,工作温度1100 ℃,保温时间10 min条件下,当钎料中的Cr元素含量为15%,B元素含量为0.6%时,镍基钎料在Cf/SiC上的润湿角为10°,然而B元素含量增加到2.4%后,润湿角增大到62°,表明钎料中的元素B降低钎料在Cf/SiC上的润湿性.钎料中的活性元素Cr对润湿有重要影响.镍基钎料在Cf/SiC上的润湿过程属于反应润湿,润湿界面生成多种碳化物和硅化物.采用扫描电镜与能谱仪分析界面的微观结构与成分,通过X射线衍射仪检测界面产物.     

Al-Si过共晶钎料的制备及其对核用SiC陶瓷的焊接研究

SiC是核聚变反应堆流道插件及结构材料的优秀候选材料。为了获得大尺寸的SiC部件,通过钎焊方法连接SiC,选择50Al-50Si合金作为钎料,研究50Al-50Si合金钎料的显微组织、力学性能及在真空1100℃×10min条件下对SiC陶瓷的钎焊性能。并在此钎料基体上加入不同含量(2%,6%,10%,14%)的Ti,研究Ti的加入对钎料显微组织性能及SiC陶瓷接头力学性能的影响。结果表明,Al-Si-Ti钎料能完成SiC陶瓷的连接而获得性能优异的接头。在Ti含量增加到6%时,接头剪切强度升高至138.98MPa,随着Ti含量增多,接头剪切强度又下降。     

不同Ti含量对金基活性钎料的性能影响研究

研究了Ti含量(0wt%~7wt%)对Au-18Ni合金钎料性能的影响。结果表明:Ti的加入提高了钎料合金的峰值温度,对起始点温度影响不大;随着Ti含量的增加,钎料在95Al_2O_3陶瓷上铺展面积增大,润湿角减小;Ti提高了钎料对95Al_2O_3陶瓷的润湿性。采用扫描电镜和能谱分析仪分析界面的显微结构和元素变化趋势,得出了(Au-18Ni)+5Ti钎料钎焊的95Al_2O_3/1Cr18Ni9Ti接头效果良好的主要原因是活性元素Ti与95Al_2O_3发生反应而引起界面能的变化所致。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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