T92/HR3C异种钢焊接接头高温拉伸变形及断裂行为

采用500℃和625℃拉伸试验,研究T92/HR3C异种钢管接头的高温变形及其断裂行为。结果表明,在高温拉伸过程中,焊缝、T92侧热影响区(HAZ)及母材(不包含颈缩段)均未发生明显的塑性变形及组织结构的变化,而HR3C侧母材晶粒明显被拉长,HR3C侧HAZ的拉伸变形不明显。HR3C母材塑性变形量随温度升高而明显降低,孪晶回复越少。高温拉伸断口位于T92侧HAZ的细晶区(FGHAZ),呈正断加剪切断的混合断裂方式,均与室温状态下该焊接接头的拉伸变形及断裂行为不同。应力三轴度理论可很好地解释该接头高温短时拉伸变形及断裂特征。     

T92/HR3C异种钢焊接接头的组织结构和力学性能

采用ERNiCr-3和ERNICrMo-3两种镍基焊丝,用气体保护钨极电弧焊(GTAW)法实现T92/HR3C异种钢管焊接.研究了接头的显微组织及其力学性能,以及焊后热处理对接头组织结构及力学性能的影响等.结果表明:T92/HR3C异种钢接头焊缝为胞状树枝晶组织,T92侧热影响区(HAZ)主要由过热区、粗晶区及细晶区构成;HR3C侧HAZ没有明显晶粒长大的现象,但晶界、晶内有碳、氮化物析出.ERNiCrM0-3焊接接头的强度、塑性及硬度较高,拉伸断裂位于母材;而ERNiCr-3焊接接头强度、硬度较低,但冲击韧性较高,拉伸断裂位于焊缝.760℃、30 min焊后热处理,有助于改善两种焊接接头的综合力学性能.     

HR3C/T92异种钢焊接接头650℃时效后的组织和韧性

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪,并通过冲击试验研究了HR3C/T92异质接头650℃时效后微观组织和冲击韧性的变化.结果表明,在650℃时效500 h后焊缝和近HR3C钢一侧的热影响区为单一奥氏体,近T92钢一侧粗晶区由于发生回复,马氏体板条碎化;随着时效时间的延长,接头组织中析出相数量逐渐增多,时效500 h后焊缝中的析出相类型为M23 C6和Nb(C,N).650℃时效后焊缝仍具有较高的韧性,而近T92钢一侧的热影响区冲击功呈现缓慢下降趋势.     

焊后热处理对T92/HR3C异种钢接头组织和力学性能的影响

以Inconel 82焊丝为填充金属,采用手工钨极惰性气体保护焊对T92/HR3C异种钢进行焊接,经焊后热处理后,采用光学显微镜、透射电镜对接头各区的微观组织进行表征,并对接头的室温拉伸性能进行测试。结果表明,接头T92钢热影响区(HAZ)由板条马氏体和部分等轴亚晶粒组成,板条晶界上存在连续的M₂₃C₆碳化物,晶内碳化物溶解;HR3C钢HAZ组织表现出较高的热稳定性;焊缝金属由较粗大的奥氏体枝晶和M₂₃C₆碳化物组成,同时存在一定量的位错;接头室温拉伸断裂发生在HR3C钢侧熔合区附近的焊缝,呈现为韧性断裂。     

高温时效对超超临界锅炉用HR3C钢接头微观结构及力学性能的影响

利用高温蠕变持久试验机,对超超临界(USC)机组锅炉用HR3C钢接头设计进行650℃,54.6 MPa.1000 h 的高温加载时效试验,对比分析了未时效与时效的 HR3C 钢接头微观结构和力学性能特征,结果表明,HR3C 钢接头母材区和焊缝区高温加载时效后脆化显著,焊缝区冲击韧性仅剩20kj/cm2,断裂几乎呈完全脆...     

新型耐热奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头650℃时效组织及力学性能

采用光学金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射分析等表征手段及力学性能试验,研究了Cr18Ni30Mo2Al3Nb不锈钢焊接接头在650℃时效100 h、300 h、500 h后的显微组织、力学性能变化及拉伸断口的断裂形貌。结果表明,随着时效时间的延长,接头的硬度和强度随着时效时间的延长而不断增高,伸长率显著降低;时效300 h后,合金焊缝的硬度与母材几乎相同,并趋于平稳,焊接接头的组织稳定性较高;时效后接头断裂位置多发生在热影响区。     

HR3C钢焊接接头高温时效后的显微组织和力学性能

通过光学金相显微镜、透射电子显微镜观察和力学性能试验,研究了HR3C钢焊接接头高温时效后的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,经650℃时效,HR3C钢焊接接头的强度和硬度升高,焊缝硬度上升幅度大于母材;焊缝的时效脆化倾向明显,时效7000 h后缺口冲击吸收能量都保持在15 J以下。焊缝区晶界处M23C6相的连续网状分布及σ相、G相的存在导致了其较低的缺口冲击吸收能量和时效脆性,而晶内均匀细小Z相的沉淀强化作用则提高了接头的强度和硬度。     

G115/T92异种钢焊接接头的显微组织及力学性能

利用钨极氩弧焊(GTAW)和手工电弧焊(SMAW)工艺,选用E90S-G焊丝和E9015-G焊条为焊料,对G115/T92异种钢进行焊接,研究其焊接接头的显微组织及力学性能。结果表明:接头焊缝、热影响区及母材均为典型的回火马氏体组织,T92侧焊缝及熔合线附近分布有多边形的δ-铁素体,含量不高于0.3%。G115侧熔合区发现有较明显的W、Co、Mo、Cu元素稀释现象。显微硬度在紧邻焊缝的热影响区达到最大值,在不完全相变区(ICHAZ)达到最小值,且经过二次回火,母材硬度降低。接头室温及650℃高温强度与T92钢相当,低于G115钢;室温断口位于T92侧母材,高温断口位于T92侧不完全相变区。     

T92/Super304H异种钢焊接接头的组织结构和力学性能

采用钨极氩弧焊(GTAW)技术,采用ERNiCr-3和ERNiCrMo-3两种镍基焊丝实施T92/Super304H异种钢焊接,并对接头的显微组织结构及力学性能进行测试分析。结果表明:T92侧热影响区(HAZ)中粗晶区析出大量的第二相颗粒,细晶区则为细小的索氏体组织;Super304H侧HAZ奥氏体晶粒长大,晶界析出明显;ERNiCr-3焊接的焊缝组织呈胞状结构,晶粒粗大;ERNiCrMo-3焊接的焊缝组织呈柱状晶组织特征。ERNiCrMo-3焊接的接头强度、塑性及硬度较大,拉伸断裂位于Super304H母材;而ERNiCr-3焊接的接头强度、硬度较低,但冲击韧性较高,拉伸断裂位于焊缝。     

焊接热输入对T92/S30432异种钢焊接接头组织和性能的影响

研究了焊接热输入对T92/S30432异种钢接头各区域的显微组织以及接头力学性能的影响。结果表明:T92/S30432异种钢接头焊缝为粗大树枝晶组织,T92侧热影响区(HAZ)主要由粗晶区及细晶区构成,粗晶区内部观察到块状的铁素体;S34032侧HAZ没有明显分区,但存在明显的晶粒长大和晶界粗化。随着焊接热输入增大,焊缝金属、T92侧的粗晶区和S30432侧的HAZ组织发生粗化,T92侧粗晶区内部的铁素体的含量和尺寸也增大;小焊接热输入可以提高焊缝金属和T92侧HAZ的冲击功;大焊接热输入可以一定程度上改善焊接接头的强度。因此,适宜采用的小焊接热输入制备T92/S30432异种钢接头。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.